英 语
一、单项选择 (共6分,每小题0.5分)
1. My mother is very busy. I often help__________ with housework. A. him B. you C. her D. me 2. — Where are the boys?
—They are__________ the classroom. A. in B. for C. on D. to
3. Winter__________ my favourite season. l like making snowmen with my friends. A. am B. is C. are D. be 4. — __________ do you play football? — Once a week.
A. How much B. How long C. How many D. How often 5. Tom thinks this book is ___than that one. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 6. — __________I finish the writing in class? —No, you needn’t.
A. Can B. Shall C. Must D. Could 7. John didn’t buy the coat__________ it was too expensive. A. so B. but C. or D. because 8. It is sunny. They __________ on the beach now. A. walk B. will walk C. are walking D. walked 9. Tara__________ a strange dream last night. A. had B. will have C. has D. is having
10. The man__________ in the forest when he saw something unusual.
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A. works B. is working C. will work D. was working
11. We all like Dylan. He__________ well and helps a lot in the community. A. sings B. sang C. was singing D. is having
12. The children__________ some volunteer work in the library tomorrow. A. do B. will do C. did D. were doing 二、完形填空(共8分，每小题1分)
A Happy Hero
One day, Linda and Jenny were sitting at Linda’s house. They were working very hard.
They were working on a __13__ project about weather. Linda was a hard worker like Jenny, so the two girls
were__14__ to have each other as partners. They were reading about rain and were amazed to __15__ Hawaii is the world’s wettest (最潮湿的) place!
The girls were enjoying the fun facts (事实) when all of a sudden, Linda__16__Jenny was choking (窒息). Jenny was chewing (咀嚼) on a pen cap and accidentally swallowed (吞下) it!
Jenny started pointing to her __17__ . Linda asked her if (是否) she was choking. When Jenny nodded (点头) to say yes, Linda__18__ stood up and did the Heimlich maneuver (海姆利克氏急救法) to try to help Jenny stop choking.
Linda was afraid of__19__ her friend, so the first time she tried the Heimlich maneuver, she did not do it very hard. After trying it a second time, the pen cap flew oat of Jenny’s mouth! Jenny was very grateful(感谢的) to Linda. She was scared when she realised she swallowed the pen cap and could not breathe. Linda was very brave to try to__20__ her friend. Both girls would never forget this science project! 13. A. maths B. science C. geography D. history 14. A. sorry B. nervous C. happy D. tired 15. A. guess B. feel C. learn D. hope 16. A. told B. showed C. warned D. noticed 17. A. neck B. arm C. leg D. head 18. A. finally B. quickly C. politely D. carefully 19. A. changing B. touching C. helping D. hurting 20. A. support B. save C. understand D. encourage 三、阅读理解 (共26分。每小题2分)
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A
Harry began to skateboard two years ago. Now he can do lots of exciting tricks (招数),. He often goes to the skateboard park to practise with his friends. He never skateboards near the road,
Betty learned to ride a bike when she was five years old. She rides her bike everywhere, but she enjoys it best when she and her dad go to a special bike rail(路径). They can ride up and down hills and through woods(树林). Robert likes playing football and it makes him stronger. He keeps playing football four times each week. Football is a great way of exercise and a great way to have fun with friends and possibly make some new ones. Sara learned swimming when she was six years old and her mum taught her how to swim. She is on the school team now. Swimming changed her a lot and she is more confident in
1. When did Harry begin to skateboard? A. One year ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago. D. Four years ago. 2. Betty likes riding bikes with_________. A. her mum B. her friend C. her dad D. her sister 3. How often docs Robert play football? A. Once a week B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. D. Four times a week.
B
My friend Jack and 1 were doing maths homework while his grandma was baking (烤) cookies.
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“We are lucky to have enough food. Some people don’t have that. ” Jack said. “Maybe we can do something to help,” I said. “But it’s a big problem.”
