您的当前位置:首页高中英语语法名词 冠词 代词

高中英语语法名词 冠词 代词

2021-08-07 来源:小侦探旅游网


I.名词的定义

名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:

desk time life book room honesty worker pencil computer Ⅱ.名词的分类

1.名词分为专有名词和普通名词: .

专有名词:表示具体的人、事物、地点或机构的专有名称。如:Asia;Washington,English,the United Nations, WTO, WHO.

2. 普通名词:表示某些人、某类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。如: teacher;tea, peace, weapon(武器)。 普通名词又可进一步分为四类: 1)个体名称:表示单个的人和事物。

horse , car, room ( 房间 ), apple, fan 风扇 picture. 2)集体名称:表示一群人或一些事物的名称。

people (人们) family army team, group

3)物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 steel;air, water ,milk, ink, gold, sugar.

4)抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质或其他抽象概念。. health, life, friendship, patience 2.名词又可分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词: 有单、复数之分,表示一个或多个。 a book一本书;two books两本书。

不可数名词:抽象名词、物质名词和专有名词一般不可数。

有少数名词既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但含义不同。

paper纸 a paper 报纸 glass 玻璃 a glass 玻璃杯; wood 木头 woods 树林 iron 铁 an iron 熨斗 room 空间 a room 房间 chiken 鸡肉 a chicken 小鸡 lamb羊肉 a lamb 羊 work 工作 a work 著作/工艺品 youth青春 a youth (男)青年 relation 关系 a relation 亲属 power 威力/电力a power大国 beauty 美 a beauty 美人/美的东西 fire 火 a fire 炉火 hair 总称头发 a hair 一根头发 water 水 waters 水 sand 沙 sands 沙滩

light 光lights 灯光 kindness 好意 kindnesses 几件好事 knowledge知识 a good knowledge of English精通英语

custom 风俗 customs 海关 spirit 精神 spirits 酒精,情绪 time 时间times 时代 tea 茶 a well-known tea 一种名茶 pleasure 高兴 a pleasure 高兴的事

Ⅲ.名词的数 1.不可数名词

1)不可数名词一般没有单、复数之分,包括专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词。如: health,advice,glass,wood,English,America

2)表示学科名称的以.ics结尾的名词常用作单数。如:

mathematics,physics,politics.

3)某些以一s。结尾指单一事物的专有名词常用作单数。如: the United States,the United Nations 2.可数名词

可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词,有单、复数形式。复数 名词构成方法如下:

1)一般情况在名词后加-s,在清辅音(s, , 除外)后读[s], 在浊辅音( , , 除外)后读[z],在s,z, ,t,d 等辅音后读[iz]。 如:desks,days,classes

2)以-S.-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词后加-es,读作[iz]。 如:

bus--buses,watch--watches,box---boxes,brush--brushes 但是stomach---stomachs

3)以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词后加-es,读作[z]。如: hem--herocs,tomato--tomatoes

但不少以-o结尾的外来词,变复数时只加_s如: radio--radios。photo---photos,piano---pianos

有些以-o结尾的名词有两种复数形式。如: zero---(zeroes),volcano--volcanos(volcanoes)火山

但以-oo结尾的名词后只加一s。如: l bamboo--bamboos,zoo----z00s

4)以f或fe结尾:

(1)改f或fe为v再加.es。如:

calf,loaf,half,leaf,sheaf,thief,self,shelf,life,wife,knife… (2)直接在后面加_s如:

belief,proof,chief,roof,grief,safe(保险箱),gulf,serf… (3)少数单词两种方法均可。如:

scarf(围巾),wharf(码头),handkerchief(手帕)…

5)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词要变y为i,再加es,如: family--families.Factory--factories

注意:①这种结尾的专有名词,变复数只加-s,如:two Marys.②以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,变复数直接加一s。如: holiday--holidays. 3.单复数的习惯用法:

1)一些名词的复数形式是不规则的。如: man---men woman---women foot---feet tooth---teeth

ox,---oxen 公牛 sheep---sheep 绵羊 mouse—mice 老鼠 goose---geese 鹅 child--children

2)某些名词通常只用单数形式。

特别是表示物质和抽象概念的名词。 (1)常见的物质名词主要有:

water 水 fire 火 earth土 wood 木 brick砖 glass玻璃

coal 煤 cotton棉花 steel钢 silver 银 copper铜 iron 铁 cloth 布paper纸 money钱

smoke 烟 grass 草 wind风 rain 雨 snow雪 aIr 空气 oxygen 氧气 ice 冰 chalk粉笔 coffee 咖啡 sugar糖tea 茶

soup 汤 fruit 水果 SWeat汗 soap 肥皂 ink 墨水 oil 油

salt 盐 meat 肉 food 食物 rice 大米 wheat小麦 milk牛奶 bread 面包 butter奶油 stone石头 (2)常见的抽象名词主要有:

pollution 污染 information 信息 work 工作 advice 建议 knowledge知识 necessity 必要性 fun 乐趣 youth 青春 beauty 美 importance 重要性 news 消息 traffic 交通 happiness 幸福 baggage行李 relation 关系education教育 progress 进步 victory 胜利 democracy 民主 注意:hair和fruit通常只用单数,表示总体。 Eg1 Her hair is black.她的头发乌黑。

Eg2 Fruit is expensive these days.水果近来很贵。

但是,表示若干根头发、若干种水果时,则需要用这两个词的复数形式。如: eg3 She had a few white hairs.她有一些白头发。 Eg4 He likes pears,peaches and otherjuicy fruits. 他喜欢梨、桃和其他多汁的水果。 3)某些名词通常只用复数形式。

(1) glasses,clothes,trousers,boots,shoes,.socks,shorts(短裤)等名词,通常

与动词的复数形式连用。

Eg: My glasses need(不用needs)repairing. 我的眼镜需要修理。

Eg: His trousers are(不用is)getting too small round the waist. 他的裤子腰围显得太小了。

注意:上述名词除clothes外,都可用some和a pair of修饰。

(2)physics,politics,mathematics等名词,作为学科名称常和动词单数连用。 (3)部分名词的复数形式表示特别的意思。如: papers 文件,证件 looks 外貌 times 时代 greens 青菜 custmas关税,海关 goods 货物 works 著作 drinks 饮料 nlannel礼貌 brains 头脑 sands 沙滩 forces 军队 minutes 记录 grounds 围院 damages赔偿费 imports 进口货物 thanks 感谢 ashes 灰烬

注意:

behind time过期,过时;behind the times不合时宜,落伍。 4)集合名词

一般来说,集合名词只以单数形式出现。常见的集合名词有:family,police,cattle,team,people,government,company,village, class,group,dub,audience(观众),public(公众),crew(全体船员)等。

当这些名词作主语时,若表示一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若表示集合体的每一个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。

Eg: 1.His family is going to have a longjourney. 2.The whole family are watching TV.

3.The government has welcomed the proposal 政府接受了这项建议。 4.The government are discussing the proposal. 政府(官员们)正在讨论这项建议。 注意:

(1)police和cattle后面的谓语动词总是用复数形式。如: Many cattle are kept.饲养了很多牲畜。

Several thousand police were on duty.几千名警察在执勤。 (2)people当集合名词用时,后面的谓语动词总是用复数形式。如: Some people are very inquisitive.有些人很爱管闲事。

但是people作“民族”解时,是可数名词,有复数形式。如: the peoples 0f Asia亚洲各民族

a brave and diligent people勇敢而勤劳的民族

(3)population使用情况类似集合名词的一般用法。如:

The population in China is very large,and eighty percent of the population of China are farmers.

