国家公共英语（三级）笔试模拟试卷290 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1.
Children learn almost nothing from television, and the more they watch the less they remember. They regard television purely 26 entertainment, resent programs that 27 on them and are surprised that anybody should 28 the medium seriously. Far from being over-excited by programs, they are mildly 29 with the whole thing. These are the main conclusions from a new study of children and television. The author Cardiac Cullingford 30 that the modern child is a 31 viewer. The study suggests that there is little 32 in the later hours. All 11-year-olds have watched programs after midnight. Apart from the obvious waste of time 33 , it seems that all this viewing has little effect. Cullingford says that children can recall few details. They can remember exactly which programs they have seen but they can 34 explain the elements of a particular plot. Recall was in “ 35 proportion to the amount they had watched. “ It is precisely because television, 36 a teacher, demands so little attention and response 37 children like it, argues Cullingford. Programs seeking to 38 serious messages are strongly disliked. 39 people who frequently talk on screen. What children like most are the advertisements. They see them as short programs 40 their own right and particularly enjoy humorous presentation. But again, they 41 strongly against high-pressure advertisements that attempt openly to 42 them. On the other hand, they are not 43 involved in the programs. If they admire the stars, it is because the actors lead glamorous lives and earn a lot of money, 44 their fictional skills with fast cars and shooting villains. They are perfectly 45 the functions of advertisements. And says Cullingford, educational television is probably least successful of all in imparting attitudes or information.
1． A．like B．as C．for D．at
正确答案：B
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。regard…as意为“把……看作”，其他选项：[A]like，[C]for和[D]at均与题意不符。
2． A．call
B．comment C．work D．demand
正确答案：D
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。demand意为“要求(出力等)”，如：This is a demanding job．根据上下文的意思：小孩讨厌那些要他们费神的节目，故选项[D] demand正确。其他选项都可与on连用，但意思不符：[A]call(on)意为“号召”，call on sb．for sth．；[B]comment(on)意为“评价，批评”；[C]work(on)意为“工作”，强调一种持续的概念，如work onsth．等。
3．
A．adjust B．restrict C．take D．select
正确答案：C
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。take sth．seriously意为“对某事认真”，根据本句的意思，孩子们对有人会拿电视当真感到意外，此处用take与seriously连用，意为“严肃地对待某事”。选项[A]adjust意为“调整，调节”；选项[B]restrict意为“限制”；选项[D]select意为“精心选择”。
4．
A．acquainted B．gratified C．infected D．bored
正确答案：D
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。be bored with…意为“对……感到厌烦”，由句中的Far frombeing over—excited可知，孩子们一点也不因为节目好而激动万分，反而是对所有的事情感到厌烦，故选项[D]bored正确。选项[A]acquainted(with)意为“知道”；选项[B]gratified(with)意为“满意”；选项[C]infected(with)意为“受到感染”，如：They are infectedwith his high spirits．均不符合题意。全句可译为：他们一点也不因为节目好而激动万分，而是对所有的事情感到厌烦。
5．
A．conforms B．confirms C．refutes D．confesses
正确答案：B
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。confirm意为“证实”，根据上下文，儿童与电视的关系是一项研究的内容，其研究者发表的文章当然是证实其观点，故选项[B]confirms正确。选项[A]conforms to意为“与……一致”，属形近词；选项
[C]refutes意为“驳斥”；选项[D]confesses意为“承认(罪行，失败，过错等)”。
6．
A．dedicated B．sincere
C．preoccupied D．choosy
正确答案：A
