选修七
Unit 3 Under the Sea
一、言语要点
I单元要点预览〔旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点〕 词语 辨析 1.shore/seaside/beach/coast/bank 2.flee/escape 3. deep/deeply 1. depth n. 深, 深度, 2. conserve v. 保存, 保藏 词形 变化 词汇 局部 重点 单词 3.vivid adj. 生动的, 鲜亮的, 生动的 4. awesome adj. 引起敬畏的, 恐怖的 5.tasty adj. 好吃的, 可口的 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. deeply adv.深深地 deep adj.& adv. 深的;深刻地, conservation v. 保存, 保持 vividly adv. 生动地, 鲜亮地 awe n. 敬畏 taste v.品尝; n味道, 味觉 awe vt.敬畏 tasteless adj. 没味道的, 无鉴赏力的 annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的/ n. 年刊；年鉴 witness n. 目击者；证人；证据vt. 当场见到；目击 accommodation n. 住所 abandon vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃 reflect vt. 映射；反射vi. & vt. 思考 aware adj. 意识到的；了解的 scare vt. 恐吓vi. 受惊吓 重点 词组 sort out整理；挑出 help out 援助……〔摆脱困难或危难〕；协助；使……脱离困境 throw oneself out of 跃出 upside down上下翻转过来 1. It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers〞 as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 2. I had already heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting, so even though I didn’t have the right clothes on, raced after him. 3. I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day-a day of pure magic! 被动语态〔II〕(见语法专题) 重点句型 重点语法 II 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). shore/seaside/beach/coast/bank n.海边，海岸 【解释】 shore 指海岸，湖岸，也指近海的一带。 seaside指近海边地区供游客休憩，娱乐的海边。 beach指海洋或大湖在涨潮时被淹没而退潮时又露出的斜坡，可供人们玩乐，消遣的沙滩，海滩。 coast以陆地为中心的海岸线 bank河流的堤，岸 【练习】选择shore/seaside/beach/coast或bank并用其适当的形式填空 1) Last summer we spent all our holiday at the _______. 2) I enjoy lying on the _______ with sunglasses in the sun. .
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3) It’s dangerous for children to play on the _______ of the river. 4) We often see many ships on the sea about several miles off the ______. 5) The land is barren on the east ______. Keys: 1) seaside 2) beach 3) bank 4) shore 5) coast 2). flee/escape v.躲避, 逃跑, 逃走 【解释】 flee 只说明动作，不强调结果。 escape逃离，结果是成功的。 【练习】选择flee或escape，并用其适当的形式填空 1) The enemy ______ in disorder. 2) Citizens were forced to ______ the besieged city. 3) He narrowly _________ death. Keys: 1) fled 2) flee 3) escaped 3) deep/deeply adv.深深地； 【解释】 deep 表示深地，深处〔常用于具体的方面〕 deeply常表达抽象含义。 【练习】选择deep或deeply并用其适当的形式填空 1) The police found out the lost child _______ in the woods at last. 2) All of us were _______ shocked at the bad news. Keys: 1) deep 2)deeply III 词性变化 〔旨在提供语法填空所需材料〕 1. depth n. 深, 深度, 2. conserve v. 保存, 保藏 deeply adv.深深地 conservation v. 保存, 保持 deep adj.& adv. 深的;深刻地, 3.vivid adj. 生动的, 鲜亮的, vividly adv. 生动地, 鲜亮地 生动的 4. awesome adj. 引起敬畏的, awe n. 敬畏 恐怖的 5.tasty adj. 好吃的, 可口的 taste v.品尝; n味道, 味觉 awe vt.敬畏 tasteless adj. 没味道的, 无鉴赏力的 【练习】依据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1) The lake is over 20 meters in _____ so we were all moved ______ by the man who dived _______ into the lake to save the little boy. (deep) 2) I ____ remember the girl dressed in ______ color he drew in the exhibition.(vivid) 3) Anyone who launches a war is ______ and is _______ by people who love peace all around the world. (awe) 4) The _______ of energy will help us research the way to save and _______ the energy. (conserve) 5) Though the soup is _______, I’ve lost my sense of ______ and it ____just like ______water.(taste) .
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、 keys:1) depth; deeply; deep 2) vividly; vivid 3) awesome; awed 4) conservation; conserve 5) tasty; taste; tastes; tasteless IV 重点词汇 〔旨在提供综合运用所需材料〕 1. annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的/ n. 年刊；年鉴 [重点用法]
annually adv. 年年地, 每年地 [典例]
1) an annual income. 年收入 2) an annual report年度汇报
2. witness n. 目击者；证人；证据vt. 当场见到；目击 [典例]
1) He is the witness to the accident. 事故的目击者
2) This old auditorium has witnessed many ceremonies. 这个古老的礼堂内举行过许屡次典礼 [重点用法]
give witness on behalf of sb. 为某人作证 3. accommodation住所 [重点用法]
accommodate v. 向...提供, 容纳, 调和; 适应 accommodation address临时通讯处 accommodation allowance膳宿津贴 [典例]
1) The high cost of accommodation makes life difficult for students in London． 由于住宿费用昂贵，伦敦的学生感到生活困难。
2) The university offers excellent accommodation for summer visitors． 这所大学为夏季来访者提供了很好的住宿。
4. abandon vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃n．放任, 狂热 [重点用法]
abandon oneself to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于 abandon …to sb． 把……舍弃给… with abandon放任地；放纵地；尽情地 [典例]
1) They abandoned all hope of finding an effective way to solve the problem． 他们放弃了寻觅有效方法解决问题的全部期望。
2) We should keep off those who abandon themselves to drugs．我们要远离那些吸毒成瘾的人。 3) Don't waste the food left, and abandon it to the dog．不要浪费剩下的食物，把它舍弃给狗吃。 5. reflect vt. 映射；反射vi. & vt. 思考 [重点用法]
reflection n． 反射；反映；思考；沉思 reflective adj．反射的；反映的；沉思的 reflect on v. 思考，反省 [典例]
1) Her severe look reflected how she really felt．她那冷峻的神情反映出她心中的真正感受。
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2) Mirrors reflect light．镜子能反射光线。
3) I reflected on possible reasons for my failure．我认真考虑导致我失败的种种原因。 [练习]用reflect的相关介词或正确形式填空.