5)合成名词的复数形式因词而异

(1)合成名词的复数形式通常是只将里面所包含的主体名词变为复数就行了。如: looker-on lookers-on旁观者

grand-child grand-children孙儿,孙女 rnan-at-arms men-at-arms军人 son-in-law sons-in-law女婿

editor-in-ehief editors-in-ehief总编辑

(2)如果合成名词没有主体名词,就只在最后一个词上加复数词尾。如: go-between go-betweens中间人 ‘ grown-up grown-ups成人 drawback drawbacks缺陷

(3)由man和woman作定语构成的合成名词,里面所含的成分,全部要变为复数。如: a man teacher men teachers男老师 a woman doctor women doctors女医生

6)字母、文字、数字、符号等的复数形式通常在其后加’s,如: Don’t use too many and’s and if’s. Her 3’s look like 8’s

All the “’s”should be changed to“△’s”.

7)易混辨异

(1)a number of+名词复数”作主语,谓语动词用复数+ the number of+名词复数,,作主语,谓语动词用单数。 Eg1 A numberof students arefromtheNorth.

Eg2 The number 0f the students who spent the summer holidays in the countryside was 45.

(2)many a+单数名词 作主语时,谓语用单数。 more than one+单数名词 动词用单数。 Eg: Many a student has seenthis painting.

More than one teacher has been to England.

(3)a large(great,good)quantity of+ n.谓语动词用单数。. large(great,good)quantities 0f+ n 谓语动词用复数。

Eg A large quantity of birds was saved by the farmers. Large quantities 0f water were needed for irrigation. … half 0f.名词作主语时,谓语动词与+。 part 0f 与后面的名词保持一致。”

the rest 0f half of

some/most of

Eg Most of his spare time was spent in reading.

Half 0f the apples are left on the table.

(5)dozen,score,hundred,thousand,miliion等在表示确定数时,不加s;表示不定数目时,则加-s,与0f连用。如: three hundred(thousand,million)people(students)300(3 000,3 000 000)人(学生) scores of times很多次

thousands 0f workers数以千计的工人

six dozen (Sogre) pencils 6打(120支)铅笔 a few(several)hundred(thousand)doctors

(6)由形容词加定冠词变成的名词性形容词,若该词指一类,通常看作复数 @The young are usually very active. 青年人总是充满朝气。

④The old are well looked after by the government. 政府把老年人照顾得很好。 4.名词的格 1)’s式所有格 ’s所有格的构成:

(a)在词尾加’s,如:Marx’s book (b)当原词有表复数的s结尾,只在词尾加’即可,如:the teachers’reading room.但无s结尾的复数名词也是加’s,如:the Children's Palace

(c)以s结尾的专有名词,其所有格可加’s,也可只加’,如: Dickins's(或Dickins’)o

注意:’s所有格主要用于生物名词,有时也可用于表时间、城市、国家、机关、地名等的名词,如:yesterday's news。 (2)0f短语式所有格

0f短语式所有格修饰前面的名词,表示两个名词之间的所属关系,多用于无生命名词,如:

the bi删football game of theyear;the IXll\"l~el\"d妇nxlowo (3)双重所有格 ‘

of+’s式所有格(或人称代词的名词性所有格)修饰前面的名词,这种结构叫名词的双重所有格。使用双重所有格应注意:

q30f前的名词一定要有冠词、数词、不定代词、指示代词之类的修饰语,(one和the除外),如:a novel 0f Lu Xun’s。 ②0f后面的名词必须是特定的,如:

a hook 0f my Mend’s,不说a book 0f a certain friend’so ③0f后面的名词必须是指人的,如:

0f Tom’s,不说of the book’s。·鳓⑩·*w~Who told you that? ’一lt’s a friend 0f your——.一lf that,It’s not the friend 0f my——. A.mother;mother B.mother’s;mother's

C.mother;mother’s D.mother's;mother 5.名词的性

英语名词如果从生物学的自然性别角度来分析,可分为四种性,阳性、阴性、通性和中性。一般来说绝大多数名词没有性的词性变化形式。英语名词大部分都是中性的。对于一些代表性的英语名词,则用不同的英语名词来表示,而不是用一个词的词形变化来表示。如: 阳性:表示男人或雄性动物的名词有,father,啪,bDy,actor, waiter,hero; 阴性:表示女人或雌性动物的名词有,mother,wom81\"l,girl, actress,waitress,heroine; .

通性:表示某一类别的名称,而不强调性别,如: children,baby,friend,animal,fish;

中性:表示无生命的物质名称和抽象名称,如: desk,pen,chair,驮mo 6.名词作定语 1)名词所有格

例:Jack’s pen,teachers'office(这种形式多用在人之后) 2)of短语

例:a map 0f China;

of+名词所有格或名词性物主代词可构成双重所有格,表示部分概念。 例:Heis a friend of my brother's.他是我兄弟的朋友中的—位。 3)名词+名词 ,

(1)表材料的名词作定语,说明被修饰的名词是什么原料制成的。 stone figures 石像 paper money 纸币 diamond necklace钻石项链 gold medals 金牌

(2)表示地点的名词作定语,说明被修饰的名词存在或发生的地点。 country music 乡村音乐 post office 邮政局 table cloth 桌布 citylife 城市生活

school education 学校教育 government office政府机关 (3)表示用途、性质的名词作定语。

coffee cups 咖啡杯 book stores 书店

sports shoes 运动鞋 food factory 食品工厂

traffic lights 交通灯

(4)表具体的时间名词作定语,则要用所有格结构来表达。

today's newspapex 今天的报纸 yesterday’s news 昨天的消息

an hour’s drive 开车一小时的路程 7.名词作状语

1)表示时间的名词前面有one/scxne/this/that/last/next/ev— ery/all等词修饰时,前面不再加介词,独立作状语。 eg ①He kept writing all day.

②She will goto Shanghai next week.

2)在比较级的形容词或副词,及too… 之前的名词,是副词性的 eg 1 He got up an hour too late this morning. 2.I arrived at the airport an hour earlier. 3) a (=per)+ 名词,之前有表示数量的词时 eg twice a week three times a day

4)表示时间的名词修饰其后的ago,since,before,after,week, month等词时,则是副词性的名词。

I happened to meet her two days ago

冠词

I.冠词的定义 一

冠词(Articles)是一种虚词,本身不能独立使用,通常放在一个名词的前面,帮助说明该名词的含义。英语中的冠词有两种,一是定冠词the,一是不定冠词a/an a university an umbrella a European country an example a one-act play anhour a house an honest boy a worker Ⅱ.定冠词的用法

1.定冠词用在名词前,the与this,that同源,表示“这个”或“那个”.表示特指,即某个特定的人、事物等。特别是当某名词后面有定语限定这一名词时,名词前面一般都要用定冠词the。如:

(1)We have found the book that we lost yesterday. 我们已经找到了昨天丢的那本书

②Do you know the man standing by the window? ’ 你认识那个站在窗户旁边的人吗? 2. 用于单数名词前,指一类

eg1 The lion is a wild animal.

2 The wolf hunts by night.狼夜间出来觅食。 3.指世界上独一无二的事物。如: The earth , the moon, the sun. the world the sky,the universe,the atmosphere(大气层)

4. 用于乐器名称前。

the violin小提琴t he piano钢琴

5.用在形容词前,表示一类人或事物。

The poor穷人the blind盲人the aged老人 the impossible不可能的事情

6.用于构成形容词或副词的比较级和最高级形式。 ①He runs the fastest.

