2021年湖南省永州市中考英语试卷(含答案)

来源：小侦探旅游网

2021年湖南省永州市中考英语试卷

第一部分听力技能 (共两节，计20分)第一节 (共5分，每小题1分) 听下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

1．（1分）What is Grace doing now？

2．（1分）What's the matter with the woman？

3．（1分）What does Alice do after school？

4．（1分）Where is the watch made？

5．（1分）How does Kate go to school？

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第二节 (共15分，每小题2分) 听下面六段材料，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 6．（2分）（1）Where does the man want to go？ A.A bank. B.A hotel. C.A supermarket.

（2）How far is it from here to the destination （目的地）？ A.About 4 kilometers. B.About 4 kilometers. C.About 6 kilometers.

7．（2分）（1）What kind of music does Jane look like？ A.Pop. B.Rock. C.Country.

（2）When shall they meet？ A.At 2：00 p.m. B.At 2：30 p.m.

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C.At 3：00 p.m.

8．（2分）（1）What does the man want to buy？ A.Shirts. B.Coats. C.Skirts.

（2）How much will the woman pay for the gifts？ A.20 dollars. B.35 dollars. C.40 dollars.

9．（3分）（1）How was the weather on Saturday？ A.Sunny. B.Cloudy. C.Rainy.

（2）What did Mary do on Sunday afternoon？ A.She visited her grandparents. B.She played with her brother.

C.She volunteered in an old people's home. （3）What did Mike think was the most delicious？ A.Salad B.Cake. C.Popcorn.

10．（3分）（1）What subjects should Lucy study hard？

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A.Math and science. B.Medicine and chemistry. C.Math and chemistry.

（2）What does Bob want to be？ A.An inventor. B.A doctor. C.A teacher.

（3）What does Bob think of medicine？ A.Different. B.Fun. C.Easy.

11．（3分）（1）How does reading make us feel？ A.Happy. B.Tired. C.Bored

（2）Why may good readers become good writers？ A.Because they can read a book anywhere. B.Because their schoolwork may become better. C.Because they may have more things to write about. （3）What does the passage mainly tell us？ A.Reading is a good hobby. B.Reading is Fun.

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C.How to read faster.

第二部分阅读技能 (共两节，计50分)第一节阅读选择 (共40分，每小题4分) 阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在件答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。 12．（4分）

China's unbelievable high﹣speed rail network

At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high﹣speed railways.Slow，crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country，with low average speeds making journeys such as Shanghai﹣Beijing a test of travel.

Today，it's a completely different picture.With 37，900 kilometers of lines，linking all of its major big cities.China has the world's largest work of high﹣speed railways.Half of that total has been completed in the last five years alone，with a further 3，700 kilometers due to open in the coming months of 2021.The network is expected to double in length again，to 70，000 kilometers，by 2035.

（1）How were the trains in China at the beginning of the 21st century？ A.Fast. B.Comfortable. C.Crowded

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（2）How many kilometers of lines are due to open in the coming months of 2021？ A.3，700. B.37，900. C.70，000.

．

（

分

）

（1）41.0% of kids aged use the Internet. A.5﹣9 B.10﹣13 C.14﹣17

（2）What percentage of kids gets news or information online？ A.89%.

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B.76%. C.38%.

（3）What do 43% of kids usually do on the Internet？ A.Play games. B.Buy books.

C.Send or receive instant messages.

14．（10分）Can a green machine help the world's poorest kids learn better？Nicholas Negroponte thinks so.He and his team of scientists have invented a new type of computer.As a result，many children who live in poverty （贫穷） will have their own laptop computers!

Negroponte works at a university.He started a group called One Laptop Per Child （OLPC）.The people at OLPC don't work for money.They work to help children learn.OLPC makes computers that don't cost a lot.Then they sell the machines to governments of countries that have many people live in poverty.The governments then give the computes to kids for free. The XO Laptop computers are made for school﹣aged children in developing nations.Many of these children live in faraway areas and go to schools with classrooms.In order to work，the laptops have to be lasting and student﹣friendly.

