2022年考研考博-考博英语-河北工业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖
析AB卷(带答案)
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
Her ______ instincts led her to fund the construction of a hospital for the poor.
问题1选项
A.far-ranging
B.humanitarian
C.humble
D.popular
【答案】B 【解析】【选项释义】
A. far-ranging广泛的 B. humanitarian人道主义的(主张减轻人类苦难、改善人类生活) C. humble谦逊的,虚心的 D. popular受喜爱的,受欢迎的 【答案】B
【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】根据关键信息fund the construction of a hospital for the poor(出资为穷人建了一所医院)可知,空格处选择B项符合句意。 【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。
【句意】她的人道主义本能使她出资为穷人建了一所医院。
2.
B.gourmet...connoisseur
C.scientist...facilitator
D.tyro...master
【答案】B 【解析】【选项释义】
A. internist...progeny内科医生……子孙 B. gourmet...connoisseur美食家……鉴赏家 C. scientist...facilitator科学家……诱导者 D. tyro...master初学者……能手 【答案】B
【考查点】名词辨析。
【解题思路】根据关键词gastronomic delights(特色美食)可知,两个空格处都与美食相关,这与B项符合。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。 【句意】这位美食家是美食的鉴赏家。
3. 单选题
The ______ was a ______ of gastronomic delights.
问题1选项
A.internist...progeny
单选题
The governor was ______ for wrongful use of state money.
问题1选项
A.implanted
B.impended
C.imbued
D.impeached
【答案】D 【解析】【选项释义】
A. implanted植入 B. impended即将发生,正在逼近 C. imbued灌输,感染 D. impeached弹劾,归咎 【答案】D
【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】根据空格后的句子意思“因挪用州政府的资金”,结合选项意思可知,The governor was ______表示“州长被弹劾了”;因此,该题选择D项符合句意。
书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟! 住在富人区的她 【干扰项排除】A、B、C项都不符合语义逻辑。 【句意】这位州长因挪用州政府的资金而被弹劾。
4.
单选题
A person who is ______ is slow to adapt to a new way of life.
问题1选项
A.nonchalant
B.intractable
C.rabid
D.insolent
【答案】B 【解析】【选项释义】
A. nonchalant若无其事的;冷静的 B. intractable很难对付(或处理)的 C. rabid极端的;疯狂的 D. insolent粗野的;无礼的 【答案】B
【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】根据关键信息slow to adapt to a new way of life(很难适应新的生活方式)可知,这个人是一个比较固执的人,只有B项词义与之符合。因此,该题选择B项。 【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。
【句意】一个顽固的人很难适应新的生活方式。
5.
B.technology
C.are
D.knowledges
【答案】D 【解析】【考查点】不可数名词的用法。
【解题思路】knowledge表示“知识,学问”时,是不可数名词。所以knowledge要用原形,该题选择D项。
【句意】科学技术是受过教育的人的知识的一部分。
6.
单选题
[A] Science and [B] technology [C] are part of the [D] knowledges of educated people.
问题1选项
A.Science
单选题
It’s a pity that she mars the account of what happened by ______ her own views too much.
问题1选项 A.derailing
B.falsifying
C.cowering
D.obtruding
【答案】D 【解析】【选项释义】
A. derailing(火车)出轨,脱轨 B. falsifying篡改;伪造(文字记录、信息) C. cowering(因恐惧而)蜷缩,畏缩 D. obtruding强行闯入;强加于人 【答案】D
【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】由关键信息she mars the account of what happened(她破坏了对所发生事情的叙述),结合选项词义可知,by ______ her own views too much表达的意思是“通过强加自己的观点给别人”。因此,该题选择D项。
【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。
【句意】遗憾的是,她把自己的观点过多地强加于人,歪曲了对所发生事情的叙述。
书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟! 住在富人区的她
7.
单选题
Duane jumped into the pool immediately after lunch, determined to ______ the idea that one must wait 30 minutes between eating and swimming.
问题1选项
A.concede
B.debunk
C.placate
D.dupe
【答案】B 【解析】【选项释义】
A. concede承认,让步 B. debunk批判,驳斥,揭穿……的真相 C. placate抚慰,使和解 D. dupe欺骗,愚弄 【答案】B
【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】根据后面的同位语从句内容“一个人必须在吃饭后30分钟才能游泳”,结合主句意思“杜安饭后立即跳进游泳池”可知,______ the idea表示的是“反驳这个说法”。因此,该题选择B项符合句意。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。
【句意】杜安饭后立即跳进游泳池,决心要反驳这个说法,即一个人必须在吃饭后30分钟才能游泳。
8.
C.as
D.relations
【答案】C 【解析】【答案】C
【考查点】固定搭配。
【解题思路】短语no less than为固定搭配,表示“不少于,多达”。因此,本题应将C选项改为than。 【句意】至于我们的外交政策,与其他国家保持最友好的关系既是我们的利益,也是我们的责任。
9.
