一 、阅读理解 （共17小题；每小题 2 分，共34分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn’t know each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.
Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground. “Paris’s eyes rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”
It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?”
CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaged quickly.
Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor.
Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris’ heartbeat returned.
“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life.”
Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.
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Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.” 1. What happened to Paris on a March day? A. She caught a bad cold.
B. She had a sudden heart problem. C. She was knocked down by a ball. D. She shivered terribly during practice 2. Why does Paris say she was lucky? A. She made a worthy friend. B. She recovered from shock. C. She received immediate CPR. D. She came back on the softball team.
3. Which of the following words can best describe Taylor? A. Enthusiastic and kind. B. Courageous and calm. C. Cooperative and generous. D. Ambitious and professional.
B
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4. Why is TOKNOW a special magazine? A. It entertains young parents. B. It provides serious advertisements. C. It publishes popular science fictions. D. It combines fun with complex concepts. 5. What does TOKNOW offer its readers? A. Online courses. B. Articles on new topics. C. Lectures on a balanced life. D. Reports on scientific discoveries.
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A. £55. B. £60. C. £65. D. £70. 7. Subscribers of TOKNOW would get . A. free birthday presents
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B. full refund within 28 days C. membership of the TOKNOW club D. chances to meet the experts in person
C
This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.
Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash.
“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability(法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “ be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.
But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars, ”Merat says. “You know — no driver.”
Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without human operation.
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles
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you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.
That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.
8. What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A place where cars often break down. B. A case where passing a law is impossible. C. An area where no driving is permitted. D. A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.
9. The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to __________. A. stop people from breaking traffic rules B. help promote fully automatic driving C. protect drivers of all ages and races D. prevent serious property damage
10. What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars? A. It should get the attention of insurance companies. B. It should be the main concern of law makers. C. It should not cause deadly traffic accidents. D. It should involve no human responsibility.
11. Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in __________. A. Singapore B. the UK C. the US D. Germany
12. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability? B. Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough C. Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed! D. Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents
D
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I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours? To understand the issue, let’s take a look at three types of “waits”. The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink(洗碗池) as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it’s full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.
A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.”I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience.
Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.
Turning one’s life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn’t come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.
We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don’t be desperate. You’re probably just as busy as the next guy.
13. While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to ___________. A. keep ourselves busy B. get absent-minded
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C. grow anxious D. stay focused
14. What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait? A. The Forced Wait requires some self-control. B. The Forced Wait makes people passive. C. The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions. D. The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain. 15. What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait? A. It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait. B. It doesn’t always bring the desired result. C. It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait. D. It doesn’t give people faith and hope.
16. What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting? A. Take it seriously. B. Don’t rely on others. C. Do something else. D. Don’t lose heart.
17. The author supports his view by _________. A. exploring various causes of “waits”. B. describing detailed processes of “waits”. C. analyzing different categories of “waits” D. revealing frustrating consequences of “waits”
二、 七选五 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 1
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 2 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been
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unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 3
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night`s sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 5 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says. A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick. D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories. E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
三 、 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that
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the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very 37 . She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could 38 ,but, of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness.
Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, 39 an old shopping trolley（购物车）which was piled with 40 . It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more 41 to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’ t 43 as bad.
Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foudation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to 45 “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to 46 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone`s spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada`s 48 and homeless.
There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah`s Place”, something that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannah`s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that 50 outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51 .For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world. But 53 all this, Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.
Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world. You can,too!
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36. A. jumping 37. A. annoyed 38. A. behave 39. A. pushing 40. A. goods
B. eating B. nervous B. manage B. carrying
C. crying C. ashamed C. help
D. waving D. upset D. work D. holding
D. bags
C. buying
C. foods
B. bottles
41. A. excited 42. A. since 43. A. sound
B. determined
B. unless B. get
C. energetic
D. grateful D. as D. look D. spread
C. although C. feel C. keep
44. A. exchange 45. A. sell
B. leave
B. deliver
B. lead
C. host
D. pack
D. agree
46. A. contribute 47. A. campaign 48. A. elderly 49. A. aware 50 A. going
C. apply
B. trip C. procedure C. lonely
D. trial
B. hungry
D. sick
D. sure
B. afraid
C. proud
B. sleeping C. traveling D. playing
51. A. praises 52. A. needs 53. A. for
B. invitations C. replies
B. interests
D. appointments
D. efforts
C. dreams
B. through B. public B. profit
C. besides C. normal
D. along D. tough
D. difference
54. A. healthy 55. A. choice
C. judgement
四 、 语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer , and she noticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “she thought I had hurt 59 (I),”says Pahlsson
Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61
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(cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters —then ten, eight, and six— had picked
it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,\" she says. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.
五 、短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late,the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
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Unit 2：
综合练习一、阅读理解1．B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.D 17.C
二、七选五 CEFGB 三、完形填空 36-40 BDCAD 41-45 BACDC 46-50 AABCB 51-55 ADBCD
四、语法填空 56. carrots 57. shiny/shining 58. so 59. myself 60. earlier 61. to cook 62. searched 63. swept 64. where 65. a 短文改错
In the summer holiday following my
eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.
eighteenthI still remember how hard
first day was. Before getting into the car, I
the/myso once I started the car,
but/yetthought I had learned the instructor’s orders,
goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor wentwordTurningkept repeating the , “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “ left!” I was
wordsTurnmy mind
so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes
late,the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a latersuddenlyonstop just in the middle the road.
suddenof
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