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。dedicated意为“热忱的，投注全副精神的”，根据下文：儿童在午夜后都曾看过电视，更别提在白天了，故儿童是热衷于看电视的，因此是a dedicatedviewer，故选项[A]dedicated正确。选项[B]sincere意为“真诚的，言语行为表里如一的”；选项[C]preoccupied意为“心不在焉的”；选项[D]choosy意为“挑剔的”。全句可译为：作者卡犹埃克·卡林福德证实了当今的小孩是电视的忠实观众。
7．
A．intention B．faith
C．perfection D．point
正确答案：D
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。point此处意为“用处”，文中提到有人提出把儿童不宜的节目放到晚上九十点钟以后(later hour)，但孩子们是忠实观众，所有的儿童都在午夜以后看过电视，因此这种做法没有什么意义，故选项[D]point正确。选项[A]intention(打算)；选项[B]faith(忠诚)；选项[C]perfection(完美)，均与句意不符。全句可译为：把一些儿童不宜的节目安排在晚上九十点钟以后的做法没多大意义。
8．
A．revolved B．involved C．revived D．resolved
正确答案：B
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。involved意为“与……有密切关系的”，在此处作后置定语修饰theobvious waste of time，意为“看电视除了明显地浪费时间之外”，同时下文也出现了involved一词，故选项[B]involved正确。选项[A]revolved为不及物动词，意为“使旋转”；选项[C]revived意为“复苏”；选项[D]resolved意为“下定决心”。全句可译为：看电视除了明显地浪费时间之外，似乎所有这些观看活动都没什么用处。
9．
A．rarely B．fully
C．abundantly D．fairly
正确答案：A 解析：此题属于语义搭配题。rarely=not often意为“很少，难得”，如：Rarely have Iheard such a strange story．根据原文句意：儿童看完电视后很少能回想起细节内容，因此他们往往不能解释特定情节的要点，因此用选项[A]rarely符合题意。其他选项：[B]fully，[C]abundantly和[D]fairly均与句意不符。全句可译为：卡福林德说。孩子们看完电视后很少能回想起什么细节内容。他们能记得看过的是什么节目，却不能解释特定情节的要点。
10．
A．diverse B．reverse C．immerse D．direct
正确答案：B
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。reverse(inverse)与proportion连用，意为“反比关系”，根据句意：儿童看电视多(a dedicated viewer)，但却记不起细节内容(recall few details)，由此可见，记忆与看电视的时间成反比关系，故选项[B]reverse正确。选项[A]diverse意为“多种多样的”；选项[C]immerse动词，意为“沉浸在”，例如：immerse oneself in work；选项[D]direct(proportion)意为“正比(关系)”。全句可译为：回忆与看电视的数量是成反比的。
11．
A．unlikely B．like C．unlike D．dislike
正确答案：C
解析：此题属于语篇连接题。unlike是介词，意为“不像”，文中需要一个介词与teacher连用，根据句意：儿童喜欢看电视是因为电视不像老师，它对小孩不做要求，故选项[C]unlike正确。[A]unlikely意为“不太可能的”，不符合题意；[C]like(像)，与句意相反；[D]dislike动词，意为“不喜欢”，词性不符。
12．
A．whether B．that C．which
D．why
正确答案：B
解析：此题属于语法题。demand so little…that意为“要求得如此之少，以至于……”，属结果状语从句，选项[A]whether(是否)，引导宾语从句；选项[C]which引导定语从句；选项[D]why引导原因状语从句。全句可译为：卡林福德说，正是因为电视不像老师，它对小孩是否集中注意力和做出反应没有要求，所以孩子们才喜欢它。
13．
A．put over B．take over C．see over D．carry over
正确答案：A
解析：此题属于词语搭配题。put over=put across意为“解释说明”，此处需一个短语动词与messages连用，故选项[A]put over正确。选项[B]take over意为“接管”；选项[C]see over=examine意为“仔细检查”；选项[D]carry over意为“延期”，如：The committeeagreed to carry over its discussion to the next meeting．全句可译为：试图传达严肃信息的节目特别不受欢迎。
14．
A．There are B．So are C．They are D．Those are
正确答案：B
解析：此题属于语篇连接题。so放在句首，后面接be，have，do等助动词，再接主语，意为“同样地”，如：I enjoyed the book and so did my sister．根据上下文，上文谈到儿童特讨厌严肃的节目(Programs…are strongly disliked．)，此句仍然谈及儿童讨厌的内容，即那些在屏幕上喋喋不休的人们，故用选项[B] So are连接，语篇完整。其他选项：[A]Thereare，[C]They are和[D]Those are均不符题意。全句可译为：在屏幕上喋喋不休的人也同样不受欢迎。
15． A．in B．among C．with D．through
正确答案：A
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。in one’s own right意为“凭自己的权力，独立
地”，in theirown right在此作状语，故选项[A]in正确。其他选项：[B]among，[C]with和[D]through搭配不当。全句可译为：孩子们把广告看作独立短小的节目，尤其喜欢幽默的表演，
16．
A．proceed B．react
C．discriminate D．weigh
正确答案：B
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。react…against意为“反对”，此处意为儿童们虽喜欢幽默的广告，但对于有些广告特别反感，故选项[B]react符合题意。选项[A]proceed…(against)意为“控诉”；选项[C]discriminate(against)意为“歧视”；选项[D]weigh(against)意为“对…不利”，如：The test will weigh against him．(这次测试对他不利。)
17．
A．influence B．influencing C．influenced
D．have influenced
正确答案：A