②ls this the best choice he can make? 这是他能做出的最好的选择吗? 7.用在某些专有名词前。

1)在江河、山脉、海洋、湖泊、群岛的名称前: the Changjiang River- 长江 the Yellow River 黄河

the Himalayas 喜马拉雅山脉 the Rhine 莱茵河

the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 the Taiwan Strait 台湾海峡 theRedSea 红海 the Salt Lake 盐湖

the Nansha Islands 南沙群岛 the Persian Gulf 波斯湾 2)在含有普通名词的专有名词前:

the People’s Republic of China中华人民共和国 the Communist Party of China 中国共产党 the Warring States Period 战国时代

the Great Wall 长城 the Tang Dynasty 唐朝 the White House 白 the Peace Hotel 和平饭店 the People's Daily《人民日报》 the Times 《泰晤士报》 3)在姓氏的复数形式前,指一家人:

The Greens are sitting at table.格林一家正在吃饭。 8.用在许多习惯用语中:

in the morning/afternoon/evening on the left/right 在左边/右边 on the other hand另一方面 in the end 最后,终于 at the backof 在……后边 by the way 顺便说 in the day-time 在自天

on the whole 大体上,总的看来 go to the cinema去看电影 Ⅲ.不定冠词的用法

1.不定冠词a表示“一”这一概念时,意思与one相似。 ①There's a penonthedesk.桌子上有一支钢笔。

但是,除表示“一”这一数量外,很多情况下a与可数名词一 起表示一类事物或者泛指概念。 ②I need a pencil now.

我现在需要(一)支铅笔。(不确指哪支铅笔)

③We can’t say a boy is cleverer than a girl. 我们不能说男孩比女孩聪明。(表示类别)

2.不定冠词在表示“一”的概念时,是非强调性的。如果强调“一”这一数量,常常用one。

①National Dayis a two-day holiday. 国庆节是(一)个两天的假日。

②We have only one day left to finish the task. 我们只剩下一天时间来完成这个任务o

3.不定冠词用在表示数量、时间等名词前,表示“每一(单位)……的价格、速度、顺序等”。

①The apples are two yuan a kilogram· 这些苹果每公斤两元钱 ②Tom drives a car at 60 miles an hour. 汤姆以每小时60英里的速度开车

③I go back home once a month.我每月回家一次。 4.不定冠词用于单数可数名词前,泛指人的职业、国籍、宗 教等。

①He is a Christian.他是基督教徒。 ②My friend,Asaku,is a Japanese.

③He was a teacher in thepast.But he is a businessman now· 过去他是教师,但现在他是生意人o

5.不定冠词用在人名或表示人的名词前,表示不确定性,即 说话人不清楚或没有指明所提到的人到底是谁。 ①A Smith called you just . 刚才一个叫史密斯的人给你打电话。

②A comrade is waiting for you outside. 一个同志在外面等你。

6.不定冠词用于be of a(aJl)+n.结构中,表示“相同……的”。 ①Tom and his sister are of a height. 汤姆和他的妹妹身高相同。

②These sweaters are of a size.这些毛衣大小相同。

7.不定冠词用于固定结构quite/half/rather/many/what/ such a(an)+”.或so/too/bow+adj.+a(an)+n中,表示程度、 数量或感叹等。

①It takes half an hour to get there. ②He is quite a famous artist.

③Many a man would welcome such an opportunity. 许多人会很高兴有这样一个机会。 ④What a fool he is!他多傻啊!

⑤It’s too difficult a problem for him. 对他来说,这是一个太难的问题。 8.不定冠词的习惯用法。 a bit of 一点儿、少许 a pi∞e 0f 一块(条、个等)

alot of 许多 in a hurry 匆忙 go for a walk 散步

have a drink 0f 喝一点…… have(got)a cough (患)咳嗽 leave amessage 留话 in a word 简言之 as a rule 惯例

do sb.a favour 帮忙 as a whole 总之

in a way 在某种程度上 of a size 大小相同 make a living 谋生 in a day or two 一两天

take a walk(break,bath,seat) 散步(休息、洗澡、就座) take an interest in… 对……感兴趣

at a bad time of year 在全年中不好的时节里 take a photo 拍张照片;照像

9.用在描写自然现象的名词前,表示“一阵、一场、一种”等。如: a snow一场雪 a shower一阵雨 a fog 一场雾 a rain 一阵雨

10.用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍:是什么样的人,是什 么样的事物。如:

①This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这个小女孩给她父母带来乐趣。

②We think it an honour to be invited to your country. 我们被邀访问贵国是很荣幸的。

③He did me a great kindness.他给我帮了一个大忙。

Ⅳ.零冠词的用法

1.名词在句中作表语、同位语时,当它所表示的职位、头衔等是独一无二的,则不用冠词。

①Prof.Smith was appointed dean of Foreign Language Department.史密斯教授被任命为外语系主任。

②Billy Standford,chairman of the committee,left for Hong Kong yesterday. 比利·斯坦福特,委员会的主席,昨天启程去了香港。

以上的“主任”、“主席”都只有一个;如果这一职位不是惟的,则要用不定冠词。 2.表示季节、月份、星期的名词,如果没有限制性定语,或者 不表示某一特定时间,前面不用冠词。

①If winter comes,can spring be far behind? 冬天到了,春天还会远吗?

②Our summer vacation is from Julyto August. 我们的暑假是从七月到八月。

③We have no class on Friday.我们星期五没有课。

3.在三餐饭和球类运动、棋类运动的名称名词前: ①I like rice for supper.我晚饭爱吃米饭。 ②Do you play—foot—ball?你踢足球吗? ③Let’s go andwatchthem play—chess. 让我们去看他们下棋去。

4.在某些固定词组里的名词前:

go to school/bed at home/school at night/noon/midnight by day by bus/train/plane/bike on foot

from morning till night day and night hand in hand face to face from fatherto son side by side in time in danger

5.易混辨异:在有些词组中,有冠词和没冠词其含义是不同 的。如:

go to school上学 goto college上大学

go to the school到学校去 go to the college到学院去 goto church做礼拜 gotothe church到教堂去 in hospital住院 in prison坐牢

in the hospital在医院 in the prison在监狱(工作) take place发生 takethe placeof代替

at table吃饭 at the table在桌子旁边(美语中也指吃饭) out 0f problem(question)不成问题 out 0f the problem(question)不可能 four 0f us我们当中的四个人 the four of us我们四个人都 in front 0f在……前面

in the front of在……(内部的)前部 0n earth到底、究竟 0n the earth在地球上

经典解析

【例1】The sign reads“In case 0f——Me,break the glass and push——red button.” [2003年全国高考26题] A·不填;a B.不填;the C.the;the D.a;a

【解析】选B。句意为“牌子上写道:万一有火灾,打碎玻璃,按红色按钮。” fire 1)火,火焰。不可数名词。set 0n fire放火;He set fire to the dry grass.他点燃了干草。 The grass caught fire.草燃着了。

1hegrassWaS 0nfirefor a shorttime.草烧了一会儿。 2)炉火;烽火。可数名词。

Therels afireinthefitting rooln.客厅里有炉火。 l\"ut somemore coal叽thefire.给炉火再添些煤。 red button前加定冠词进行限制。

【例2】I earn 10 dollars——hour as supermarket cashier on Saturdays· [2003年上海25题]

A.a;an B.the;a C.an;’a D.an;the

【解析】选c。10 dollars an hour意为“每小时10美元”;as a supermarket cashier意为“作为一位超市现金出纳员”。

【例3】“I don’t tKnk it’my——that the TV blew up.I just turned it 0n,that’s all\",said the boy. [2003年上海46题] A·鲫研 B.mistake C.fault D.duty 【解析】选c。同义词辨析试题 1)fault常用于责怪某人方面,如: ---Who broke the cup?谁把杯子摔了?

---It’s my fault,I dropped it.这是我的过错,我摔的。 That’s no fault of his.这不是他的过错。

The fault lies with me,not with you. 这是我的责任,不是你的责任。 2)mistake错误,指判断或理解上的错误,或因不思考和疏忽 而造成的错误。 He has made a mistake through cardessness. 他因不细心而犯了错误。 .

