1.注意主句与从句中时态的⼀致性
如果主句⽤了过去时,从句中⼀般也要⽤过去式,或者过去进⾏时、过去完成时等。例如:
He believed that he was right. 他相信⾃⼰是对的。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这⼉。 I thought they were with you. 我以为他们和你在⼀起。
2.在⼝语中, ⼀般过去时并不⼀定指真正的过去,⽽只是表⽰⼀种礼貌性语⽓。例如: I wondered (wonder) if you could do me a favor. 不知你可否帮我⼀个忙。 I wanted (want) to ask if I could borrow your car. 我想问问可否借⽤你的车。 I hoped (hope) you could (can) give me some advice. 我希望你能帮我出点主意。 Did (Do) you want to see me? 你想见我吗? 3.used to
used to 是⼀个词组,表⽰“过去曾经是……⽽现在已经停⽌了”的动作。例如: I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常⼀天⼲⼗四个⼩时。(⽽现在不这样了) I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。(⽽现在不在早晨散步了) ⼀般过去式⽤法:
(1)⼀般过去时表⽰在过去某个特定时间发⽣,也可以表⽰过去习惯性、经常性的动作。 ⼀般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去的事情。 句式:主语+动词过去式+宾语+其它
I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨,我跟茱莉雅说了⼏句话。
He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他没有戒烟的那阵⼦,抽烟抽得可凶了。
(2) ⼀般过去时常与表⽰过去的时间状语或从句连⽤,如:
yesterday,last week ,in the past ,in 1993,at that time,once,during the war,before,a fewdays ago,when 等等.
(句⼦中谓语动词是⽤⼀般过去时还是⽤现在完成时,取决于动作是否对现在有影响)。 Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗?(你现在不饿吗?) Yes,I have. 是的,我已经吃过了。(已经吃饱了,不想再吃了。)
When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的?(关⼼的是吃的动作发⽣在何时。) I had it about ten minutes ago. 我⼤约是⼗分钟以前吃的。) Used to do something 表⽰过去常做⽽现在已经停⽌了的习惯动作。 I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常⼀天⼲⼗四个⼩时。 I ate it at 6:45。我在六点四⼗五分吃了。
(3)带有确定的过去时间状语时,要⽤过去时。如:
yesterday(昨天)、two days ago…(两天前…… )、last year…(去年…)、the other
day(前⼏天)、
once upon a time(很久以前)、 just now(刚才)、in the old days(过去的⽇⼦⾥)、before liberation(解放前…)、
When I was 8 years old(当我⼋岁时…)、at+⼀个时间点 Did you have a party the other day?前⼏天,你们开了晚会了吗? Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷锋是个好战⼠。 注:在谈到已死去的⼈的情况时,多⽤过去时。
(4)表⽰过去连续发⽣的动作时,要⽤过去时。这种情况下,往往没有表⽰过去的时间状语,⽽通过上下⽂来表⽰。
The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died. 那男孩把眼睛张开了⼀会⼉,看看船长,然后就去世了。
(5)表⽰过去⼀段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always,never等连⽤。 Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去⽼是带着⼀把伞。 (只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞。) ⽐较:
Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太⽼是带着伞。 (说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着⼀把伞) Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太 总是带着⼀把伞。 (表⽰说话者对这⼀动作或⾏为厌烦) I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。 (不涉及到现在,不说明现在是否喝酒)
(6)如果强调已经终⽌的习惯时要⽤ used to do(过去常常做,⽽现在不那样做了) He used to drink alcohol.他过去喝酒。
(意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终⽌了) I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。 (意味着现在不在早晨散步了) ⽐较:
I took a walk in the morning.我曾经在早晨散过步。 (只是说明过去这⼀动作)
(7)有些句⼦,虽然没有表⽰过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发⽣的动作或存在的状态的话,也要⽤过去时。
I didn''t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。
(因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能⽤过去时表⽰。实际上,这句话暗指:But now I know you are here.) I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。
(这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病) ⼀般过去时三变技巧:
⼀变:肯定句变为否定句
技巧1.当句中含有情态动词或助动词could,would,should等时,可直接在其后⾯加not构成否定句。例如:
I could get you a concert ticket. → I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket. 技巧2.当句中含有系动词was,were 时,可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如: I was on the Internet when you called me. → I was not / wasn't on the Internet when youcalled me.
技巧3.当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在该动词之前加did not / didn't,动词还原,构成否定句。例如:
The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. → The famous singer did not / didn't singany Chinese songs.
⼆变:陈述句变为⼀般疑问句
技巧1.移动词语的位置。将was,were, could,would,should等移到句⾸。例如: He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself?
技巧2.添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在主语之前加did,动词还原。例如:
Mr Li looked very old. → Did Mr Li look very old? 三变:陈述句变为特殊疑问句
技巧1.确定疑问词:⼈who / whom,物what,地点where,时间when / what time,原因why,频率how often,长度how long,距离how far等等。例如: They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert?
技巧2.辨认结构形式:疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+...? 例如: The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen?
因篇幅问题不能全部显示,请点此查看更多更全内容