随着我省规范办学行为的进一步深入,每周课时由原来的6至8节减少到了4节。课时减少了,教学质量不能下滑;课时减少了,学生的学科能力培养不能放松。为了顺应我省课程实施方案推行,结合课程标准的教学要求,结合我校实际情况,对单元教学做了合理的划分:阅读课,语言知识课,语法课,话题写作课。现对单元教学中部分课型做简单介绍,希望能对学科教师有所帮助。
阅读课(新授课)
(高一英语模块二Unit 3 computers)
【操作原则】
阅读课要以训练学生的各种阅读能力为基础,包括掌握文章主旨大意、根据需要寻找细节、推理判断等能力。课堂设计应以课文为主,教学案为辅,学生围绕课本,结合学案,在教师指导下,由浅入深,从易到难,在完成教学案任务的同时获取各种阅读能力。
课堂采用生生互动、师生互动等形式,充分体验学生的主体地位,变学生的被动学习为主动快乐学习。
【基本操作流程】
预习检查 展示目标→激情导入→速读释疑→细读探究→当堂达标→拓展提高
下面以高一英语模块二 Unit3 Computers 为例,谈一下具体的操作程序。
一、预习检查
此环节可在课前两三分钟进行。教师可以根据情况采用口头提问、个别提问、或者学生同桌相互提问、做单词检测题等形式,针对本课出现的重点词汇、出现频率较高的词汇检查学生的预习情况,到上课铃响即可结束。
如:simplify; solve; as a result; so---that; goal; happiness; explore
此步骤可以让学生养成好的学习习惯,即上课前及早进入状态,完成思想和知识的双重准备。
二、展示目标,明确步骤
1.教师投放学案,展示目标,提出希望 2.学生认定目标,树立信心
教学目标的投放有利于学生掌握本节课的教学内容及所应达成的知识、能力和素质等方面的目标,为下一步的学习明确方向,才能在学习中处于主动地位,发挥主体作用。使学生的“学”与教师的“教”形成协调发展的合力,取得最佳的学习效果。
三、设置情景,激情导入
教师可采用多媒体教学,由正在使用的电脑为切入点引出话题computers。学生看课本warming-up第一部分,看图片自由发言,教师可以设置几个简单的问题,比如:which invention do you want to own? Which one is most widely used in our daily life?也可以由话题technology引出,科技发展迅猛,生活中出现了很多新东西,比如洗衣机、电视机、电话、汽车、电脑,引到课本warming--up 部分。根据图片认识电脑发展的大体过程,让学生根据图片认识生词。
导入阶段是师生之间建立情感,为新课铺垫,营造一个学习英语氛围的阶段。导入方式很多,可利用课文每个单元“warming-up”部分所提供的导入素材,也可利用学生身边的素材。总之,应充分调动学生的非智力因素,最大限度的激活学生已有的背景知识,激
发学生学习英语的热情、欲望和兴趣,为进一步学习做好准备。 四、趁热打铁,读前预测
充分利用课本pre-reading部分,看图片和文章题目预测内容,或者直接做第三题,预测几种计算机的出现先后顺序。
五、速读释疑,浅层理解
1.教师指定学生快速阅读课文,核对pre-reading排序并完成学案浅层理解的题目。 (导语:使用跳读式,迅速找到答案。不必逐句细读,训练快速捕捉信息的能力。)
2.学生按照老师要求阅读,完成相关练习。小组讨论后展示答案。 3.教师根据反馈信息,针对学生很难解决的问题,给予解释。
浅层理解即指感性认识阶段,要求学生通过跳读或速读方式,对文章中的信息只需进行简单的比较、对照、归纳,便可找到答案。题目的设置也较简单,基本可直接在文中找到答案,该环节主要通过训练来提高学生的阅读速度。
六、细读探究,深层理解
1.教师指定学生详细阅读课文,分两步两个循环完成学案上深层理解的两部分题目。 导语:指导学生详细阅读,对课文进行全面的分析。 2.学生认真阅读,完成学案,小组讨论,反馈信息。
3.教师采集信息,根据完成情况做出评价或适当讲解。
深层理解就是学生通过对文章中感性材料进行深层分析、概括、演绎、归纳而上升为理性认识的过程。题目设置难度大,学生必须通过认真思考,纵览全篇,前后联系,方可找到正确答案。
七、巩固迁移,当堂达标
1.教师给学生足够的时间完成学案上的巩固题目。 2.小组讨论,发现疑点,教师释疑。
巩固是学习的一个重要环节,只有对知识进行牢固的巩固,才能为知识的运用和迁移打下坚实的基础。同时通过巩固能对文章进行更全面透彻的理解,使学生的知能水平得以体现。
八、问题讨论,拓展提高
1.教师设置话题:网络。
2.学生讨论网络的优点和缺点,中学生应如何正确对待网络。
在学生进行了由浅入深的阅读和深层理解后,一定记忆了许多优美的句子,漂亮的片段,一定跃跃欲试想用英语表达自己的所感所想。问题讨论阶段刚好可以满足学生这一欲望,并且可以较好地改变以往教师牵着学生“鼻子”走的被动状态,充分实现学生的探究性、好奇性和挑战性,同时使学生的交际能力得以展示。而且,网络是学生喜欢的话题,也是存在争议的话题,如何正确对待和使用网络,是学生必须了解的知识。通过讨论,可以帮助学生建立正确的世界观和价值观。
语言知识点课(新授课)
【操作原则】
对语言知识点课,我们主张以带着问题重新阅读为导入,引导学生回归阅读,发现、归类语篇中所承载的语言知识,把语言知识放回到它所依附的语言环境中去进行学习。围绕课文所涉及的语言现象,通过问题设置的方法梳理、提取和归纳语篇中的语言知识,让学生借助词典等学习工具,初步解决学习中的语言障碍,以及通过小组讨论,使学生基本