3)error错误,指任何错误的行为,不论严重与否,不论是疏忽 或故意,不论能否被宽恕,均可使用,如:

Everybody is liable to errors.人人都会犯错误。

【例4】Jumptng out 0f____airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _____exciting expeerience. [2002年全国高考]

A·/;the B./;an C.an;an D.the;the

【解析】选Co此题考查特定情景中定冠词和不定冠词的用 法。全句的意思为:从一万米高的飞机上跳下来完全是一种令人兴奋的经历。名词airplane和experience的定语都是修 饰性的不是限制性的,所以都应该用不定冠词。考生们在复习冠词这部分语法时,首先应该对它的最基本的用法牢固掌握。

【例5】One way to understand thousands 0f new words is to gain ____good knowledge of basic word formation. A./ B.the c.a D.one

解析】选c。此题考查冠词与一些名词的固定搭配。。

knowledge 0f…意为:了解,熟悉。考生们在掌握冠词的基本用法的同时,也要对一些常见的习惯搭配有所熟悉。

【例6】To regain their——after an exhausting game,the players layin thegrass. [2002年上海高考]

A·force B.energy c.power D.health

【解析】选Bo此题考查近义名词的辨析及习惯搭配。force 指对……施加力量;energy指物体本身所具有的能量、活力和精力;power指权力,动力;health指健康,与疾病相对比。通过辨析,我们可以知道只有energy才能用于此处,表示运动员们躺在草地上恢复体力。考生在记忆名词时要注意它的内涵和外延。

【例7】I don’t like talkillg 0ll——telephone;I prefer writing ——letters· [2002年全国高考]

A.a;the B.the;/ c.the;the D.a;/ 【解析】选B。此题考查冠询的一般用法和习惯搭配,在电话

中用“0n+the telephone”。在电视上用“0n tde~sion\";letters 是复数形式,泛指信的种类,其前不加冠词。

【例8】The cakes are delicious.He’d like to have____a third one because___second one is rathertoo small.[2002年上海高考] A·a;a B.the;the c.a;the D.the;a

【解析】选c。序数词前加a时,相当于another,表示不确定的语气,序数词前用the表示特指,具有确定的意味。

【例9】The life 0f London is made up 0f many different______. A.elements B.sections C.materials D.realities

【解析】选A。dements可表示“特色”,整个句子的意思是“伦敦的生活是由许多不同的特色构成的。”sections表示“段、部 分”,materials表示“材料”。realities表示“现实”

典型题精练

1._____news conference does not always offer____truthfulinformation[2003年济宁] A·/;/ B.The;/ C.A;the D.A;/

2·Though they are people 0f different sorts,they always buy dresses of _____ style.

A./;the B.the;a C./;a D.the;the

3.Mos tanimals have little connection with_____animals of different kind unless they kiIl them for food. [2003年烟台]

A.the;a B.the;the C./;a D.a:the

4.D0lly______sheep,the world’s first cloned(克隆的)animal,was

given___shot t0 end her life 0n Feb.14 because she was Suffering from a lung disease common in much older sheep.[2003年全国大联考] A./;a B.t}le;a C.a;the D.a;a

5.Drivers who listen to music on___road are more likdy t0 have ____accidents,a science magazine Said recendy. [2003年武汉]

A.a;the B.the;/ C./;/ D./:the

6·Thank you for sending us——fresh vegetahles 0f many kinds you have done us ____great service. [2003年南京]

A·/;a B.the;a C./;/ D.the;/

7.--Charley Oakley,_____NBA Al1-star,hasn’t missed____ game in the pastthree years.

一I can hardly believe“. 。 [2003年南通] A·an;a B.a;the C.the:a D.all;the

8.As_____unemployment is very high at the moment,it’s difficult for people to find____work. [2003年北京海淀] A·the;/ B./;/ C.an;the D.the;the

9.——British people always talk about weather. [2003年北京西城] A.The;the B./;/ C./;the D.The;/

10·Competition iS necessary for the development and advancement of a society and cooperation is important for the existence and ___of a society. [2003年北京朝阳]

A·value B.peace C.fortune,D.freedom

11·The workers 0fthe factory try heir best to produce high qnality

products in order to compete with other factories to take a larger_____in the market. [2003年北京朝阳]

A.sale B.business C.share D.Dan

12.If you want t0 see a doctor,you fix a date with him ahead 0f time.That is a common _______ in the USA.[2003年湖北八校] A.sense B.practice C.rule D.reality

13.Studies show that about two in one million in the Bungee jump might have__0f death. [2003年全国大联考]

A·adVentures B.chances C.periods D.cases 14.一$5,00l but that is my last offer. ---OK,it is a——. [2003年北京海淀] A·cost B.price C.reward D.deal

15.When Mr CousinS returned from his business trip,he got sick, because he had pushed his body t0 the____ of its strength on the trip· [2003年北京海淀] A·top B.degree C.pmblem D.1imit

16·As a resuIt 0f the heavy snow,the highway has been closed up until funher——. [2003年北京西城]

A·news B.information C.notice D.message 17.This shop sells____clothing.

A.child’s andv woman’s B.chi1dren and women’s C.chiIdren’s and women D.children’s and women’s 18.——have traveled in space-shipS already. A.Womenastronauts B.Women astronaut C.Woman astronauts D.Woman astronaut 19.The girl always wears besutiful ____ .

A·clothes B.cloth C.clothjng D.dress

20·lf these shoes are too big,ask him to bring you a small____ A:one B.suit C.pair D.ones 21.——it is to listen t0 music! A.How fun B.How a fun C.What a fun D.What fun

22.He is a——chiId,that is,he is a child ______ . A.three-years-old;three year 0ld B.three-years一0ld;three years 0ld C.three years old;three-year-0ld D.three-year-oJd:three years old 23.——little birds eat——many insects.

A.Such;S0 B.So;so C.Such;SUCh D.So;SUCh

24.The 01ympic Games are held once______ . A·every four years B.eaeh fourth year C·every-tour-year D.every four year 25.Their suggestions are 0f ______ . A·great value B.very valmble C.miteh valuable D.many value

26.——friends Betty had made there were all invited to her birthday party.

A.Few 0f B.Few C.The fewer D.A few 27.--Who did you spend last weekend with? A.Palmer’s B.The Palmers’ C.The Palmers D.The Palmer’s 28.The lady over there is ____ . A.Jane and Mary mother B.Jane and Mary’s mother C.Jane’sand Mary’s mother D.Jane’s and Mary mother

29. My younger sister is now on______diet. She is trying to lose weight A./;/ B.a;/ C.tha;an D.the;the 30.I want___secretary with___little knowledge of English

and ____experence of office rout nea.

A.a; a;the B.the;a;an C. a;a;/ D.the;the:/ 31.Abraham Lincoln,_______son 0f poor family,was born in Kentucky,USA,on Febmary 12th,1809.

A.the;the B.a;the C.a;a D.the;a

32.The house the fellow is painting belongs to______. A.the Tumers’ B.the Tumer’s C.the Turners D.Turners

33.She took her little girl by____and crossed the road. A.the hand B.her hand C.a hand D.hands

35.This is the third time I have failed,hut I’d like to try_____. A.the fourth time B.the fourth times C.a fburth time D.four times

36.Robin Hood is _____legendary hero that____Children learn about from ______ story books.

A.the;/;/ B.a;the;the C.a;/;/ D.the;/;the 37.--What was he before?

一He Was____medical worker before he turned _____ writer. A.a;the B.the;a C.the;/ D.a:/

38.Don’t worry too much about______mistakes.They’re_____ natural part 0f learning.

