核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、志愿服务的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
Hamburgers,French fries,potato chips,popcorn,and pizza.There is no denying these foods are tasty.But often,it’s the added salt that makes them so appealing.One result:U.S.kids are eating too much salty fare.
Table salt is about 40% sodium (钠).Our bodies need some sodium to work properly.But too much of it is not healthy.
A recent study by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) looked at the eating habits of 2,142 children between the ages of 6 and 18.It found that their average sodium intake was 3,256 milligrams per day.That equals nearly 1.5 teaspoons each day,which is 50% more than current guidelines recommend.
Zerleen Quader is the study’s lead author.“Eating too much sodium now can set kids up for health problems later,” she said.
Much of the sodium that kids eat comes from processed foods.But potato chips and other salty snacks aren’t the only culprits.There are other sodium sources — like bread and cold cuts — adding to the salt overload.
All this added salt can raise blood pressure and,with it,the risk of a heart attack and other health problems.Today,1 in 9 children has raised blood pressure.There’s good news though.Lowering salt intake can lower blood pressure.
That,of course,is easier said than done.The more salty foods you eat,the more you develop a taste for them.The key to changing your diet is to start small.“Small changes in sodium in foods are not usually noticed,” Quader says.Eventually,she adds,the effort will reset a kid’s taste buds (味蕾) so the salt desires stop.
Need a little inspiration? Dietitian Bridget Murphy advises focusing on the immediate effects of a diet that is high in sodium.High blood pressure can make it difficult to be active.“Do you want to be able to think clearly and perform well in school?” she asks.“If you’re an athlete,do you want to run faster?” If you answered yes to these questions,then it’s time to shake the salt habit. 1.What did the recent CDC study find? A.American kids have too much salt. B.Teenagers have good dietary habits. C.The present advised salt intake is too high. D.Proper sodium intake benefits human health.
2.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “culprits” in Paragraph 5? A.Criminals. C.Types.
B.Results. D.Surprises.
3.What is Quader’s advice for kids? A.Eat salt-free foods. B.Have a low-sodium diet. C.Keep away from junk food. D.Take enough exercise regularly.
4.According to Murphy,a salty diet will probably . A.help you have a quick mind B.increase your running speed C.make you relatively inactive D.keep you hungry but spirited
二、完形填空
Born in Senegal’s capital of Dakar,Seydou was interested in Chinese culture even in his childhood and hoped to visit China when he grew up.After 1 from a local high school,he came to know about the CRBC’s scholarship offer and 2 the opportunity to finally 3 China with his own eyes.
Upon arrival in China he faced many 4 .The first setback was language,because without the 5 ,there isn’t much you can do in China.In order to 6 as quickly as possible to his 7 life,his first priority was to learn Chinese,which 8 a great challenge for the young man.
At first,as the obvious science student,he tried to find some sort of general 9 rule between Chinese characters and their 10 .But later,he found none.There are 11 small hints to guess the pronunciation,but each time,he has to 12 the dictionary to double check.
Moreover,after 13 a new word or sentence,he must look for a way to 14 it in our daily life.His efforts are paying 15 :Just six months after his arrival in China,he won first place at the Chang’an University’s Chinese CRBC speech competition for international students. 1.A.graduating C.removing 2.A.appealed to C.put forward 3.A.admire C.see 4.A.challenges C.strangers 5.A.course C.qualification 6.A.rebuild C.adapt 7.A.comfortable C.real 8.A.presented
B.judging D.separating B.jumped at D.turned down B.meet D.interview B.friends D.dialects B.behaviour D.language B.change D.settle B.new D.normal B.rejected
C.demanded 9.A.common C.perfect 10.A.meaning C.formation 11.A.always C.eventually 12.A.buy C.consult 13.A.learning C.pssing 14.A.attend C.use 15.A.back C.up
D.urged B.logical D.unique B.spelling D.pronunciations B.only D.dierectly B.observe D.question B.inventing D.teaching B.describe D.write B.out D.off
三、读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
For many years,I had a recurring(重复出现的) dream.I was a little girl again,rushing about,trying to get ready for school.
“Hurry,you’ll be late for school,”my mother called to me. “I am hurrying,Mom!What did I do with my books?”
Deep inside I knew where the dream came from.It was about some unfinished business in my life.As a kid,I loved everything about school.I loved books,teachers,tests and homework.Most of all I longed to someday march down the aisle(通道) to receive my diploma.That seemed more appealing even than getting married.
But at 15,I had to drop out because my parents couldn’t afford tuition(学费).My hope of getting a diploma was dead,or so I thought.Pretty soon,I married and had three children,and I thought,“There goes my diploma.”