The machines have many fun characters like a built﹣in video

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camera，voice recording，and games.The WiFi lets students share information on the Web and read e﹣books.They also can make music and chat with friends.

Another great character is that it can last for a long time.It can be hand charged and also can be recharged by connecting to a solar panel.Because of these characters the XO laptops make learning fun while helping the environment.

The computers have a colorful name﹣\"the green machine\".Negroponte thinks they could make a difference in the lives of millions of kids.He says， \"Every problem you can think of﹣poverty，peace，the environment﹣is solved with education.\" OLPC plans to give out over ten million computers in the next few years.Kids in Thailand，Nigeria，Brazil，and Argentina will get most of them.China and Egypt also want to take part in the program.After that，Negroponte hopes to sell computers to other countries with high poverty.

（1）Negroponte thinks his laptop computers will help the world's poorest kids to . A.work at home B.go to school on time C.learn better

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（2）What can we know about the people at OLPC according to Paragraph 2？ A.They work for money.

B.They give computers to kids for free.

C.They sell computers to governments with many people living in poverty.

（3）Why do XO laptops make learning fun while helping the environment？ A.Because they are lasting and student﹣friendly. B.Because they are made for school﹣aged children. C.Because they have a colorful name.

（4）What does the underlined word \" charged\" mean in Chinese？ A.携带. B.充电. C.使用.

（5）Who will get most of the computers in the next few years？ A.Kids in Thailand. B.Kids in China. C.Kids in Egypt.

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15．（10分）Dogs might have the latest tools in the fight against cancer （癌症）：their noses!Researchers at California's Pine Street Foundation （PSF） say they have trained five dogs to smell cancer on a prison's breath.This could be exciting news.

A dog's sense of smell may be 10，000 to 100，000 times stronger than ours.But can dogs really smell illness？PSF researcher Michael McCulloch says yes. \"We were very surprised by how exact they were，\" he said. \"They were telling who had cancer，and they were also saying who didn't.\"

McCulloch and his team asked four healthy people and one with cancer to blow into plastic tubes （塑料管）.Special materials in the tubes kept the things of each breath.The tubes were then placed one yard apart.Finally the dogs were allowed to smell the tubes.Each dog had been trained for three weeks to sit when it smelled cancer.Ninety﹣nine percent of the time，the dog sat next to the tubes blown into by patients with lung cancer.The dogs were right 88 percent of the time about breast cancer.

Dogs in the Pine Street Foundation test were trained to sit when

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they smelled cancer.How well did they perform？Take a look at this chart to find out. Breath Sample

Number of Times the Number of Times the Dogs Sat Down Dogs Kept Standing

Breath from lung cancer patients Breath from healthy

persons

No lab test for cancer has given more correct results than this test.The results are so amazing that many experts question the dogs' smelling power.They wonder if there were other reasons why the dogs did so well.For example，they thought the way the dog trainers behaved could have influenced how the dogs acted.However，most experts agree that this study is important.The information could help scientists create a simple breath test for cancer in the future.Once again humans may be getting a helping paw or nose﹣from their best animal friends.

（1）What's the latest tool a dog might have in the fight against cancer？ A.Tooth. B.Nose.

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564 10

4 720

C.Ear.

（2）What happened first in the Pine Street Foundation test？ A.The dogs were trained.

B.The tubes were placed one yard apart. C.The dogs smelled the tubes.

（3）What was a dog supposed to do when it smelled cancer？ A.Smell again. B.Turn around. C.Sit down.

（4）Look at the chart.How many times did the dogs keep standing when they smelled the breath from healthy persons？ A.Less than 10 times. B.Almost 600 times. C.About 700 times.

（5）Why do many experts question the dog's smelling power？ A.Because no lab test for cancer has given more correct results. B.Because the dog trainers influenced how the dogs acted. C.Because they don't think this study is important.