A./;a B.the;/ C./;the D.the;the

人 称 主格 单数 第一人称 I 第■人称 you , 复数 第三人称 第一人称 it 第二人称 you 第:人称 they he,she, we 代 词 宾格 me you it you .them, him,her, us 物 主 形容词性 my vour its your their his,her, our 翁 名词性 1Tllne yours his,hers, 01.11\"8 yours theirs itS 反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself oul'selv~ yourselves themselves 指示代词 相互 宾格 代词 所有格 this that each other one another each other’s one another's t}lese those 不 可数 不可数 each one many(a)few both another either neith~ much (a)little 定 代 词 可数、不可数 复合 不定代词 a11 some none such any other anylxxly anyone anything somebody$o~leone something nobody nothin~ everybody e研凹^me f!vprvthin盯 疑问代词 who whonl whose which what 连接代词 who(ever)W~::RTI(ever)whose(ever)which(ever)what(~ 关系代词 who whom whose which that as

Ⅱ.代词的功能 t } 1.人称代词 l

1)人称代词通常是主格用作主语,宾格用作动词或介词的l 宾语。如: i

①Sh___e has great concernfor堂.她很关心我们。 I ②They all like him very much.他们都很喜欢他。 l ③If 1 were her,1 would take the advice。 I 我要是她,就接受这个意见。 { 2)需要注意的问题 f

人称代词作表语时,位于句末,一般都用宾格,尤其在口语I 中更是如此。如: l

④--WhereisWangDong?王冬在哪儿? l

mThat’s him over there.他就在那儿。 l ⑤一Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门? I —It’S me。是我o I

⑥If 1 were him,1 would'go there with her.. 1 我要是他的话,我就和她一起去那儿。 l ⑦Heismore careful than{等:.、 1 . I—sne~—s)- I

但是在下面这种结构中,却常用主格。如: l ⑧It was she who did it.是她做了那件事。 l ⑨Itis坠whooften helpsAuntWang. I 是他常常帮助王大妈。 I

3)报刊的编辑和文章的作者,在发表观点时,常用we代表I I (同样地,用our代表my)。如: I

⑩We believe that China will make still greater progress. 1 我们相信中国将会有更大的发展。 I

⑩[n our opinion this is the best film of the year. } 我们认为这是今年最好的影片。 }

4)用she来代替国家、城市、船舶、飞机、大地、月亮等。如: l ⑩China will always do what—she has promised to do. 1 中国是说话算话的。 I

5)it可以用来代替小孩(child)和婴儿(baby)。如: I ⑩Th____e child.smiledwhen垂saw鸯mother. 1 ,I、弦日刭再宴卦竺T 1

⑩They saythere’sgoingto be another满 恕说今等又是个丰收年?灞斛

⑩You can’tlivewithout air andwat矗●…’ 离开空气和水,人就无法生存。

⑩Ifwe(you)leave a basin 0fwater outsidei

er,itwill soon be coveredwithice.如果在很冷媳 在外面,水面很快就会结上一层冰。 7)人称代词的词序。

英语中,当说话者(I和we)提到自己和别』 自己摆在最后一个位置,以表示谦虚和礼貌。如

⑩You,she and I pained the exam.我、你和女f 在承认错误或自我批评时,说话者有时把I 称之前。如:

⑥I and he are to blame.我和他都要受批评。

you and l是固定结构,即使在承认错误时,词序也不变化。、 如:

⑩You and I are tO blame.我和你都要受批评。 8)人称代词的指代错误和遗漏。

在并列句或从句内,或者在连贯的两个简单句里,后一个句 子的人称代词应该跟它指代的那个名词在人称和数上取得一 致,同时也要避免人称代词的遗漏。如:

①It is required by law that a husband.have to paythe debts 0f ,r A

his wife—un—til formal notice is西yen—th—at he n0 longer has B C to pay her.。 D

这个句子中的D是错的,应改为t0 pay th锄。’

句子译文是:法律规定,丈夫必须为其妻清偿债务,一直到 他接到正式通知不必再偿付时为止。 ·⑩贼·

日一You must g0 to COVer the event in Iraq.

--——?Don’t you know the war is going 0n there? A.Me B.I C.Mine D.You 2.物主代词

1)形容词性物主代词作定语,名词性物主代词可作主语、宾 语和表语。如:

①How many teachers are there in your school?(定语)

②His roomisonthethirdfloor and hers逸0nthefifth.(主语) ③l’ve finished my homework.Have you finished yours? (宾语)

④Heis aJloldfriend 0fmine.(介词宾语) ⑤Whose book is this?It’s his.(表语) 2)需要注意的问题

(1)如果名词前面有其他定语,物主代词要放在其他定语的 前面,如:

⑥旦鎏理烨brother is a doctor.他弟弟是医生。 ⑦Where-S my red pencil?我的红铅笔在哪里?

(2)和all,both连用时,物主代词要放在它们的后面。如: ⑧I ate aIl my food.我的东西都吃完了。 ⑨Both his elder brothersareinthe army. 他的两个哥哥都在部队里服役。 (3)物主代词的误用。

形容词性的物主代词在句子中作定语,但要避免人称和数 的误用。请找出下列句子中的错误:

⑩—Tose 0f uS who work m that chmaical plant have—th—eir lungs X-rayed·,,我们当中夸聱螫巧粤工作的人应做肺部透视。

这里的物奎代罚墓l旨托,{hose 0f世(我们中的一些人),have 崤漆潘鞫鞲阚黼瞬涌稚繇透视)。所以本题的D.thek应改为 ⑩The groupiswaitingon—th—eir plane虫Beijing. 那个小组在去北京的飞机上等候。

集合名词group应看作单数,所以本题的C.their应改为itS。 名词性物主代词在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语,不要误用 形容词性的物主代词。如:

⑩Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin 0f theirS

凯特和她姐姐还有她们的堂弟一块度假。

对anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody应根据上下文来判 断该用his或her,也可使用their。如:

0Everybodymust have~一theirawn choice. 每一个人都应有他自己的选择。 ·⑩蜘·

可If anyone happenst0 call while I arn—out—ofthe office,pleaSe have A B

—the—mleave amessage—for—me.(改错) C ‘ D

但是each,every,many a修饰两个用and连接的单数名词 时,物主代词用}lis或her。如:

@Everyteacher andpupil atEtonGirls’Collegeisproud 0fher sch001.伊顿女子学校的每个师生都为她们的学校感到自豪。 ·@蜘·

~--Wb.at do you think 0f Bob?

一He-s always thinking the factory——. A.his B.hisone C.him D.himself 3.反身代词

1)反身代词一般作宾语、表语、同位语。

①The Orl is old enough幻lcok after herself. ②Today I锄not quite well myseJf.今天我不舒服。 ③I mysdf did it.

④One should notliveforoneself/hlmself. 固定词组:

foroneself(亲自、为自己),0foneself(自动的), byoneself(独自、单独),helponeself to(请便), make yourself at honle(别客气)。 2)注意的几个问题

(1)oneself也是一个反身代词,用法和其他反身代词相同。 如:

⑤One shouldnotlivefor趔oneself alone.人不能只为自己活着。 。<2)“形容词性物主代词+洲”如:

myo帅,your own,his OV~TI等,也可以表示强调或反身的意 义。如:

⑥It吣my own idea.那是我自己的意见。

⑦She cooks—her—own breakfast and supper,but usually has her dinner in the dining loom.

她自己做早饭和晚饭,而午饭一般在食堂吃。 ⑧I saw it with my own eyes.我亲眼看见的。

3)作名词或代词的同位语,用来加强语气,表示“本人”或 “亲自”之类的意思。如:

⑨I myself did it.这件事是我自己做的。 ⑩You’d better ask the nurse yourself. 你最好亲自去问护士。

(比较:You’d better ask the nurSe herself.你最好问护士本 人。) ·⑩蜘·

Everyone can n~ake——at horrle here.