单选题
[A] As regards our foreign policy, it is [B] no less our interest [C] as our duty to maintain the most Friendly [D] relations with other countries.
问题1选项
A.As regards
B.no less
单选题
The Medal of National Science is [A] the highest [B] award scientific that can be [C] given to [D] any individual in the United States.
问题1选项 A.the highest
B.award scientific
C.given
D.any
【答案】B 【解析】【考查点】形容词语序。 【解题思路】award是名词,scientific是形容词,形容词应该放在名词前面,所以正确语序是scientific award(科学奖项)。该题选择B项。
【句意】国家科学奖章是美国授予任何个人的最高科学奖。
10.
单选题
The scents of the flowers was ______ to us by the breeze.
书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟! 住在富人区的她
问题1选项
A.intercepted
B.detested
C.saturated
D.wafted
【答案】D 【解析】【选项释义】
A. intercepted拦截;中途阻止 B. detested厌恶,憎恨 C. saturated渗透;饱和 D. wafted飘过,飘荡;吹拂 【答案】D
【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】由breeze(微风)可知,The scents of the flowers(花的香味)是被风吹过来的,因此D项词义最符合句意。
【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句子意思。 【句意】微风向我们吹来了花香。
upon which it comments; thus the ways which various critical paradigms have inscribed the cultural significance of these highly canonized poems tell a good deal about our recent critical history. I have taken the dominantcritical paradigms of the present to be the New Criticism, whose continued viability in the American academy has no stronger proof than Helen Vendler’ s book on Keats’s odes. The point of the discussion of the critical histories of these poems and the theoretical contexts of those histories is not to score points against individual critics, but to illustrate, as clearly and as fundamentally as possible, why these poems have played such a significant role in our modern cultural history, and how they continue to be more than we thought we had bargained for.
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______ 6. ______ 7. ______ 8. ______ 9. ______ 10. ______ 【答案】1.【答案】flourishing为flourished 2.【答案】∧mode of加上a 11. 3.【答案】have改为has 填空题 4.【答案】institution改为institute These readings are indebted to the deconstructive methods of reading that flourishing in 5.【答案】unfortunate改为fortunate Romantic studies in the 1970s and 1980s. The status of deconstruction as mode of literary 6.【答案】∧which加上of
criticism have ebbed in recent years; deconstructive criticism has, on one side, been 7.【答案】depending改为depended
denounced for its supposed deviation from a properly Derridean orthodoxy, and, from another, 8.【答案】be being applied去掉being marginalized by thesimplistic story of an institution history, in which deconstruction reigned 9.【答案】resting改为rests for a brief period in literary studies but has now been superseded by the New Historicism. 10.【答案】∧which加上in In the field of Romanticism,the latter narrative has been given an unfortunate impetus by 【解析】51.【考查点】时态。
Jerome McCann’s critique deconstruction as the culmination of a “text-only” criticism that 【解题思路】根据in the 1970s and 1980s(在二十世纪七十年代和八十年代)可知事情发生在过去,should be superseded by a properly historical criticism. McGann’s anti-deconstructive 所以应该将flourishing改为flourished。 polemics have obscured the degree which deconstruction helped to inaugurate the present age 52.【考查点】限定词用法。
of interdisciplinarity in literature departments in North America. Once Derrida began to 【解题思路】deconstruction(解构主义)只是literary criticism(文学批判)的其中一种,因此在argue that the prestige of philosophy as a master discipline depending upon a sleight of hand, mode前面要加上限定词a。 through which philosophical texts concealed their essentially tropic natures, literary 53.【考查点】主谓一致。
critics quickly realized that the same mode of deconstructive reading could be being applied 【解题思路】分析句子可知,have ebbed in recent years(已经逐渐下降)是对于The status of to any discipline—such as history or autobiography — that claimed to offer a transparent deconstruction as a mode of literary criticism(解构主义作为一种文学批评模式的地位)这一现referentiality.Literary criticism is itself one of the disciplines in which legitimacy resting 象的表述,status为单数,所以应该用第三人称单数,故将助动词have改为has。 heavily on its claims to a referential relation between its own words and the primary texts 54.【考查点】名词辨析。
书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟! 住在富人区的她 【解题思路】institution侧重在制度、社会上的团体、机构,而institute侧重在学术研究之类的学院、团队,而根据后面非限制性定语从句的表述“在这个故事中,解构主义在文学研究中占据了短暂的统治地位,但现在已经被新历史主义所取代”可知,此处应该是关于研究所的历史,所以应该将Institution改为institute。
55.【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】Impetus是指“推动力”,具有积极意义,因此前面的形容词应该同样具有肯定意义。而unfortunate表示“不幸的”,所以要改为它的反义词fortunate。 56.【考查点】定语从句。
【解题思路】句子中which引导的定语从句对degree(程度)进行修饰,关于“……的程度”,which需要与of连用,所以在which前面加上介词of。 57.【考查点】时态。
【解题思路】由主句中的began可知,该句要用一般过去时,argue后面的宾语从句中,depending是现在分词的形式,所以要把depending改为一般过去时depended。 58.【考查点】时态。
【解题思路】could be being applied to“可以应用于”为现在进行时态,而根据上文的时态可知,该句用的是一般过去时,所以要将being去掉。 59.【考查点】定语从句。
【解题思路】根据句子结构可知,in which引导的是定语从句,修饰前面的disciplines,而从句中缺少谓语动词,resting是非谓语动词形式,所以要将resting改为rests。 60.【考查点】定语从句。
【解题思路】which引导的是定语从句修饰前面的way,在从句中表示“用……不同的方式”,一般要与介词in连用,因此which前面要加上介词in。
12.