16．（10分）What do you do with your rubbish？Throw it out？You

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don't know what you're missing!Look closely at the two figures on your left.They were made from things most people throw away.The figures were made from used bottle caps.Those two bottle﹣cap figures were exhibited （展示） in a museum. Folk art is art made by common people who have not been trained as artists.Their work is often based on traditions in their culture.Fine art，on the other hand，is usually made by people who have had training in art.Works of fine art are valued for their artistic beauty.They are supposed to be looked at but not used.Works of folk art，however，are often made for everyday use. There were more than 800 pieces of folk art from nearly 50 countries in the exhibition.All of the pieces were made from used metal，wood，cloth，and plastic.The artists come from many different cultures.Still，they all share one thing.They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful，useful，and fun.The artists may not think of what they do as recycling，but that's exactly what it is.Fine artists might work with expensive materials.They might use expensive tools to shape these materials into works of art.On the other hand，in poor countries rubbish might be the only material folk artists and toy makers can afford.The exhibition shows that a rich imagination is very important when there are only poor materials.Recycled art

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began long before people began to think about recycling.Some of the objects in the exhibition date from the 1930s.

Even if you don't create art out of rubbish，it's good to save our natural resources.Remember the three rules：reduce，reuse，recycle.If you reduce waste，true things instead of throwing them out，and recycle materials such as paper，plastic，and glass，you will protect the environment.

（1）Which idea belongs in the empty box？

Conclusion （结论）

Details

Art based on cultural traditions Art made for everyday use Art made with used materials

A.Folk art is made by people who are not trained artists. B.The artists come from many different cultures. C.Recycled art began long before people started recycling. （2）What can we learn from Paragraph 3？ A.There was more than 800 pieces of fine art.

B.Folk artists can't shape expensive materials into works of art. C.Poor materials also can be made into works of art.

（3）What is the same thing of the pieces in the exhibition share？ A.They are all woks of fine art.

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B.They are all made from used materials. C.They are all made by the trained artists.

（4）What can we do to protect our environment？ A.Throw away used materials. B.Only use expensive materials. C.Recycle materials.

（5）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ A.Used Bottle Caps B.The Art of Recycling C.A Museum Exhibition

第二节阅读匹配 (共10分，每小题10分) 阅读下面的短文，从所给的A~F六个选项中，选出正确的答案填空，使短文通顺，内容完整，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑，其中选项中有一项是多余的。 17．（10分）

5 ways to train your brain for better sleep

The days are longer，full of sunshine and bright with the promise of enjoying a more relaxing spring and summer with your

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loved ones.But if you want to enjoy your daytime，it's time to improve your sleep during the night﹣time. \"Sleep problems endanger health and quality （质量） of life for up to 45% of the world's population，\" according to the World Sleep Society. Sleep is one of the three keys to a healthier，longer life （the others are diet and exercise）. （1） .Here are the top five ways to improve your sleep and get some zz's： Create a sleep nest

（2） .Science tells us that we sleep better in cooler temperatures of about 60 to 67 degrees Fahrenheit（15℃to 20℃）. Develop a routine

Set up a bedtime ritual by taking a warm bath or shower，reading a book or listening to soft music.You're teaching your mind to relax.And stick to it.Go to bed and get up at the same time each day，even on weekends or your days off. （3） . Cut the lights

Production of the sleep hormone melatonin （荷尔蒙褪黑激素） begins at dark.Research has found that the body will slow or stop it with light on，to get away from any light，even the blue light from your charging smart phone. Refuse the wine

Don't turn to wine to make you calm or help you sleep.

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（4） .Your body needs to experience all three steps of sleep—light sleep，dream，and deep sleep—to fully repair itself. （5） .

Heavy and spicy foods may give you heartburn or other digestive problems，thus influencing your ability to get and stay asleep.

If you try these tips and can't seem to relax，or your sleep continues to worsen，be sure to reach out to your doctor or a mental health professional.