A.thorn B.himself C.themself D.themselves 4.指示代词

1)this,that,these,those的用法:

(1)在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。如: ①一Thisismy pen.(主语) ②Db youwantthis?(宾语)

③—Th—at book-s nline.(定语) ④~/l'mt 1 wantisthis.(表语)

(2)this(these)一般用来指时问和空问上较近的人或物;而 that(those)常指时间和空间上较远的人或物。如: ‘⑤~Thisb a pell and堂is a pencil. . ⑥—Th—ese days We are very busy.

(3)this(these)一般指后面要讲到的事物;而that(those)常指 前面讲过的事物。如:

⑦What he told new is些:he wanted to∞t0~iing.

⑧He didn’t(x)loll.e.That迅why he didn’t know. (4)that(those)常用来指前面提到过的名词。如:

⑨This book is not s0 interesting 8s蝤I read yesterday.(that 代替the book)

2)such的用法:

(1)such一般在句中作定语和主语。如: ⑩—Su—chismy al'iSvvt~.(主语)

⑩I have never seen—such beautiful nowers.(定语) (2)such用作定语时,它所修饰的名词前的不定冠词a(a11) 应放在such之后。如:

⑩He.s—stlch—aninteresting pers帆. 3)~krne的用法:

呲可用作定语、主语、表语和宾语;黜前必须加the。 如:

⑩1 went there 0n—the s—ameday.(定语)

⑩—The—N~iTIe can be said oftheother city.(主语) ⑩What 1 want t0 say.s—the s—ame.(表语) 。0I’U do—the s—imile.(宾语) ·@蜘·

~'This kind 0f disease is Inol~destructive than 0f 1984. A.one B.that C.those D.this 5.相互代词

eachother,one another在句子中作宾语,如作定语,须在后 面加…s”。如:

①We should help each other.

②They knowone another'sweak point. ·⑩鳓·

盱He and his brother are as tall as .

.A.each 0fthem B.themselves C.eachother D.each other~$ 6.疑问代词

疑问代词有who,whom,whos~,what和which等,常用于特 殊疑问句中,一般放在句首,并在句中作某一句子成分,可作主 语、宾语、表语和定语。如:

①—Wh—ois going t0 speak t0 1=ls tomorrow?(主语) (D堕丛d0 you usually haveforlunch?(宾语) ③—Wh—om are you talking about?(宾语)

④Wha.t is the matter?Don’t y∞feel well?(表语)

⑤—Wh—ose umbrella is this?(定语)

7.关系代词和连接代词的用法将在从句部分中介绍。 8.不定代词

不定代词具有名词和形容词的性质,并有可数与不可数的 区别。不定代词的种类较多,用法各异。下面分别进行介绍。

1)one,some与any的用法

one可以泛指任何人,还可以在形容词和that,this等词后代 替刚提过的可数名词,其复数形式为ones,可用作主语和宾语: one's是它的物主代词形式,可用作定语;oneself是它的反身代词 形式,可用作宾语。~KR-ne和any通常用作定语,都可用来修饰可 数与不可数名词、单数或复数名词。some用于单数名词前,表示 “某一”。som。e用于数词前,表示“大约”。some一般用于肯定句,

any多用于疑l口J、古足旬甲。如: ①I have some books. ②Have you any books?I don’t have any books. ③This film is not as good as the one I saw yesterday. ④One shouldwashoneself regularly. 注意:some可用于表示邀请或请求、预期的答案是肯定的、 或鼓励对方给予一个肯定的答复的问句。如: ⑤Would you like some bananas?(邀请) ⑥Could you let me have so/ne coffee?(请求) 2)both,either,neither的用法 t both,either,neither都是表示两个人或物,可用作主宾、宾语 和定语。both两者都肯定,neither两者都否定,either肯定其中 之一。 q卜Shall I sit at this end 0f the boat or the other end? 一If you keep still,you can sit at either end. ⑧--Which 0f the two dresses will you take? 一I’U take both,to give me a change sometimes. ⑨I invitedTomandAnn todinner,but neither 0fthem CalTle. 3)all,none的用法 (1)a1I和none都是指三个或三个以上的人或物。a11全体, 肯定;none全体,否定。 (2)all作主语,指人时看作复数;指物时看作单数。none作 主语时常看作单数(也可看作复数)。 , (3)aJl用于否定句表示部分否定。 ①All goeswell.(一切正常) ⑩None 0fthefoodis delicious. ⑩--Wholikesmusic best amongthem? 一I think none 0f them like(1ikes)music. 4)every,each的用法 each表示的“每个”是着重从个体来讲,every只能作定语。 @—Ea—ch ofthem did his best. 他们每一个人都尽了最大的努力。 @~Eachworker hashisown bench. 每个工人都有自己的工作台。 ⑩如gave every patient the 8~Tle medicine. 他给所有的病人同样的药。 ⑩The nurse gavethe childrentwo appleseach. 阿姨给了每个孩子两个苹果。 ⑥Every minute is important t0 us. ·每一分钟对我们都是重要的。

注意:

(1)every和all的区别:every与单数名词连用,aIl与复数名 词以及与物质和抽象名词连用;all考虑的是把许多人或事物看 作一个整体,而every考虑的是组成这一整体的许多个别的人或 事物。如:

⑩叁出the students have come.所有的学生都来了。 ⑩Every student has COITIe.每个学生都来了。 ④趔the glasses were broken. 所有的玻璃杯子全部被打破了。 ①Every glass WaS broken. . 每个玻璃杯子都被打破了。

(2)every little while每隔一会儿 everyother day 每隔一天 everythree days 每三天 every four weeks 每四周 every ten miles 每十英里 5)one,it,that的用法

(1)为避免同一名词重复,我们常用one或it来代替前面提 到的某个单数名词。代替的名词是a+n.。it所代替的是前面 提到的那件特指的事物。如:

④I bought a newpen yesterday,and I gave it幻my sister. 昨天我买了一支新钢笔,我把它送给我姐姐了。

(2)one所代替的是前面提到的同类事物,但不是同一件。 也就是it是同名同物,one是同名异物。

(3)that通常用来代替不可数名词,有时也可代替单数可数 名词。它一般代替的名词是the+n.,具有特指含义。如: @The 006t 0f 0il.Slessthanthat 0fgas.

@I prefer the climate of the South t0 that 0f the North. ·嘲⑩·

留q)--Who has a dictionary.children? 一I have——.

A.it B.this C.one D.so

②If you need a robber,I’n lend you . A.Some B.one C.another D.theone

③一Pleaselistentome,everyone.Who has a radio? 一I have here.

A·one B.it C.this D.that ④--Do you want this big apple? 一No”want the small——.

A.it B.that C.one D.this 6)which,what的用法

what用于对未知事物提问,which用于必须作出某种特定的 选择时。which后可以跟0f,而what则不可。如: ④Whatcolour do youwant?你想要什么颜色? ④Whichcolour do youwant。red 0r blue? 你想要哪一种颜色,红色还是蓝色?

⑤Which 0f the films did you like best? 你最喜欢哪一部电影?

7)many,much,a few,few,a little,little的用法

many,a few,few用于可数名词;much,a little,little用于不可

数名词;a few,a little在意义上是肯定的;few,little在意义上是否 的;many,much主要用在疑问句和否定句中,也常用在肯定句 的句首。作定语、主语、宾语等。

囝Many hands m8ke~ight work.人多好办事。

@There is not much water there.那儿的水不多。 ④Could l have a few words with you? 我和你谈几句话行吗?

