牛津译林英语8A Unit 6 Birdwatching短语句型语法复习提纲
一.重点短语
1. go to the market to watch the birds/ go birdwatching in the market去市场观鸟
hit the market 冲击市场
at the market 在市场
2. the birds at the market在市场的鸟
3. email sb. at +(email address)按照(邮件地址)发邮件给某人
email me at…给我发邮件……
4. have long legs and a long thin neck有长腿和细长的脖子
5.become a member of the Birdwatching Society 成为观鸟协会的一员
6. rare birds珍稀鸟类
7. brown and grey feathers棕灰色的羽毛
8. broad wings宽大的翅膀
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9. a nature reserve 一个自然保护区
in North-east China在中国的东北
in the north of… 在…里以北
to the north of…在…旁边以北不挨着
on the north of… 在…挨着以北相邻
10. one of the world’s most important wetlands世界最重要的湿地之一
11. provide food and cover for wildlife= provide wildlife with food and cover
为野生生物提供食物和庇护所
(provide sth. for sb.= provide sb. with sth.为某人提供某物)
12.speak—speaker 演讲者win—winner 获胜者 paint—painter 画家 act—actor 演员visit—visitor 游客 invent—inventor 发明家 piano—pianist钢琴家tour—tourist游客 art—artist 艺术家
science—scientist 科学家
13. all year round一年到头 are busy all year round 一年到头忙
14. go there only for a short stay只去那儿作短暂停留
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15. be active in the daytime在白天很活跃
16.be interested in (doing) 对（做）……感兴趣
enjoy the natural world享受自然界(adj)
17. 40 per cent of them他们中百分之四十
18. make the wetlands smaller缩小湿地
19. in order to have more space/food for farms and buildings
为了腾出更多空间用作农田和建筑
20. lead to less and less space for wildlife导致野生生物的空间越来越小
(make space/room for为…腾出空间)
lead to doing sth 导致做某事（lead—led）
22. don’t have enough food to eat没有足够的食物吃
23. the Chinese government中国政府
23. have made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong
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已经制定法律阻止在扎龙的所有这些事情
24.prevent sb. (from) doing sth.= stop sb (from) doing
= keep sb from doing 阻止某人做某事
25. the members of our Birdwatching Society 观鸟协会的成员
26. record their types记录它们的种类
27. changes in their numbers它们数量上的变化
28. a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch the birds许多游客去扎龙观鸟,
29. invite them to help us邀请他们帮助我们
count and describe birds 清点和描述鸟类
30. need more people to count and describe the birds需要更多的人来数鸟和描述鸟
31. understand the importance of the wetlands理解湿地的重要性
the importance of protecting wildlife
the importance of=important
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32. stop / keep / prevent sth. from happening阻止某事发生
33.in other parts of the world 在世界的其他部分
34.take part in activities 参加活动
35. take a notebook with you to (= in order to )write down what you see随身带笔记本为了写下你所看到的
36. take a camera to take photos of …带相机去拍……的照片
37. ask people not to catch birds for any reason要求人们不要为任何理由去捉鸟
38. agree to let me join同意让我加入
39. see a baby panda drink her mother’s milk看见熊猫宝宝喝它妈妈的奶
(看见某人做了或常做某事see sb. do sth.、看见某人在做某事see sb. doing sth.)