A.The body like routine B.Avoid heavy or hot foods C.Refuse coffee later in the day

D.One of the first tasks is to set up your sleep environment E.Wine may help you fall asleep，but it holds you in the lighter sleep

F.Many of the ways to increase the quality of your sleep are easy to follow

第三部分知识运用 (共两节，计20分)第一节词语填空 (共10分，每小题10分) 阅读下面的内容，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。

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18．（10分）My whole life has changed because of COVID﹣19.It's very upsetting because we can't （1） anyone else and we can't go to others' homes.We have been at home，but I （2） the healthcare workers who have risked their lives every day to help us stay healthy and safe.Here，I describe my experience during this time.

Coming back home from my spring vacation，I got news that school is closed for two weeks.

Being a kid，I got （3） but I didn't know what was waiting for us.I never thought I would be doing my classes online months later.

Right after the \"stay at home\" order，my mother tested positive for COVID﹣19 and our family was quarantined （隔离） for 14 days.It was really challenging for all of us，especially for my（4），who got sick.Those were the worst two weeks in my life.

Watching my mother （5） fever，cough，and shortness of breath was heartbreaking，I had tears in my eyes，but I didn't tell my parents about it.I was thankful that my father is a （6） who knows how to treat COVID﹣19 patients.After three weeks，my mother got better.

My father is a true hero.Not only he was taking care of us，but

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also he has been treating patients with COVID﹣19 every day and （7） the community selflessly.I am proud of him.

This （8） has taught me to be thankful for things we have in life.My father has（9） me to be selfless，helpful，and brave.It is OK to be anxious，but remember that there is（10） at the end of the channel （隧道）and life will get normal again.

（1）A.e﹣mail （2）A.admire

B.call B.like

C.meet C.miss

（3）A.surprised B.excited C.worried （4）A.sister （5）A.continue （6）A.doctor

B.father B.stand

C.mother C.accept

B.worker C.teacher

（7）A.controlling B.serving C.cleaning （8）A.accident （9）A.asked （10）A.light

B.journey C.experience B.told B.sign

C.taught C.wind

第二节语法填空 (共10分，每小题1分) 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(限1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子通顺完整。

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19．（1分）Nowadays，better medical care and cleaner water help people live （long）.

20．（1分）At the very heart of Beijing，the Palace Museum is China's largest of all the ancient （building）.

21．（1分）People around the world are working on （reduce） the causes of global warming.

22．（1分）He who has not climbed Great Wall is not a true man.

23．（1分）The official language of China is Putonghua， the foreigners usually call it Mandarin.

24．（1分）Mid﹣Autumn Festival is a special time for families and it is on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. 25．（1分）Chairman Mao once （say） that women could hold up half the sky.

26．（1分）China （have） three main types of teas：green tea，black tea and wulong （a tea，halfway between black and green tea）.

27．（1分）Mattew Chimudzi wants to study Chinese so that he can have a good （communicate） with people in China one day.

28．（1分）When it comes to my birthdays，I would like to invite my friends （watch） a movie.

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第四部分写作技能 (共三节，计30分)第一节回答问题 (共10分，每小题10分)阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。

29．（10分）Rice is one of the most commonly eaten basic foods around the world.Buying it and cooking it is a daily matter.Yet for many，its presence has been a matter of life and death.It is a main food because it is easy to grow，besides low cost and convenience.A poor community in the developing world may find it difficult to bring in foreign fruits or raise cattle for meat，but it can almost certainly use the land it has in order to grow plenty of rice. This was the great achievement of Yuan Longping，who passed away on May 22 this year.A great Chinese scientist，Yuan successfully developed what is known as \"hybrid rice\" which can produce up a 30% higher output.Yuan Longping was born in the year 1930，a time when China was very different.It was a nation，without modern industry，depending on the rice which they grew.The first few decades （十年） of his life were met with major social events，and a rapidly growing population that made food supply not last all the time.This experience left its mark on Yuan Longping，which made him focus on （关注） farming science and work on his research of hybrid rice.