在这些方面我们都是凡人,终有一死;然而在与真理打交道时,我们都超凡不朽,无须害怕变故。最古老的埃及或印度哲学家,掀起了神像的一角掩面轻纱;那颤动的纱巾迄今依然是掀起的,此刻我所看到的非凡之美,一如哲学家所看到的那般鲜活,因为当初他那么大胆时我就在他体内,而如今我再读仰望尊容时他就在我体内。那袍子如今纤尘未染;自从神明显露以来,也没有时间流逝。那个我们真正拿来用的时刻,或者说那个可以为我们所用的时刻,既非过去,亦不是现在或将来。
13.
翻译题
With a little more deliberation in the choice of their pursuits, all men would perhaps become essentially students and observers, for certainly their nature and destiny are interesting to all alike. In accumulating property for ourselves or our posterity, in founding a family or a state, or acquiring fame even, we are mortal; but in dealing with truth we are immortal, and need fear no change nor accident. The oldest Egyptian or Hindu philosopher raised a corner of the veil from the statue of the divinity; and still the trembling robe remains raised, and I gaze upon as fresh a glory as he did, since it was I in him that was then so bold, and it is he in me that now reviews the vision. No dust has settled on that robe; no time has elapsed since that divinity was revealed. That time which we really improve, or which is improvable, is neither past, present, nor future.
【答案】当我们对人的追求多点慎重多点考虑,大约就会低头俯首当起学生和观察员来,因为人的本性和命运,想必对所有人而言都是很有意思的。为自己或后代积累财产,成家或立国,甚或是树立个人名望,
单选题
The bookstore’s customers comprised ______ group, one of heterogeneous backgrounds and disparate tastes.
问题1选项
A.a ravenous
B.a digressive
C.a motley D.a prodigal
【答案】C 【解析】【选项释义】
A. a ravenous贪婪的,渴望的 B. a digressive离题的,直接的 C. a motley杂色的,混杂的 D. a prodigal挥霍的,十分慷慨的 【答案】C
【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】根据后半句句意“不同的背景和不同的品味”可知空格处所填单词应具有“混杂的”的意思,因此该题选择C项符合句意。
【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。
【句意】这家书店的顾客五花八门,背景各异,品味迥异。
14.
单选题
______, the worse I seem to feel.
书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟! 住在富人区的她 问题1选项
A.When I take more medicine
B.The more medicine I take
C.Taking more of the medicine
A. malevolent恶毒的,有恶意的;坏心肠的 B. violent暴力的,猛烈的 C. lenient宽大的,仁慈的 D. benevolent慈善的,乐善好施的 【答案】A
【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】从gossiping(流言蜚语)可知,划线单词malicious是一个贬义词,表示“恶意的”,只有A选项含义最为接近。故本题正确答案为A选项。 【干扰项排除】B、C、D项与划线单词意思不符合。 【句意】她是邻居恶意诽谤的受害者。 D.More medicine taken
【答案】B
【解析】【选项释义】
A. When I take more medicine当我吃更多的药 B. The more medicine I take我吃的药越多 C. Taking more of the medicine吃更多的药 D. More medicine taken更多的药被吃 【答案】B
【考查点】固定句式。
【解题思路】根据后面的the worse(更糟)可知,the+比较级,the+比较级表示“越……,越……”。因此,该题选择B项。 【干扰项排除】
A、C项填入空格中,后面句子应该用正常语序;
D项缺少主语,且动词逻辑主语和后面句子的主语不一致。 【句意】我吃的药越多,感觉越糟。
15.
单选题
She was the victim of her neighbor’s malicious gossiping.
问题1选项
A.malevolent
B.violent
C.lenient
D.benevolent
【答案】A 【解析】【选项释义】
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