掌握常用词汇、重要句型,再通过释疑、拓宽、巩固、提高等环节,培养学生运用英语解决问题的能力。
【基本操作流程】
问题导入→自主探究→解难释疑→归纳总结→当堂达标
下面以人教版高一英语第二模块Unit 3 computers为例,谈一下具体的操作程序。 一、问题导入 (一) 教师活动:
1. 采用汉译英练习题的形式把课文所涉及的语言知识呈现给学生。 2. 提示语言点课的目标。
3. 了解学情和教情,了解教学案预习的情况及学生对词汇的掌握情况。 (二) 学生活动:
1.完成教学案中的基础知识部分,并浏览教学案中列举的重要语言点,为重新阅读做到
心中有数。
2.重新阅读文章,核对基础知识部分答案,并特别注意语言点所依附的语言环境。 二、自主探究,小组讨论 (一)教师活动:
1.指导学生利用词典和有关书籍进行自主探究。 2.指导学生进行小组讨论。
3.把握训练时间,注意时间的分配。 (二)学生活动:
1.联系课文,从文章具体语言环境中理解含有重要的短语和句型的句子。
2.根据词典和有关书籍,总结归纳它们的常见用法,找出难点和疑点,并进行知识的初步梳理。。
3.通过小组讨论的方法,完成句子,为整体释疑做好准备。
注意:在本部分中,以先学后教为原则,发挥学生的主动性,自主探究能训练学生独立
解决问题的能力。同时小组讨论的过程,有利于进一步促进他们合作精神和创新思维的发展,使学生有机会被启发去思考、归纳、总结,学会灵活运用语言能力 三、解难释疑 (一)教师活动:
1.指导学生通过例句进行英语习惯思维的训练。 (二)学生活动:
1.理清思路,达到掌握并运用所学知识的目的。 2.生生互助,组组互助。
注意:老师要控制好课堂秩序,防止出现扰乱课堂秩序的行为。 四、归纳总结 (一)教师活动:
1.发挥主导地位,指导学生进行归纳总结,使知识条理化、系统化。 2.指导学生找出知识之间的不同和联系。 (二)学生活动:
1.积极主动地整理所理解的知识点,并书写到相应的位置。 2.学生经过老师的点拨,把重点总结在每题后面的归纳处。 五、达标训练 (一)教师活动:
1.给学生足够的时间完成教学案上的当堂达标训练题目。
2.巡回查看,发现问题,掌握反馈信息。 3.核对答案,指导学生讨论。(核查答案,也可采用集体核对或单人核对) 4.发现疑点及时进行针对补偿。 (二)学生活动:
1.通过做训练题,对知识掌握上的难点和疑点进行查漏补缺。 2.核对答案,小组讨论。
注意:这个步骤要求学生开始模仿应用所整理的一些语言知识。教师可以整合市编新学案并以英语释义、选择填空、配对替换等形式把各种有利于学生掌握语言知识的语言活动练习呈现在教学案上。
附一、阅读课学案
附:阅读课学案(新授课)
【设计理念】尊重教学规律,确立以学生发展为本的理念。关注学习的全过程,关注学生学习的有效性,关注教师教学的针对性,关注课堂师生成长的互动性。按照新课标英语教学大纲的要求,结合英语阅读课的教学特点,切合学生的实际,便于课堂设计与组织教学。 【设计特点】根据教学目标创设情景或设置台阶,层层深入引导学生独立看书、自学、思考、探究。课上讨论交流、合作探究,分析问题;当堂进行达标测试,及时巩固,反馈问题。这种设计,为学生自主学习、合作学习、探究学习提供了条件和明确的学习任务,使每个学生学习时间、学习次数、思考深度得到了加强。
【设计环节】教学案设计经历了由粗到细,由师到生,由表及里的过程,形成了“提前进行个人设计、集体研讨优化设计、以学为主考虑设计、分层把关确保质量”的操作流程。为了对学生进行全方位的阅读训练,结合英语学科的特点及高考的要求,题目设置尽量做到趣味性和题型多样性结合。
Unit 3 Computers
Reading
Teaching aims:
1. To master the history of computers.
2. To improve students' different reading skills to find out information.
3. To know the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet and hold a right attitude to it.
4. To strengthen the confidence of studying English. Teaching procedures: I.Warming-up
Enjoy the seven pictures to have a free talk.
Which invention do you want to own ? Which one is most widely used in your daily life?
____________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ.Pre-reading
Guess the time when the following inventions appeared. Put them in right orders. ( ) analytical machine ( ) laptop ( ) calculating machine ( ) robot
( ) PC ( ) universal machine Ⅲ.While-reading Fast-reading True or False