①I havefewfriends except yOU. 除了你以外,我没有几个朋友。

@Theywent 0nwiththeirwork after alittle rest. 他们休息一会儿之后又继续工作。 ④一lsthere anywater?有水吗?

一There-S little. 几乎没有了。

@I have brought a few(a little)with me. 我带来了几个(一点儿)。

@Much has been said.大家已说了很多。 固Do they take much interest in it? 他们对此很有兴趣吗?

⑦We haven’built many houses this year. 我们今年未建许多房子。 注意:

much,little,a little在下面句子中用作状语: @This lesson iS much easier than the last. 这一课比前一课容易得多。

@He doesn’t swim much.他不常游泳。 ④You rest too little.你休息得太少了。

④I shall rest a little nOW.我现在要歇一会儿了。 @This is little better than that. 这个并不比那个好多少。

@This is a little better than that.这个比那个好一些。 8)other,another的用法

other指其余的人或物,它的复数形式是others,所有格是

other's和others’。other在句中作主语、宾语和表语。other与定 冠词连用,即the other指“两个中的另一个”,the others指“一定 范围内的其余的”。other.others是泛指“别的……”。

another指至少有三个以上的另外任何一个,它由an和other 合并构成,故不与冠词连用,连用的名词应是可数的。有时用作 “再……一”的意思。如:

@Come—anot—her day.改天再来吧。

0Heistallerthan any—other boyin his class. 他是班上最高的男孩。

圆Theylive 0n—the o—ther side 0fthe street. 他们住在街道的另一边。

◎Here is only one shoe.Where iS the other? 这儿只有一只鞋,另一只在哪儿?

@Two childrenwent,but theothers stayed. 有两个孩子走了,但是其他的孩子都留了下来。 ∞SOITIe people believeit.others not. 有些人相信,也有些人不相信。

⑦Be kind to o—th—ers.对别人要和气。

⑦Giveme—anot—her cap,thisoneistoo small. 给我另外一顶帽子,这一顶太小了。

⑦To Know is one thing,but t0 teach is another. 知道是一回事,教人又是一回事。

⑦He’ll be hack in another ten days. 再过十天他就会回来了。

@Have a—not—her c叩d~oflee,9[ease.再喝一梅呶啡。 ·⑩蜘·

--Are there enOUgh chairs for the guests? 一I’m afraid we need two.

A·theothers B.another C.other D.theother 9)none,nothing,noone的用法 ‘

none指人/物,表示数量,回答howmuch/howmany。 nothing指事/物,表示内容,回答what。 n0 one指人,表示内容,回答who。 ·⑩鳓·

留一May I horrow some ink from you? 一I’m sorry I have at alI.

A.none B.no C.nothing D.riot

lO)everyone/every one;anyone/any one的用法

everyone和anyone指人,“每个人”“任何一个人”。后不需要 接of+”.。

everyone和any one指人也指事物,后面要接of+n.,或在 上下指明的情况下后面不接of+,1.。

everyone或everyone与not连用时构成部分否定。 anyone或any one与not连用时构成全部否定。 ·鳓⑩·

留一Is——here?

一No,some ones have been sent t0 the south. A·anyone B.every one C.any one D.everyone

经典解析

【例1】一Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard. 一Why ?John.s sittingtheredoingnothing. [2003年全国高考33题]

A·him B.he C.I D.me

【解析】选D。在简略答语中,常用人称代词宾格形式。me可

用于:1)(用于分词的独立主格结构)我(=I)。如:

She lifted the boy,me helping,and carried him t0 a hospital. 她在我的帮助下抱起那个男孩,把他送到了医院。 2)(作主语或主语的同位语)我(=1) --Whois goingtodrive?谁来开车? 一Me.我。

【例2】Shanghai is really a fascination city and we’ve decided t0 stay for——twoweeks. [2003年上海高考27题]

A·another B.&her C.the other D.other's

【解析】选Ao句意为“上海真是一个迷人的城市,我们决定再 ;要

speaker

nl肌tioned but underst∞d by the an酮■翳e遍囊嚣二 故此,本题最佳答案为it。1_I .1 l一

选项c(one)为不定代词,可以指代“某天譬桓与硪£术l吐不 是某一个人谢u n9ed a10t 0f work。 、℃、潮罗

选项D(which)为关系代词,本应引导一个定嗣豳酾己担匈本 句结构不合:前面已有并列连词but;无法与离爰嘲滞粥月雪冁 一个”;none是三个以上的“任何一个都不”;neither是两者

间的“任何一个都不……”;either是两者间的“任何一个”。根 据句中的\"three suggestions\"判断最佳答案应为C。

【例7】Few ple.asures call equal——0f a cool drink∞a hot day. [NMET99]

A.some B.any C.that D.those

【解析】选C。该题考查替代词的用法。体会语境,便知答案 是C。

典型题精练

1·一Is there anyone who is goirig t0 the Great Wall? ■~· [2003年北京东城]

A·None B.Noone C.No D.Not any

2·Evenifthey areon sale,these re嫡geratots are equal.npriceto.if not more expensive tban,——at the 0ther store. [2003年黄冈]

A·anyone B.the 0thers C.that D.theone8

3·Sollle of this food came from J印蚴.How about ? [2003年北京朝阳]

A·the 0thers B.the rest C.another D.the 0ther 4·一It is said that the popular record has been sold 0ut. \"~What a shame!How I regret t}1at I didn’t buy . [2003年烟台]

A·$1.1Ch One B.any a such C.n0 such D.one sueh

5·Would you please make a copy for everybody in the office and ——e)【traone810rthe、,isit01\年武汉] A·other B.many C.few D.afew

6·——nich 0f the k}lionable dre~es d0 you like best? 一 .They are b0出expensive and 0flittle use. [2003年南京]

A·None B.Not}lirig C.Neither D.Either

7·When you are readirig fast,your eyes“U be orle or two word groups ahead 0f~.you mind is takirig in. 、 [2003年东北三校]

A·Olle B.the 0thers C.theOlle D.0thers

8·一‰seeretar~'wrote——mte幻tb.e company manager?j —l guess sheforgotwritirigone. [2003年潍坊] A·the 0ther B·orle C.one more D.another one

9·The incid朗ts looked real but they were a11 done with the help 0f ac啪·I-bwe~,people tried tD help. [2003年北京西城] A·quite afew B.quite alot 0f C·very few D.nearly n0

10·That’s an o,rlcient t锄ple dating from 5 AD,isn,t ? A.it B.that

1l·They hungry,sothey A.were both;went both C.were both;both、^他nt 12.一N妇t0 see you here. -_●-。。___-。。一● A.Me.too C.Thank you

C.t}lis D.thee ——int0 a restaurant. B.bothwere;hothwent D.hh were;went both B.The same t0 you D.I。too

1 3.That old man had three~orls,all 0f——died duffrig the last earthquake.

A·thea'n B.which C.whom D.tha6e

14·一Did——0f your parents come幻see you last week? 一 0fthem camet0 seeme.

A·any;~None B.any;Neith盯 C.ejther;Neither D.either~Any 15·DHello,who is.. speakirig? 一 is Tom speaking.

A·it;It B.that;That C.that;This D.it:He

16· ought to be∞trouble becal.18e he knew the arlswer8.

A·It B.Th盯e C.He D.That 17.一Isit goingto snowtonight? 一I’m afraid .

A·it B.that C.s0 D.this

18·一I gue88men’shands andfingersaretoo big!They can’t pick upthe small pie。es州ththeirfilagers. 一I can believe——.