1)The moon appears a _______ surface of the lake． 2)After a minute's _____，he answered．
3)The plan ________ which he reflected was ridiculous．
4)The problems ________ at discussion are to be dealt at tomorrow’s meeting. Keys: 1) reflective 2)reflection 3)on 4) reflected 6. aware adj. 意识到的；了解的 [重点用法]
unaware不发觉的, 不了解的 awareness n. 了解, 晓得
be／become aware of sth．意识到某事
be aware that-clause了解……；意识到…… make sb．aware that-clause提示某人注意…… make sb．aware of…让某人注意到…… [典例]
1) He wasn't aware of the danger．他没有意识到危险。 2) Is she aware that I'm coming? 她了解我要来吗?
注意：aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。 [练习] 用恰当的介词或aware恰当的词性填空。
1) Also when you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself continuously aware ______ situations that will bring you nearer to your goal．
2)The principal didn’t seem to be aware_______ there should have been so much dispute about the decision．
3) Health officials throughout the world have tried to make people raise______ about AIDS. 4) Mike seems______ of the trouble he’s causing, otherwise he would stop it． Keys: 1) of 2) that 3)awareness 4)unaware 7. scare vt. 恐吓vi. 受惊吓 [重点用法]
scaring adj．令人畏惧的；吓人的 scared adj． 受惊吓的；感到畏惧的
be scared of…(=be afraid of) 遇到…(某种事物或行为)而畏惧 be scared to do．··(=be afraid to do)不敢做…… be scared to death吓死了 [典例]
1) You scared me by coming in so quietly． 你这么悄悄地进来吓了我一跳。 2) Most girls are scared to light the firework.大多女孩不敢放烟花。 V 重点词组 〔旨在提供综合运用所需材料〕 1. sort out整理；挑出; 解决(问题／困难) [短语归纳]
sort through 查看并挑选出 put away 把……存放好 [典例]
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1) I've sorted out the papers that can be thrown away．我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出来了。
2) We've got a few lime problems to sort out．我们有几个小问题要解决。
3) He was sorting through a pile of papers on his desk他在整理桌上的一堆文件。 2. help out 援助……〔摆脱困难或危难〕；协助；使……脱离困境 [短语归纳]
help sb with sth援助某人做某事 with the help of在...的援助下, 借助
help oneself to请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等) can't help doing sth禁不住
can't help but do sth只得；不得不 [典例]
1) Can you help me out with the maths problem? 你能帮我解出这道数学题吗? 2) Please help yourself to some fish．随便吃点鱼。 3) She can't help laughing．她忍不住大笑起来。 4) I can't help but wait．我只得等。 3.throw oneself out of 跃出 [典例]
1) The man suddenly threw himself out of the water and said“I'm here'’。那个人突然跃出水面说“我在这儿〞。 [短语归纳]
throw oneself at冲向
throw oneself into投身手；积极从事 throw away扔掉 throw up呕吐
throw sb into prison把某人投入监狱； throw at对准向……扔去(期望击中)； throw to向……(方向)扔去 4.upside down 上下翻转过来 [短语归纳]
inside out里面翻转过来的 [典例]
1) The naughty child is always turning everything in the room upside down． 这淘气的孩子老是把房问的东西搞得乱七八糟。
2) He wore the sweatshirt inside out．他当时把运动衫反过来穿。 VI 重点句子 〔旨在提供句子结构等所需材料〕
1. It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers〞 as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the
baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那个时期，虎鲸〔当时被称为“杀手〞〕援助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。 [解释]It was/is a time when 曾经一度〔那时〕 [典例]
1) It was a time when motorcars were rare. 那是汽车很罕见的时代。 2) It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.
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她曾经无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。
2. I had already heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting, so even though I didn’t have the right
clothes on, raced after him.
我早就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没穿上捕鲸该穿的衣服，还是跟在他背后跑了起来。
[解释]even though=even if即使，即便〔引导让步状语从句〕 [典例]
1) We won’t give up even if we should ten times.即便我们失败十次，我们也不会失败。
2) Even though you may lose the chance of meeting your friend, you can not miss the meeting this afternoon.
即使你可能会失去会见朋友的时机，〔但是你〕也不能错过下午的会议。
3. I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day-a day of pure magic!
我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情---这可是奇异至及的一天。 [解释]with+宾语+宾语补足语 在句中充当状语，表伴随，原因等 [典例]
1) The teacher came in with a thick book in her hand.老师走了进来，手里拿着一本厚厚的书。 2) With a local villager leading the way, we found his house easily. 有当地村民带路，我们很简单就找到了他家。
3) With a lot of problems to solve, the newly-elected president felt like a cat on hot bricks. 由于有很多问题急待解决，新中选的总统急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。
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