( )1.In 1642 I began as a calculating machine and could solve any mathematical problem.
( )2.My real father was Charles Babbage, who wrote a book and built me in 1936. ( )3.After I got my new transistors in the 1960s, I became smaller but cleverer and quicker.
( )4.I was brought into people’s homes in the 1970s.
( )5.Since my birth I have been built to take the place of the human race. Careful-reading 1.Fill in the timeline.
1642:_____________________________________
_____:The Analytical Machine was made by Charles Babbage. 1936:_______________________________ ___________________________
1960s:_________________________________
_____: The first family of computers was connected to each other. 1970s:_________________________________ Now:_____________________________________ 2.Multiple-choice
1).Why did I totally change my shape? ( )
A. Because I could do many things. B. Because I could simplify sums. C. Because my memory improved. D. Because I never forgot anything.
2). How long did it take before the computer was built as an analytical machine? ( ) A. 500 years B. 300 years C. 100 years D. 200 years
3). According to the last paragraph, which was not mentioned in the use of the computer? ( )
A. Mobile phones B. Rockets C. Bikes D. Robots 4).What can we infer from the change of computers? ( )
A.Little by little computers can really think and feel like the people. B.In the future computers may refuse to serve the people. C.Science and technology develop rapidly.
D.Sooner or later computers may take the place of human beings. Ⅳ.Post-reading 1.Fill in the blanks:
I began as a _______ ________ in 1642 in France. In 1822 I was built as an ______ ______. Then in 1936 Alan Turing wrote a book and built a _______ ______.As the years have______ ______, I have been made______ ______ ______ but I got _______ ________ ______,______ ________ _______. In the 1960s they
gave me a family_______ _______ _______ _________. Now people call it the Internet. I was _______ ________ _______ ________ in the 1970s.So I became PC. Since my birth I have truly been built to serve the human race. 2.Discussion
Topic: The Internet Advantages:1. 2. 3. ...
Disadvantages:1. 2. 3. ...
Your attitudes:1. 2. ... Ⅴ.Homework
Write a passage about the Internet according to your discussion.