His achievement would see the rice supply in China increasing

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from 56.9 million tons in 1950 to 194.7 million tons by 2017.By 1991，20% of the world's rice output came from hybrid rice，even if only being planted in 10% of fields.

Always remember，human development begins first with the most basic and sample things，such as developing rice.We should be thankful for scientific thinkers like Yuan.

（1）Why is rice a main food around the world？（2）What did Yuan develop successfully？（3）When was Yuan Longping born？

（4）What made Yuan focus on farming science？

（5）How many tons was the rice supply in China by 2017？

第二节语篇翻译(共8分，每小题8分)阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。

30．（8分）阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。

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The role of the disabled in society

The 2022 Paralympic Winter Games will be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in north China's Hebei province.

Hosting the Paralympic Games will help draw attention to the need for countries to do more to make sure equal chances for all people in society.（1）It is necessary to realize the great achievements which are made by disabled people.

（2）残疾人在中国的生活已经改善了很多，and more achievements are expected to be seen as the country has been speeding up to realize the goal of achieving \"equality，participation and sharing，\" as expressed in the 2019 White Paper on China's 70 years of progress in dealing with the needs of the disabled. （3）The Chinese government is trying to solve the needs of the disabled and provide them with new chances. For example，buildings，holds，public transport and other public places are becoming more wheelchair friendly.

Modern media also play an important role in educating the public about the needs of the disabled and also changing society's image of them，so there is greater focus on their special abilities rather than on their abilities.

In fact，the society's most disabled people provide all of us with important lessons.They show us confidence，creativity and

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positivity.The loser will fail 99 times and then give up. （4）要成功，你必须有耐心，永不放弃。You must always learn from your failures，and move on.

（1）（2）（3）（4）

第三节书面表达(共12分)

31．（12分）每个人心中都有一个闪亮的名字，如张桂梅、钟南山、你的妈妈×××……假如你是李华，请给你的英国笔友Linda写一封电子邮件，介绍你心目中的一位英雄。注意：

1）信中必须包含英雄的基本信息和主要事迹； 2）信中不得出现自己的校名和姓名； 3）80词左右（首段已给出，不计入总词数）。

Dear Linda，

How are you getting on？I'm writing this email to share a

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story with you.

_______________________

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参考答案

第一部分听力技能 (共两节，计20分)第一节 (共5分，每小题1分) 听下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 1．参考答案：略点拨：略 2．参考答案：略点拨：略 3．参考答案：略点拨：略 4．参考答案：略点拨：略 5．参考答案：略点拨：略

第二节 (共15分，每小题2分) 听下面六段材料，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

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6．参考答案：略点拨：略 7．参考答案：略点拨：略 8．参考答案：略点拨：略 9．参考答案：略点拨：略 10．参考答案：略点拨：略 11．参考答案：略点拨：略

第二部分阅读技能 (共两节，计50分)第一节阅读选择 (共40分，每小题4分) 阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在件答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。 12．参考答案：细节理解题。

（1）C.根据第一段At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high﹣speed railways.Slow，crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country，with low average speeds making journeys such as Shanghai﹣Beijing a test of travel.可知在21世纪初，中国还没有高铁。在这个幅员辽阔的国家里，火车运行缓慢、拥挤，常常让人感到不舒服，平均速度较低，使得像上海

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到北京这样的旅行成为一种考验。故选C。

（2）A.根据第二段Half of that total has been completed in the last five years alone，with a further 3，700 kilometers due to open in the coming months of 2021.可知仅在过去5年里完成了一半，还有3700公里将在2021年的未来几个月开放。故选A。

点拨：通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

13．参考答案：（1）A.细节理解题。根据左表可知，41%对应的是5﹣9岁的孩子。故选A。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据右表可知，go online to get news or information对应的是76%。故选B。

（3）B.细节理解题。根据右表可知，43%对应的内容是buy things...such as books，clothing...可知，43%的孩子通常在网上买书。故选B。