After some discussion, we decided to volunteer at a soup kitchen the next week. Jack and I never did anything like this before, so we felt nervous.
On that day, Jack’s grandma served(提供）soup. Jack was in charge of（负责）the fruit salad, and I served mashed potatoes(土豆泥) .
A man put his plate (盘子) in front of me. “Those potatoes look delicious.” he said. “They do smell good.” I put a scoopful（一勺子） onto his plate and asked him, “What do you get when an elephant crosses a potato?”
“Um, I am not sure.” “Mashed potatoes.”
“That’s funny!” he laughed. “I am David. You sure brightened up(使变得明亮）my day, young man. Thank you.” On the way home, Jack, his grandma and I shared stories about the great people and the interesting things that day. We don’t need a lot of money to make a difference. We can donate (捐赠) our time, and we would like to go back and help again sometime.
1. The writer and Jack decided to volunteer at__________ the next week, A. a school B. a hospital C. a soup kitchen D. a library
2. The writer and Jack felt__________ before they did the volunteer work. A. tired B. nervous C. sad D. angry 3. What did the writer serve?
A. Cookies. B. Mashed potatoes. C. Soup. D. Fruit salad. 4. How did the writer make David laugh?
A. He brought him some clothes. B. He gave him some money. C. He showed him a picture. D. He told him a joke.
C
All mammals(哺乳动物) sleep. Some stand up when they are sleeping and others lie down. All people need to sleep too. No one really knows why we sleep, but we know it is important for us to get enough sleep
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It looks as if nothing is happening when we sleep, but our bodies and brains are actually very busy. Our bodies are busy building new cells(细胞). We need them to grow. Without sleep, children do not grow and may get sick more often. During sleep, our brains are busy putting our ideas in order and then storing them in our memories. Without sleep, it is harder to remember things.
Sleep is important. When people do not get enough sleep, they do things more slowly, get sad easily and make mistakes.
We all need sleep, but how much sleep we need changes as we grow up. A newborn baby sleeps from sixteen to twenty hours a day, but as people get older, they need less sleep. The average ten-year-old children sleep ten hours a day. Most adults(成人) spend about eight hours a day sleeping. Some older people only spend about six hours a day sleeping.
We may not know why we sleep, but we know we look better and feel better after a good night’s sleep because our bodies and our brains are ready for a new day. 1. When we sleep, __________.
A. nothing happens. B. we feel tired. C. our bodies build new cells. D. we get sad easily. 2. The word “storing” in Paragraph2 probably means “__________”. A. changing B. sharing C. describing D. keeping 3. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us__________. A. why sleep time changes with age B. why people all need sleep C. how much sleep people need D. how people can get enough sleep
D
Do you like to learn a foreign (外国的) language? Do you think English is easy to learn? Foreigners say learning Chinese is not easy for them. We use a different character for each word. For foreigners, it is hard to memories them. They find reading Chinese poems (诗), writing Chinese characters and understanding the same word in different sentences are the most difficult.
However, Chinese is more popular around the world today. The long history and colorful culture of China attract（吸引）many foreigners to learn Chinese. China is developing (发展) fast. It is staying ahead in many fields and is playing its role in the world. Chinese is becoming a global (全球的) language.
Many countries have Chinese classes in their schools. For example, in the UK, students chose between Spanish（西班牙语）, Latin, French and other foreign language courses （课程）in the past. But now schools encourage their students to
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study Chinese.1031 people took Chinese language exams in 2001, and the number was 2062 last year, while 2561 people chose Spanish.
Just as the foreigners do, we also learn foreign languages. Different languages carry different cultures (文化). So learning a foreign language is necessary (必要的)，When we learn a foreign language, we not only have a useful tool of communicating but also experience a new culture. What's more important, learning a foreign language well will help us tell our own stories to the world.