附二 语言知识点教学案
Unit3 Computers
【学习目标】
1.要求学生从课本中找出短语和句子,并熟记。
2.能够灵活运用重要的短语,提升综合能力。 【自学提纲】
Phrases and sentences Ⅰ.Warming up and pre -reading
1.与…有共同之处 _______________ 2.把…与…比较 ________________ Ⅱ.Reading1
3.花费…时间干某事 ____________________ 4.被迫干__________________ 5.从…时起 __ __ __ 6.随着时间的推移_______________________ 7.由于,结果 ___ _______ 8.独自______________________ 9.和某人一起分享 ___ 10.为某人提供…___________________ 11.充满… ___ 12.忠实的朋友 ______________________ III. Reading2
13….的一部分 14.在足球队____________________ 15.学会干某事 16.获得第一 ________________
17.一种新型的… 18.决定干… ____________________ 19.在某种程度上_________________ 20. 与…对抗____________________ 21.毕竟__________________ 22.在…的帮助下________________________
【探究导航】
1. common
【原句再现】In pair discuss what they ______________________.
【归纳总结】have something / a lot/ much/ little/ nothing in common 是“有一些/有很多/几乎无/无共同之处”的意思。 【知识链接】
in common 共有,共用(在句中多做状语);in common with…和…..一样 [辨析] normal, common, ordinary, general, usual: 均有 普通之意, 但又各有不同. normal 指人或物符合常态、常规;
common 指符合或具有全体人或 物所共有的特征;
ordinary指人或物符合一般标准,并无非凡或独特之处; general指较少例外,含有“普及”,“大众化”之意;
usual指符合习惯或常规制度,这种习惯可能是好习惯,也可能是恶习,但总之是司空见惯的。
【即景活用】
和其他孩子一样,她喜欢跳舞。__________________________________. 他们觉得有许多共同之处。_________________________________. 1).When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _____. A. average B. ordinary C. regular D. normal
2). Letterboxes are much more _____in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.
A. common B. normal C. ordinary D. usual
3). It’s in the _____ interest that we should have a well-run health service. A. ordinary B. usual C. particular D. general
4). Now, in our country free medical treatment covers sickness of mind as well as___ sickness.
A. normal B. average C. regular D. ordinary
2. 【原句再现】___________________ , I grew rapidly both __________ and _____________. 1). From then on he__________________ (努力学习).
2). Since then he ______________________ (完成所有功课).
【归纳总结】from then on 从那时起,主句常跟________,since then 也是从那时起,主句常用____________。
3.【原句再现】________________ I had grown as large as a room. 1).By last year, they ___________________ (学会了3000个单词). 2). By today, 20 students____________________ (没被大学录取). 3). By next year, 3000 students _________________ (从这所学校毕业).
【归纳总结】by后接过去时间,主句用___________;其后接现在时间,主句用
_________________;其后接将来时间,主句用_________________.
【即景活用】
By the time he got to the cinema, the film ____________ A. began B. has begun C. had begun D. begins 4. 【原句再现】_____________________, I was made smaller.
【归纳总结】 as conj. 随着……,引导_________状语从句。表示“随着……”时,也可
以用____,但_________是介词,后面一般不接句子。go by___________________
go by = ___________
【即景活用】
1)As time________, she became more and more anxious about her son's safety. A. passing B. going by C. passed D. goes by 2)With the time________, our anxiety grew.
A. goes by B. going by C .has gone by D. had gone by 3)Three months__________ before we knew it.
A. passed by B. went C. went by D. past
5. 【原句再现】 Over time my memory has developed _______ much ________ … 【归纳总结】so + ________________+ that…. such + _________________ + that…. (1)so…that引导结果状语从句,其结构是:
so+ adj/adv.+that-c1ause so+ adj.+ a(n)+单数可数名词+that-clause so+ many/few+可数名词复数+that-clause so+ much/little+不可数名词+that-clause (2)such…that也可引导结果状语从句,其结构是: such-+ a(n)+ adj.+单数可数名词+that-clause
such+ (adj.)+不可数名词+that-clause such+ (adj.)+可数名词复数+that-clause 【即景活用】
1) There is______ much work to do and he was______ worried about finishing it in time that he was quite nervous all day long.