点拨：做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

14．参考答案：（1）C.细节推理题。根据第一段Can a green machine help the world's poorest kids learn better？Nicholas Negroponte thinks so.一台绿色的机器会帮助世界的贫困儿童学习得更好吗？

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尼古拉斯尼葛洛庞帝是这么认为的，据此推断他认为他的笔记本电脑会帮助贫困儿童学得更好，故选C。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据第二段Then they sell the machines to governments of countries that have many people live in poverty.可知然后他们把这些机器卖给那些有很多人生活在贫困中的国家的政府。故选C。

（3）A.细节理解题。根据第三段In order to work，the laptops have to be lasting and student﹣friendly.可知为了运行，这种笔记本必须持久且对学生友好，因此可知它有趣的原因是持久且对学生友好，故选A。

（4）B.词义猜测题。根据第五段It can be hand charged and also can be recharged by connecting to a solar panel.可知可以连接太阳能，因此判断连接太阳能是为了充电，因此猜测划线单词的含义为充电，故选B。

（5）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段Kids in Thailand，Nigeria，Brazil，and Argentina will get most of them.可知在泰国、尼日利亚、巴西和阿根廷的孩子将会获得最多，故选A。

点拨：通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 15．参考答案：细节理解题。

（1）B.根据第一段Dogs might have the latest tools in the fight

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against cancer （癌症）：their noses!狗可能拥有对抗癌症的最新工具：他们的鼻子!故选B。

（2）A.根据第三段Each dog had been trained for three weeks to sit when it smelled cancer.在闻癌症的时候每只狗已经训练了三个星期，可知做测试首先对狗进行了训练，故选A。

（3）C.根据Dogs in the Pine Street Foundation test were trained to sit when they smelled cancer.可知在松树街基金会测试中当闻到癌症后狗被训练坐下，可知当狗闻到癌症的时候应该坐下，故选C。（4）C.根据表格720可知闻到健康的人狗站起来的数量是720次，即大约700次，故选C。

（5）B.根据最后一段The results are so amazing that many experts question the dogs' smelling power.They wonder if there were other reasons why the dogs did so well.For example，they thought the way the dog trainers behaved could have influenced how the dogs acted.结果如此惊人，以至于许多专家质疑狗的嗅觉能力。他们想知道狗的表现如此出色是否还有其他原因。例如，他们认为训狗师的行为可能会影响狗的行为。可知很多专家质疑狗的嗅觉能力因为训狗师影响了狗的表现，故选B。

16．参考答案：（1）C.推理判断题。根据第三段On the other hand，

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in poor countries rubbish might be the only material folk artists and toy makers can afford.The exhibition shows that a rich imagination is very important when there are only poor materials.Recycled art began long before people began to think about recycling.Some of the objects in the exhibition date from the 1930s.可知，这里主要是介绍回收艺术的情况。故选C。（2）C.推理判断题。根据第三段They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful，useful，and fun.The artists may not think of what they do as recycling，but that's exactly what it is.Fine artists might work with expensive materials.可知，劣质材料也可以成为艺术品。故选C。

（3）A.细节理解题。根据第三段Still，they all share one thing.They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful，useful，and fun.可知，展览分享中的作品都是精美的艺术品。故选A。

（4）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段If you reduce waste，true things instead of throwing them out，and recycle materials such as paper，plastic，and glass，you will protect the environment.可知，回收材料对保护环境有好处。故选C。

（5）B.标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了废旧物品作品展览，呼吁人们对垃圾进行回收利用如何变垃圾为宝藏。B项\"

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回收的艺术\"最为恰当。故选B。

点拨：首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文，核对答案。

第二节阅读匹配 (共10分，每小题10分) 阅读下面的短文，从所给的A~F六个选项中，选出正确的答案填空，使短文通顺，内容完整，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑，其中选项中有一项是多余的。 17．参考答案：细节推理题。