解析：此题属于语法题。此处需动词原形与attempt连用，attempt to do sth．，因此选项[A]influence正确。其他选项：[B]influencing现在分词；[C]influenced过去分词；[D]have influenced完成形式，均与题意不符。全句可译为：但是，他们对那些公开试图影响他们的广告特别反感。
18．
A．facilely B．emotionally C．intellectually D．indifferently
正确答案：B
解析：此题属于语义搭配题。emotionally意为“感情上的”，原文中上文提到，儿童从电视中根本学不到东西，仅仅把它看作是一种娱乐，他们讨厌严肃的节目，可见孩子们并不喜欢投入自己的情感，下文提及他们对明星的态度，对广告功能的了解也证明了这一点。因此选项[B]emotionally符合题意。选项[A]facilely意为“轻易地，顺从地”；选项[C]intellectually意为“理智上”；选项[D]indifferently意为“冷漠地”。
19．
A．partly because B．mainly because C．not because D．not because of
正确答案：D
解析：此题属于语法题。根据句意，谈及儿童们喜欢明星的原因，只有选项[D]not because of符合逻辑和语法，连接一个名词短语。其他选项：[A]partly because，[B]mainlybecause和[C]not because均不符合句意及语法结构。全句可译为：儿童们喜欢明星仅仅是因为他们引领着潮流并能挣很多的钱，而不是因为他们高超的飞车技术和为民除害。
20．
A．clear about B．clear of C．clear away D．clear up
正确答案：A
解析：此题属于词语搭配题。be clear about意为“清楚的，明白的”，根据句意和结构，儿童对广告的用意有了完全清楚的认识，故选项[A]clear about与句中的are连用，表示状态。选项[B]clear of意为“无罪的，无愧的”；选项[C]clear away动词短语，意为“清除”；选项[D]clear up动词短语，意为“寻找答案，整理完成”。全句可译为：他们完全清楚广告的用意。
Section III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Part ADirections: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The biographer has to dance between two shaky positions with respect to the subject(研究 对象). To close a relation, and the writer may lose objectivity. Not close enough, and the writer may lack the sympathy necessary to any effort to portray a mind, a soul—the quality of life. Who should write the biography of a family, for example. Because of their closeness to the subject, family members may have special information, but by the same token, they may not have the distance that would allow them to be fair. Similary, a king’s servant might not be the best one to write a biography of that king. But a foreigner might not have the knowledge and sympathy necessary to write the king’s biography—not for a readership from within the kingdom, at any rate. There is no ideal position for such a task. The biographer has to work with the position he or she has in the world, adjusting that position as necessary to deal with the subject. Every position has strengths and weaknesses: to thrive, a writer must try to become aware of these, evaluate them in terms of the subject, and select a position accordingly. When their subjects are heroes or
famous figures, biographies often reveal a democratic motive:they attempt to show that their subjects are only human, no better than anyone else. Other biographies are meant to change us, to invite us, to become better than we are. The biographies of Jesus(耶稣)found in the Bible are in this class. Biographers may claim that their account is the “authentic”one. In advancing this claim, they are helped if the biography is “authorized”by the subject; this presumably allows the biographer special access to private information. “Unauthorized”biographies also have their appeal, however, since they can suggest an independence of mind in the biographer. In book promotions, the”unauthorized”characterisation usually suggests the prospect of juicy gossip that the subject had hoped to suppress. A subject might have several biographies, even sev-eral”authentic”ones. We sense intuitively that no one is in a position to tell the story of a life, perhaps not even the subject, and this has been proved by the history of biography.