40. hear someone sing 听见某人唱歌(hear用法与see/ watch/notice相同)
41. encourage sb.（not）to do sth. 鼓励某人（不要）做某事
encouraging 鼓励的 encouraged 受鼓舞的 encouragement
encourage /discourage sb. from doing
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42. advise us not to shout in the wetlands建议我们不要在湿地大叫
43. different kinds of plants各种各样的植物
44.sp. covers an area of…(=sp. be … in area.)某地覆盖……的面积
45. square kilometres平方公里
46. the second largest home to red-crowned cranes丹顶鹤的第二大家园
be important to the health of people all over the world 对全世界人们的健康重要
47. not only…but also…不仅……而且……（邻近原则）
take a pair of binoculars 带一副望远镜
see the birds more clearly 更清晰地看见鸟
50. make beautiful sounds 发出优美的声音
make different bird sounds 发出不同的鸟声
51.at bird shows 在鸟展上 on show 展出
52.birds in the pictures 画里的鸟
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53.include birds in their poems 把鸟写进他们的诗里（v）--including 介词“包括”
54.part of our lives 我们生活的一部分
55.application form 申请表
56. call sb. on + (phone number)拨打(电话号码)找某人
57.in order to/so as to 为了
58.introduce sb./sth to sb. 把某人或某物介绍给某人 introduction 介绍、说明
Let me introduce myself. 让我来自我介绍。
二.重点句子
1. What do cranes look like? = How do cranes look like ? 鹤长什么样？
2. How many types of cranes are there in the world? 世界上有多少种鹤？
3. It is a perfect place for some rare birds.
它是适合一些珍稀鸟类生活的完美地方。
4. There are not many cranes left. 没有很多鹤剩下
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5. Moreover, fishermen keep fishing there. 此外，渔民们一直在那里捕鱼。
6.Studying Zhalong helps us learn about protecting wildlife.
研究扎龙帮助我们了解保护野生生物。
7.The cold weather made some birds fly south for the winter.
寒冷的天气使一些鸟类飞往南方过冬
fly to sp. to spend the winter 飞到某地过冬
8. You may get thirsty. 你可能会口渴。
9. What /Anything else? 还有什么？
10. I think it is important for me to do something to protect them.
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 表示对某人来说做某事怎么样
e.g. 对我来说, 解决这道数学题很容易。
It’s easy for me to work out the math problem.
孩子们在那条河里游泳是危险的。
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It is dangerous for children to swim in that river.
11.What should we take with us when we go birdwatching?
当我们去观鸟时应该随身带什么?
12.I will be very happy if I can become a member of the Birdwatching Society.
如果我能成为观鸟协会中的一员，我将会非常开心。（主将从现）
三.语法
动词不定式
1.作状语
a.目的状语: 放在go, come, use, live, in order等词后面.如：
I come to see you．
He runs fast in order to get there in time．
They brought in photos of their families for me to look at.
b. 原因状语: 放在sorry, glad, surprised, disappointed，
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excited等词后面。(有些资料上把这类称为不定式在表示心理、情感、评价等的形容词后, 对其进行补充说明, 作形容词补足语）如：
I am glad to see you here．
I am sorry to trouble you．
c. 作结果状语。如:
Some of the apples are hard to reach．
The room is large enough to hold 1000 people．
2.作宾语补足语
(1)在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to：
tell, ask, want, order, teach, invite, warn, wish, help, get, wish, allow,encourage,advise等词后面常接不定式作宾补。
例: I asked a friend to read it to me．
I tell him not to go there by bus ．
Edison‘s mother taught him to read and write．
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(2) 在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词(see, watch, hear, feel, make, let, have, observe, notice, help等)后不带to 的不定式作宾补。如：
The boss makes them work 16 hours a day．
I heard her sing in the next room．
提示板: 若变成被动语态, 在上述结构中, 不定式符号to要加上。
如:
They are made to work 16 hours a day by the boss．
She was heard to sing in the next room．
3.“疑问词＋不定式”用法
不定式前可带what，who，which，where, when, how, whose, 等疑问词, 这种不定式短语在句中作宾语、宾语补足语、
主语等。
例: He didn’t tell me where to go. (直宾)
I don’t know what to say now.(宾语)
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I don't know what to do next. (宾语）
He taught us how to use the computer．(宾语补足语)
It's still a question how to get there．(主语)
在初中阶段还涉及到“不定式被动语态一般式(to be+过去分词)”
例: There are twenty more trees to be planted.
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