（1）F .根据后句\"Here are the top five ways to improve your sleep and get some zz's：以下是改善睡眠的五大方法：\"可知说的是改善睡眠的方法，结合选项，应说很多提高睡眠质量的方法都很容易遵循。故选F。

（2）D.根据后句\"Science tells us that we sleep better in cooler temperatures of about 60 to 67 degrees Fahrenheit（15℃to 20℃）.科学告诉我们，在60到67华氏度（15摄氏度到20摄氏度）的低温下，我们的睡眠会更好。\"可知说的是睡眠环境，结合选项，应说首要任务之一就是建立你的睡眠环境。故选D。

（3）A .根据前句\"Go to bed and get up at the same time each day，even on weekends or your days off.每天同一时间睡觉和起床，即使是在周末或休息日。\"可知说的是养成习惯，结合选项，应说身体就像例行公事。故选A。

（4）E .根据前句\"Refuse the wine\"可知拒绝喝酒，结合选项，应

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说葡萄酒可能会帮助你入睡，但它会让你进入较浅的睡眠状态。故选E。

（5）B .根据后句Heavy and spicy foods may give you heartburn or other digestive problems，thus influencing your ability to get and stay asleep.辛辣的食物可能会让你胃灼热或其他消化问题，从而影响你的能力得到和保持睡眠。\"可知说的是食物，结合选项，应说避免油腻或热的食物。故选B。

点拨：做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。

18．参考答案：（1）C 动词辨析。A发邮件，B打电话，C碰面，根据后面we can't go to others' homes不能去别人的家，及常识，可知也不能与别人见面，故答案是C。

（2）A 动词辨析。A钦佩，B喜欢，C想念，根据上文不能去别人的家，也不能与别人见面，这里应该是我们一直在家，但我钦佩那些每天冒着生命危险帮助我们保持健康和安全的医护人员。故答案是A。

（3）A 形容词辨析。A惊讶的，B兴奋的，C担心的，根据上句

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Coming back home from my spring vacation，I got news that school is closed for two weeks.从我的春假回家，我得到消息说学校停课两周。应该是作为个孩子，很惊讶，故答案是A。

（4）C 名词辨析。A姐妹，B父亲，C妈妈，根据下文Watching my mother （5）fever，cough，可知是妈妈病了，故答案是C。（5）A 动词辨析。A继续，B站，C接受，根据Watching my mother （5）fever，cough，and shortness of breath was heartbreaking，应该是妈妈高烧不退（持续）...，故答案是A。

（6）A 名词辨析。A医生，B工人，C老师，根据后面who knows how to treat COVID﹣19 patients知道如何治疗COVID﹣19 病人，可知是医生，故答案是A。

（7）B 动词辨析。A控制，B服务，C打扫，根据Not only he was taking care of us，but also he has been treating patients with COVID﹣19 every day and （7）the community selflessly.应该是他不仅照顾我们，而且每天都在治疗COVID﹣19患者，无私地为社区服务，故答案是B。

（8）C 名词辨析。A事故，B旅行，C经历，根据上文可知是这段经历教会我...，故答案是C。

（9）C 动词辨析。A问，B告诉，C教，根据上文这段经历教会我...，这里应该是爸爸教会我...，故答案是C。

（10）A 名词辨析。A光，B标志，C风，根据at the end of the channel 和上文父亲的故事，应该是隧道里的光，故答案是A。

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点拨：考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。第二节语法填空 (共10分，每小题1分) 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(限1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子通顺完整。

19．参考答案：long意为\"长的、长久地\"，通常用作形容词或副词。根据\"better medical care and cleaner water更好的医疗保健和更清洁的水\"可知，应该帮助人们活得\"更长久\"，填副词long的比较级longer。故答案为longer。

点拨：单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意比较级用法，正确写出答案。

20．参考答案：all表示\"全部的、所有的\"，修饰名词的复试形式，building的复数形式为\"buildings\"。故答案为buildings。