人物性格与环境中的哈代作品

人物性格与环境中的哈代作品

--------简析《苔丝》与《卡斯特桥市长》

很多人都说最能够代表哈代创作成就的作品便是他的性格与环境小说，为了深入地了解哈代作品中关于人物性格与环境的因素，最近我拜读了他的大作《苔丝》与《卡斯特桥市长》。

The character and environment of hardy’s works

- - highly-socialized \"Tess\" and \"the mayor of casterbridge --

Many people say that the works which can represent hardy ‘s creation achievement is his novels of character and environment, in order to understanding the character and environment factors of hardy’s works, recently I have read the article \"Tess\" and \"the mayor of casterbridge.”

大家都知道哈代后期的小说创作，一向都是有反映社会悲剧的倾向，通过比较我发现哈代在创作亨查得人物性格与环境的磨合、冲突过程时，不像苔丝或是裘德等人物，因为他们的命运主要受制于环境，人物自身的过错和弱点，只起次要作用。Everyone knows hardy’s later novels always tend to reflect social tragedy, through comparing his works I found that the way Hardy creates Henchard’ character and environment is dfferent from Tess or Jude, tess and jude’s fate is subject to environment, the character own’s faults and weaknesses only plays the secondary role.比如说苔丝中，一系列的自然巧合，环境的偶然，促成了苔丝的悲剧，家中仅有的老马被撞死，父亲

恰巧遇到有钱的本家，苔丝只得外出认亲帮佣，引出失身事件，成为悲剧的开始，新婚之夜她给丈夫的坦白新，不料塞进了地毯下面，克莱没有看到，结果导致了新婚之夜的巨大不幸。而当她委身与亚蕾的时候，自己深爱的丈夫又突然归来，环境的力量控制这些巧合的产生。For example, a series of natural coincidence, environmental accidental in Tess, led to the tragedy of Tess, the only old horse were killed, her father happened to meet the rich family, Tess had to go out and help others for money which leads the seductions events. At wedding night the letter which she wants to gave her husband,was fill into the carpet, so Clare did not see. And when she committed with the Alec, her beloved husband suddenly return, so all the coincidence are control by the objective environment.哈代在苔丝中简化了苔丝的人物性格对其悲剧产生的影响，却加强了环境对这一悲剧重要作用，这种对人与环境之间和谐关系的怀疑加强了悲剧的效果。in “Tess” Hardy simplified the effert of Tess's character on the tragedy, but strengthened the effert of environment on the tragedy, this kind of doubt about harmonious relationship between man and the environment strengthened the tragic.而在《卡斯特桥市长》中，哈代却表明了亨查得的悲剧命运取决于他的性格与自身的过错和弱点：早年他酗酒卖妻，铸成决定他一生厄运的基因；他迷信巫术，错估天时，引发商业失算又是他一生事业毁于一旦的关键；他处理与商业伙伴法弗瑞继女伊莉莎白-简，情人类塞塔等人关系失误，主要源自于他自身性格上的刚愎自用，粗率愚蛮，而非客观环境。However , during the “mayor of casterbridge” Hardy shows that the tragic destiny depends on his character with his own faults and weaknesses: early his drunkenness and selled his wife which lead to his doom. He believes in witchcraft which caused the destroyed of his careers. He deals with the relationship with his business partners in a wrong way . all of these are because of his own character putin-assertiveness rather than the objective environment.

熟悉哈代写作特点的人都能够看出在人物性格与环境上，苔丝与亨查得在某些方面又是相似的，比如他们两的悲剧结果与当时的社会人文环境又是分不开的。 Pepple who is familiar with Hardy’s writing characteristics may find that Tess and Henchard have samething familiar such as these two tragic results and the contemporary social cultural environment can not be separated.亨查得的失败与《卡斯特桥市长》中的另一个人物法弗瑞的成功，不仅仅是人物性格较量的结果，而是在当时社会经济结构和新旧思想的交替下必然会有的结果，因为亨查得代表了传统的生产方式，最终的命运是被时代和社会淘汰，而法弗瑞则是审时度势，随机应变，更能够适应新的社会经济环境，能够生存。The failure of Henchard and the success of another character in “mayor of casterbridge” is not only the haggling of two characters’ nature, but the certain result in that social and economic structure. Because Henchard represents the traditional mode of production, the final destiny is sift out by social, but francois has flexible brain, he adapts to new social economic environment well, so he can survive.这种在巨大的社会环境下导致的悲剧也同时存在于苔丝的身上，因为特定的社会背景，即使苔丝有着勤劳，勇敢纯洁善良的个性，也仍不能逃脱最后的悲剧，在那个时代环境下，她唯一的结果便是死亡。In the huge social environment, the tragedy also happen to Tess, because the particular social background, even Tess is industrious, brave pure and kind, she also cannot escape the finally tragedy ,and the only result she get is death.

综上所述，我们可以看出，哈代的这两部作品在任务性格与环境的关系描写上有着相似的部分，同时也存在着差异，正是这样特殊的叙述方式，使得哈代的作品在那一个时代产生了一定的影响。To sum up, we can see that these two Hardy's works have same similar parts in the description of character and environment, meanwhile,the differences are still exist. as far as I’m concernd,the special narrative style made

Hardy's works produced certain effect in that special time.