A·t}lat B.it C.S0 D.those 19·He ad、,ised farmers cl'l006e t11e best seed-heads,the that had the best eolour.——

A·one BIthat C.those D.ones 20.Correct the mistake in each line if . A·s0 B.n0 C.any D.some

21·We are told that he谢U(x)me tonight.If s0,we谢ll hold the meeting.If——,t}lere won’t be any meetirig tomorrow. A·that B.not C.don’t D.WOn’t

22.Nacy’s English study is better thart 访the class. A.anyone’s else’s B.anyone else’s C·anyone else D.anyone’s else

23·They舶nk——pc~sible t0 learn a foreign language while studyirig in the rnjddle sch001.

A·We are B.t}lisis C.it D.that

24·——0f them are not here.”m豳ns——0f the~TI.8Ll'e not here.

A.Both;every B.All;80ml~ C.None、;either D.Neither;looth

25·“Merry Chri咖1as and Happy New Year t0 you!’’The most proper answer is——.

A.“Too lucky'’ , B.“Very happy'’ C.“I hope SO'’ D.“The samet0 you” 26.It’s not——class~ma.It’s .

A·theits;ours B.them;us C.theirs;our D.their;ours 27.“Whoisknocking atthe door?“ .” A·I’m,Mary B.She’15me。Mary C.He’Sme D.It’8me.Mary

28·The,,vater in the well iS dean盯thaa——in the riv目. A·that one B.the one C.that D.one

29·Tumer’s mother told him not t0 go there any more,but he had ——0f it.

A.none B.∞thirlg C.190l-ne D.not 30.Theteacher sawonlytwo students ,seated in the nx)m.

A.John and I B.Jolin and you C.John and he D.John and she

31·Win you see to that the luggage is brought hack? A.me B.yoursdf C.it D.thera 32.---Can I help you?

一I’d“ketobuy apresentformyfather’s birthday. at proper price。but 0f great u~.

A·that B.one C.anyone D.Everythirig 33.--Arethe newllJlesworking? ——Yes,hooks are stolen.

A.few B.more C.~trle D.none

34.一Is he content to accept our offered price?

一Yes·He cares more ahout the quality.Money is——to him. A.everythilag B.nolle C.nothing D.s~raethiug

35.--You know he has made friends since he joined thE dub.

--What a pity!

A.only afew B。onlyfew C.quite afewD.afew

3 6.——no good staying up late;you’U sooner 0r later break down.

A.That’s B.It’s C.This is D.There al'e

37.It’s impossible for all the people to get jobs because. 01 them are notfitforthem.

A.none B.all C.not all D.every one

38.He is not a pop fan and to him one pop song is very much Iike

A.theother B.others C.another D.The others

39.--What do~u t11ink 0f the Prime Minister’saddress to the nation?

一I Iike 0f what he said.

A.ilK)re 、。B.many C.few D.much 40.一H0wis~goiugwith you? ——So∞.

A·everytllitag B.anything C.sometKng D.notKrag 41.I伍ed but there was no result. A.everyone B.every one of thern C.everyone 0fthem D.every 0fthem

42·Every man and woman eighteen years 0f age of 01der is eligible to vote for the candidate of . A.their choice B.its choice C.their choices D.}lis choice 43.--Which 0fthetwo booksdo youwant? 一1 want .Please show me . A.none;another B.all:theother

C.neither;theother D.neither;another

,44.--Do you have a camera?

_ --。No-But my father has——.He just bought——a week ;~ ago.

”、}lA.one;c~1e B.it;it c.one;it D.it;one !。礤.--Wlfich of these two skirts will you take? i—I'lltake——,togiveonedthemtonly sister.

A.either B.hoth C.all D.neither、T

16.TheIx~k you refertoisn’t——.It belongsto .. 1 A.mine;her B.mine;hers c.me;you D.his;mine I

17.Forty percent 0f the students m伽r class are boys,——~Ll'e I girls. I

A.the 0thers B.others c.another D.the other l 48.一 0fthemis yourEnglishteacher? II —-The man wearing a blue coat. I

A.Which, B.Who c.What D.Whom II

49.We are trying to do the work better with——money and I ——people. ‘ l

A.1ess;a litde B.1ess;fewer l c.fewer;leSs D.afew;alinle f

50,The population 0fchimislargerthan——0f Japril· I A.those B.theone c.that D.it l

51.Please write your comlx~ition——line t0 1eave space for the I teacher’s oorrection. 1

A.one another B.each other I C.any 0th口 D.everyother I 52.Whowas that called him\"~de\"? I

A.one B.that c.it D.her l

53.Of allmyfriends will be abletopersuadeTomto change I hismind.Heis sofirmuponit. I

A.some B.anyone c.none D.neither 1

54.Joan had dten heard——said that Marley had no money· i A.one B.once C.it D.her 1

55.Who can you turn to in time 0f danger,if not——? A.any B.US C.we D.aLlrs

56.dot~n’t seem to have been any difficultj,solving the problem.

A.1t B.He C.There DjThat 、 57.~Did——get through the dri试rig test? 一No,——.A few failed.

A.everybody;not all B.anybody;no one C.everybody;none D.anybody;not all

58.The children were catching butterflies in the garden.Sc~l'[1e caught a bt,and others caught——at all·

A.nothirig B.none C.noone D.neither 5 9.——is“——hasmadePeter——he.Stoday? A.What;that;that B.That;that;what C.What;what;that D.What;that;what

60。Threepeopk spokeatthemeeting.——哪adoctor;~ was a student;————一was a teacher. A.He;she;I

B.Thefirst;小e other;the rest C.One;another;the third D.This;that;the hst

61.It was such a tiny访llage that——knew——else wdI. A.anybody;somebody B.everybody;everybody C.anybody;anybody D.nobody;nobody

62.Heisolle ofthestudents,who,I’m蛳,alwaysdo——一best· A.his B.my C.Gl'le’s D.thdr

’03·——be late for the meetirig.It is a meeting 0f Rreat impor. tahoe.

A.Everybody can’t B.Anybody can’t C.None can D.Nobody can

64.Try hard to make what the teachers teach .and you’l make rapid progress-m your studies.

A.you B.yours C.yoursdf D.yourselves 65.Shang~isl啦-盯than. inChinfl. A.all dties B.any dtv ,

C.any 0ther eity D.any other cities

66·The engineerand themanager have been strictwith——,砸 well aswit}l colleagues.

A.themselves;their B.hinlSelf:his C.themSelv母.his D.herself:her 67.一What can you seeonthe blackboard?

A.Nothing B.None C.Noone D.Neither 68。--Who did you find in the room?

A.None B.Not C.No D.Nobody

69·~_professional访0Jinist practises for several hours a day.but ——Vi出nist has hiS own way 0f playing the Beethoven conceit.

A.Each;every B.Every;each C.All;every D.Either;neither

70.Our food and service are better than used t0 he. A.they B.h C.we D.th甘n

71.The few students who know the secret indude 。 A.yomselfandmysdf B.ourselves

Cyou andme D.you and I

72.The lifeguard had already warned . A.us swimmers B.we swimmers ’ C.us swimmer D.we swimmer

73一must havethrown——away bymistake. A.he B.his C.him D.she’s 74.~Do you mind迁Ed,m~cl rides h your ear?

一Yes,I do.I’ll he glau to take——Edward. A.nobody but B.anybedy but

C.someother person D.anyone elSe but 75.一Victor certailllytalks a10t.

一Yes.He’s never interested in what .

A. eIse B. __elSe has to sayno one anyone C.somebodydse D.nobody else

76·I thought’t was——who hadbroken the window. A.him B.himself C.Ks D.he

77.Neither Badie nor her s.Stea's see~to show interest in studies.

A.hers B.h盯 C.theirs D.the.r

78.The school requires——studexits to wear——uniforms t0 sch001.

A.his;hiS B.hb;their C.its;his D.its;theirs 7 9.Sometimes do hate .

因篇幅问题不能全部显示,请点此查看更多更全内容