1. When foreigners learn Chinese, they think __________. A. they are good at writing Chinese characters B. they can’t understand Chinese sentences C. memorising Chinese characters is easy D. it is difficult to read Chinese poems 2. What can we learn from the passage? A. Chinese is easier to learn today.
B. More foreigners are interested in Chinese. C. Chinese was more popular than Spanish in the UK.
D. There should be fewer foreign language courses in schools in the UK. 3. The writer wants to tell us__________. A. foreigners should study Chinese in China B. people should learn a foreign language C. there are many ways to learn Chinese D. students need more language classes
四、阅读短文。根据短文内容回答问题。(共10分，每小题2分)
Wonderful Bones
Do you know how many bones there are in your body? When you were a baby, you had about 330 bones, and now you have just over 200 bones. It’s because some bones join together as you grow.
Many Uses
Mary bones protect your body. For example , the skull（头盖骨）surrounds your brain and protects it from harm. The ribs (助骨) protect your heart and lungs（肺）.
Other bones are used to support the body. Your hands and feet have more than half of the bones in your body!
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Longest Bone
The longest bone in your body is in your leg. It is the femur(股骨), and it goes from your hip(臀部) to your knee (膝盖). It is a very important bone because it carries all of your weight and helps you move from place to place.
Smallest Bone
Would you believe the smallest bone in your body is in your car? It is the stirrup(镫骨). It is about the size of a grain (粒) of rice. When sound waves (波) come into your car, the stirrup shakes back and forth. It allows the sound waves to reach your brain.
The bones in our bodies are big, small, and in-between sized. They help us grow, protect us, and allow us to move. They really are wonderful.
1. How many bones docs a baby have?
2. What do the ribs protect?
3. What is the longest bone in your body?
4. Where is the smallest bone in your body?
5. Why are bones wonderful?
五、文段表达(共10分)
从下面两个题目任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总次数。所给提示词语仅供参考，请不要写书你的校名和姓名。 题目①
假如你是李华，你和朋友准备去阳光沙滩 (Sunny Beach)做志愿者，你打算邀请你们学校的外教Tom参加。请你用英语写一封郎件，告诉他志愿者活动的时间和地点，活动内容，以及需要准备什么。
提示词语: Sunny Beach, clean, glove, bag, drinks
提示同题: 1. When and where are you going to do the volunteer work?
2. What are you going to do?
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3. What do you advise Tom to prepare for the volunteer work?
Dear Tom, How is it going? I’m writing to invite you to our volunteer work.___________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 题目② 某英文网站正在开展以“帮助”为主题的征文活动，假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你帮助别人的一次经历，主要内容包括:你帮助了谁，你是如何帮助他/她的，以及你的感受。-
提示词语: help, classmate, friend, study, happy 提示问题: 1. What did you help?