Even so,I wanted my children to be educated.But Linda,our youngest child,had juvenile arthritis(幼年型关节炎) in her hands and knees,which made it impossible for her to function in a normal classroom.I felt really sorry for her and I didn’t want her to live her life with regret.I didn’t give up hope of her being back to school in some way.
One day,I saw an ad in the newspaper for evening courses.“That’s the answer,”I said to myself.Linda always feels better in the evening,so I’ll just sign her up for night school.
Linda was busy filling out enrollment(入学) forms when the secretary said,“Mrs.Schantz,why don’t you come back to school?”
I laughed,“There’s no way!I’m 55!”But he persisted,and before I knew what I had done,I was enrolled for classes in English and crafts.“This is only an experiment,”I warned him,but he just smiled.So,I told myself to try for just a semester and to see if it would work.Anyway,my dream was still there in my heart.
Paragraph 1:
It was exciting to go to school again but
Paragraph 2:
Linda and I saw each other through the time.
参考答案
限时规范练34(选修7 Unit 4)
一、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。研究表明美国青少年吃盐过多,这会增加他们在未来的生活中患心脏病的风险。
1.A 细节理解题。由第三段中的“It found that their average sodium intake was 3,256 milligrams per day...which is 50% more than current guidelines recommend”可知,美国疾病控制中心的研究发现美国青少年的食盐摄入量超标。
2.A 词义猜测题。由划线词后的“There are other sodium sources — like bread and cold cuts”可知,薯片和其他含盐量高的零食并不是唯一的罪魁祸首。
3.B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“The key to changing your diet is to start
small.‘Small changes in sodium in foods are not usually noticed,’...the effort will reset a kid’s taste buds so the salt desires stop”可知,Quader认为改变饮食习惯要一点点地慢慢来,逐渐减少食物中钠的含量,最后孩子的味蕾就会慢慢适应低盐的食物,对多盐食物的渴望也会停止。
4.C 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“High blood pressure can make it difficult to be active”可知,经常吃咸的食物容易引起高血压,而高血压会让人怠惰,不活跃。
二、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。出生于塞纳加尔首都达喀尔的Seydou从小就对中国文化感兴趣。高中毕业后他获得了一个奖学金计划提供的中国之旅的机会。文章叙述了他在中国学习汉语的经历。
1.A Seydou高中毕业后了解到CRBC提供的奖学金项目。根据后面的from结构也知答案为A项。
2.B jump at表示“欣然接受;急迫地接受”之意。此处表示“他立马接受了这个去中国的机会”。
3.C 根据后面的with his own eyes可知,此处表示“亲眼目睹”之意。 4.A 根据后面叙述的语言障碍等可知,刚来到中国,他面临很多的挑战。
5.D 根据上文可知,第一个障碍就是语言问题。不懂汉语,在中国很多事情都做不了。因此,此处是指上文的language。
6.C 根据后面内容可知,此处表示“为了尽快适应在中国的新生活,他优先选择学汉语”。短语adapt to“适应”之意。
7.B 他要适应的就是刚来中国的新生活。
8.A 学习汉语给这个年轻人带来了巨大的挑战。动词present表示“提出;呈现;赠送;介绍”等意思。
9.B 作为理科生,他努力寻找汉字和他们的发音之间的逻辑规律。理科生善于逻辑推理。
10.D 根据下文的guess the pronunciation可知,此处表示汉字的发音。 11.B 根据but转折关系可知,想要猜出汉字的发音,仅仅只有很小的暗示。 12.C 每次,他都不得不查阅字典来进行重复检查。
13.A 每当学了一个汉字或句子后,他都要寻找在日常生活中可以用上它的方式。 14.C 此处表示学习汉字后,想在日常生活中的实践运用。
15.D 他学习汉语所付出的努力得到了回报。短语pay off表示“取得回报”之意。 三、 Paragraph 1:
It was exciting to go to school again but it was no game.Sitting in a classroom full of kids was awkward,even if most of them were respectful and encouraging.During the day,I was still a busy married woman having loads of housework to do.In the evening,I was a
hardworking student working on my courses.To my surprise,both Linda and I did very well in night school.I went back again the next semester,and my grades steadily improved.
Paragraph 2:
Linda and I saw each other through the time.When I was down,Linda encouraged me,“Mom,you can’t quit now!”And when she was down,I encouraged her.I have to say it was a time which was really hard on both of us.But neither of us gave up.At last,I got my diploma.To my surprise,almost all of my classmates voted for me to be class speaker,and I got a $3,000 college scholarship.The unfinished business in my dreams was eventually finished.
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