21． According to the author, an ideal biographer would be one who______. A．knows the subject very well and yet maintains a proper distance from him B．is close to the subject and knows the techniques of biography writing C．is independent and treats the subject with fairness and objectivity
D．possesses special private information and is sympathetic toward the subject
正确答案：A
解析：依据文章第一段，如果传记作家与研究对象(subject)的关系太近就会在其传记作品中失去客观性；如果传记作家与其研究对象关系疏远，他的作品就不能深刻反映研究对象的精神世界。由此可见，最理想的传记作家是那些既了解研究：对象又同时与他保持适当距离的人。选择项[A]符合文章内容。
22． The author cites the biographies of Jesus in the Bible in order to show that______.
A．the best biographies are meant to transform their readers B．biographies are authentic accounts of their subjects’ lives C．the best biographies are those of heroes and famous figures D．biographies can serve different purposes
正确答案：D
解析：在文章第三段中，作者指出如果传记有关于英雄人物或伟大人物的，那么它的目的在于告诉读者这些英雄或伟人也是普普通通的人，而另外一些传记的目的是为了改造人，使人们变得更好。因此，不同的传记具有不同的目的。选择项[D]符合文章内容。作者并未认为最有意改造读者的就是最好的传记，因此选择项[A]错。选择项[B]与本题题意不符。选择项[C]错，理由同选择项[A]。
23． Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage? A．An authentic biography seldom appeals to its readers. B．An authentic biography is one authorized by the subject.
C．No one can write a perfect biography.
D．Authorized biographies have a wider readership.
正确答案：C
解析：依据文章最后一句我们知道，作者认为传记难写，即使研究对象自己也很难“讲出”自己的故事，历史已经证明了这一点。选择项[C]符合文章内容，选择项[A]、[B]、[D]与文章的内容要矛盾或不相符。
24． An unauthorised biography is likely to attract more readers because______. A．it portrays the subject both faithfully and vividly
B．it contains interesting information about the subject’s private life C．it reveals a lot of accurate details unknown to outsiders
D．it usually gives a sympathetic description of the subject’s character
正确答案：B 解析：依据文章第四段第二句、第三句“‘Unauthorized’biographies also have their appeal”，“In book promotions，the‘Unauthorized’characterisation usually suggests theprospect of juicy gossip that the subject had hoped to suppress”，既然未经授权的传记中往往包括研究对象一直想遮掩的一些“有汁水”的内容，那么就一定会更让读者感兴趣。选择项[B]符合文章内容。选择项[C]表达不准确。既然是“juicy gossip”就肯定不会“accurate”，选择项[A]、[D]均不符合文章内容。
25． In this passage, the author focuses on______.
A．the difficulty of a biographer in finding the proper perspective to do his job B．the secret of a biographer to win more readers
C．the techniques required of a biographer to write a good biography. D．the characteristics of different kinds of biographies
正确答案：A 解析：作者在文章的开头和结尾处都说明了写传记是一件很难的事。选择项[A]符合文章内容。
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