2. How did you help him/her? 3. How did you feel?
I like helping others. ____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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2021北京通州初二（上）期末英语
参考答案
一、单选填空（共6分，每小题0.5分) 1.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查人称代词。根据本题第一句话可以确定所填部分的指代对象是My mother，并且在第二句中代词在谓语动词后面应用宾格，故选C。 2.【答案】A
【解析】本题考查介词。in the classroom”指的是“在教室里”，故选A。 3.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查be动词。根据句首Winter可知主语是单数，故选B。 4.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查特殊疑问词。根据答语可知提问的是频率，故选D。 5.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查形容词比较级。根据题干中“than”可知是比较级;故选B。 6.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查情态动词。根据答语“needn't”可知应该用Must提问，故选C。 7.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查连词。根据句意，“John没买这个外套__它太贵了。”选项应该选“因为”，故选D。 8.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查现在进行时。根据题干中的“now”的标志词可以确定是现在进行时故选C。 9.【答案】A
【解析】本题考查一般过去时。根据题干当中时间标志词“last night”确定填空处应为一般过去时，故选A。 10.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查过去进行时。根据题干中的 when可知意思是“当他看到不同寻常东西的时候，这个男人正在森林里工作。”应填入过去进行时，故选D。
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11.【答案】A
【解析】本题考查一般现在时。根据主语“He”以及“and helps”可知动词选动词三单形式;故选A。 12.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查一般将来时。题干中的“tomorrow”为将来时间点，是一般将来时的标志词，故选B。 二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分) 13.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查名词及常识。本句意为:他们正致力于研究一个关于天气的___项目。选项A译为“数学”，选项B译为“科学”，选项C译为“地理”，选项D译为“历史”。根据上下文逻辑关系以及常识，应选译为“科学”的science，而且本文最后有science原词复现，故本题选B。 14.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查形容词。本句译为“Linda是一个和Jenny很像的努力工作的人，所以两个女孩子很_――_来把对方当做好的伙伴”。选项A译为“抱歉的”，选项B译为“紧张的”，选项C译为“开心的”，选项D译为“疲惫的”。根据上下文逻辑关系以及情感色彩分析。应该选择情感色彩向上的 happy开心的，故本题选C. 15.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查动词。本句译为“他的兄弟遇到麻烦，他必须去帮忙他们正在阅读关于雨的相关内容，并且很诧异地_―夏威夷是世界上最潮湿的地方”。选项A译为“猜测”，选项B译为“感觉”，选项C译为“学习到，了解到”，选项D译为“希望”。根据上文所说，正在阅读相关书籍，所以应该选择符合逻辑关系的了解到 learn，故本题选C. 16.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查动词。本句译为“两个女孩正为刚刚发现的有趣真相感到开心时，突然Linda____ Jenny快要窒息了”选项A译为“告诉”，选项B译为“展示”，选项C译为“警告”，选项D译为“注意到”。根据语境以及“when all of a sudden”这一句:应该是Linda突然注意到Jenny 此时快要窒息的这一状态。故本题选D。 17.【答案】A
【解析】本题考查名词。根据下文，Linda问Jenny是否他快要窒息了，应该是指向Jenny的脖子这一部位〈吞咽所用到的部位)。选项A译为“脖子”，选项B译为“胳膊”，选项C译为“腿”，选项D译为“脑袋”。故本题应选A。 18.【答案】B
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【解析】本题考查副词。本句译为:当Jenny点头说是的时候，Linda__站起来然后对着Jenny实施海姆利克氏急救法。选项A译为“最终，最后”，选项B译为“迅速地”，选项C译为“礼貌地”，选项D译为“仔细地”。根据语境，应表现出Linda急于去救Jenny的急切心情，所以应为立刻站起来实施急救操作。故本题选B。 19.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查动词。根据下文，Linda害怕_―她的朋友，所以第一时间尝试海姆利克法施救，没有很用力。选项A译为“改变”，选项B译为“接触”，选项C译为“帮助”，选项D译为“伤害”。根据上下文逻辑ABC均可排除，故本题选D。 20.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查动词。本句译为“Linda非常勇敢尽力__―__他的朋友”选项A译为“支持”，选项B译为“挽救”，选项C译为“理解”，选项D译为“鼓励”。所以根据文章内容以及多次出现的“海姆利克急救法”可知本题应选译为“挽救”的选项B。 三、阅读理解 (共26分。每小题2分) A
1.【答案】B
【解析】细节题。根据\"Harry begin to skateboard”这句话可以定位到第一个方框第一句，因此本题选择B。 2.【答案】C
【解析】细节题。根据\"Betty likes riding bike”可定位到第三个方框，“she enjoys it best when she and her dad go to a special bike trail”一句。因此本题选择C。 3.【答案】D
【解析】细节题。根据Robert 这一姓名可以定位到第三个方框，第二句。\"He keeps playing football four times each week\因此本题选择D。 B
1.【答案】C
【解析】细节题。根据第四段第一行we decided to volunteer at a soup kitchen the next week 可以看出.因此本题选择C。 2.【答案】B