A. so; so B. such; such C. so; such D. such; so
2) It was______ that we went camping in the mountains. A. such nice weather B. such a nice weather C. so nice a weather D. too nice weather
3) She has______ she remembers all the names of the students she has taught. A. so good memory B. good memory
C. such a good memory that D. such good memory that
6. 【原句再现】As a result I totally changed my shape.译 _______________________________ 【归纳总结】as a result 意思是_____________ , 只能单独使用,不能加宾语;as a result of
=because of ,意思是_______________ , 后可接宾语。
【知识链接】result from ________ result in _________ 【即景活用】
1) ________ __________ __________()exercise, he has built up 2) His illness _________ _________ the bad fish. 3) The bad fish ________ __________ his illness.
7. 【原句再现】________________ our programmer is like our coach.
【归纳总结】与in a way同义的词组有___________和____________。容易与之混淆的词
组是in the way意为______________
【即景活用】
1).____________________________________ .从某种程度上说,我很喜欢这本新教材。 2). I'm afraid your bike is in the way.(英译汉) ______________________________ 8. 【原句再现】_____________, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets
anything, using my intelligence is what I’m all about!
【归纳总结】after all 1)______________2)_______________________
using my intelligence做______成分,what 引导_______________从句。
【即景活用】
1).So you've come after all! (英译汉)________________________!
2). After all, what does it matter? (英译汉)_______________________________?
9. 【原句再现】Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.(译) 【观察探究】The door won’t open anyway/anyhow.
【归纳总结】anyhow = ____________ 意思是_____________ 【即景活用】
1) ___________, I’d better go now. See you tomorrow.
2)I’m afraid we can’t come, but thanks for the invitation ______________. 10. 【原句再现】In this way I can ____________ new moves using my “artificial intelligence”. 【归纳总结】make up虚构,编造; 补足,弥补; 组成,构成; 化妆; 和解,言归于好; 整
理,收拾;
make…from/of ________________ make…into… _____________________
make out ______________________make up for _________________________ 【即景活用】英译汉
1). Sixty students make up our class. ____________________________________. 2). Society is made up of people of different abilities.________________________. 3). Please make up a new dialogue according to the text.______________________. 4). The criminal made up a story about where he was when the crime happened. _____________________________________________________________________. 11. 【原句再现】 …cook the dinner and ___________ telephone calls. (p24)
【归纳总结】deal with 1)____________2)_______________ 3)_______________ 【即景活用】
1)How are you going to________ such problems? A. do with B. deal with C. deal D. do up
2) _________ pollution is a serious problem to the human race.
A. What to deal with B. How to do with C. What to do with D. What to do 3) I have_________________________________________(很多信件要处理). 4)This book_______________________________________(论述古希腊). 【达标练习】 单选
1. ——What a beautiful day!
—— Yes, it’s ____ that I’d like to take a walk.
A. such nice weather B. so a nice weather C. too nice weather D. nice weather so 2. Last summer I took a course on ____ poisonous gases. A. how to deal with B. what to deal with C. how to be dealt with D. what to be dealt with
3. Today, he didn’t go to work as _______, for it is not a(n) ______ day.
A. common, usual B. usual, ordinary C. usual, normal D. common, ordinary 4. They have a lot________ and became good friends very soon. A. in common B. in case C. in surprise D. in interest 5. So large___________ that I couldn't believe it.
A. did my memory become B. my memory became C. my memory did become D. became my memory
6. As time________, she became more and more anxious about her son's safety. A. passing B. going by C. passed D. goes by 7. With the time________, our anxiety grew.
A. goes by B. going by C. has gone by D. had gone by 完成句子
1. This chair is ________________ (挡路了); please help me move it away.
2. ______________________________ (和多数英国人一样), he enjoys football. 3. It is very difficult_____________________________(对付那些吵闹的孩子).
4. What did you do with the letter? = ________ did you _______ _______the letter? 5. Since then, billions of people have used computers to deal with information.
= Since then, computers _____ _______ _______ ______ billions of people to deal with information.
6. With time going by, he becomes more and more intelligent.
________ time _______ ________, he becomes more and more intelligent.
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