【解析】细节题。根据第四段第二行，第三行so we felt nervous可以看出.因此本题选择B。 3.【答案】B
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【解析】细节题。根据第五段第二行，第三行Ⅰ served mashed potatoes.可以看出.因此本题选择B。 4.【答案】D
【解析】细节题。根据倒数第五段“What do you get when an elephant crosses a potato?\"\"和倒数第三段“Mashed potatoes.”，可以看出作者讲了一个笑话。因此本题选择D。 C
1.【答案】C
【解析】细节题。根据第二段第一、二句话“It looks as if nothing is happening when we sleep, but our bodies and brains are actually very busy. Our bodies are busy building new cells(细胞).”可知当我们睡觉时候，身体会产生新的细胞。故本题选择C。 2.【答案】D
【解析】猜词题。根据第二段倒数第二句“During sleep, our brains are busy putting our ideas in order and then storing them in our memories.”在睡觉期间，大脑会把意识排序然后__他们在我们的记忆里，可知，应该填储存、保存。故本题选择D。 3.【答案】C
【解析】段落主旨题。根据第四段第一句“We all need sleep. but how much sleep we need changes as we grow up.”\"可知我们需要的睡眠量随着长大而改变;后面分别介绍了新生儿，儿童和成年人需要的睡眠量。故本题选择C. D
1.【答案】D
【解析】本题为细节题。定位文章第一段结尾，对于外国人来说，记住他们是很难的，他们发现，读中文诗，写中文字和明白同一个词在不同句子里面的意思是最难的，只有D选项与文段一致，故本题答案为D。 2.【答案】B
【解析】本题为细节题。定位文章第二段开头，中文现在在世界上更加受欢迎，中国悠久的历史和灿烂的文化吸引着很多外国人来学习中文，只有B选项与文段一致，故本题答案为B。 3.【答案】B
【解析】本题为主旨题。纵观全文，根据最后一段第三句“So learning a foreign language is necessary”和结尾“what's more important, learning a foreign language well will help us tell our own stories to the world”可知本文的目的是鼓励人们学习外语，故本题答案为B。
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(共5分，每小题1分〉
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1.【答案】About 330 bones.
【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词“how many bones...”,在文章第一段第二行。故正确答案为“About 330 bones.”。
2.【答案】The ribs protect your heart and lungs.
【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词“ribs”和“protect”在文章第二段第一句话。故正确笞案为“The ribs protect your heart and lungs”。 3.【答案】It is the femur.
【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词“longest bone”到文章第四段第一行，故正确答案为“It is the femur.”. 4.【答案】In ear.
【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词“smallest bone”，到文章倒数第二段第一行，故正确答案为“In ear.\"。 5.【答案】Because they help us grow, protect us, and allow us to move.
【解析】细节题。根据最后一段最后一句话，故正确答案为“Because they help us grow, protect us, and allow us to move.\"。
五、文段表达(共10分) 题目① 参考范文:
The activity will be held on the Sunny Beach at 8:00 on this Sunday. We will meet each other at the beach at 7:55. During the activity, we can not only clean the beach but also help tourists in need. The weather will be very hot, so I suggest you bringing some drinks. Don't forget to bring gloves, so that you can pick up rubbish. 题目② 参考范文:
I like helping others. In our daily life, we will meet with a lot of trouble. So it is necessary for us to help those who are in trouble.
What I never forgot was that I helped one of my classmates with his English when we were in the first term of Junior Eight. Li Hua, one of my classmates, used to fail the English exam while I did well in it. One day, he asked me to help him. And I enjoyed helping others. So from then on, whenever he had problems, he would ask me, and I was patient to share practical study method with him and encouraged him. We always did English exercise together after school, and he learned very fast. He improved his English skills with my help. At the same time, I found my English is better and better too.
As the saying goes，“roses given，fragrance in hand\". Actually，helping others is helping ourselves.
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