一、理解（概念）：什么是过去进行时？ (1) 表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 例如：
1) They were singing songs from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候他们一直在唱歌。 2) What was he doing all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在干什么？
(2) 由when 引导的时间状语从句，表示过去某一时刻，当一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行；或某一动作正进行时，突然发生另外一件事。 1) It was raining when they arrived at the station. 他们到达车站的时候，天正在下雨。
2) My brother was riding his bicycle when he fell off and hurt himself. 我哥哥在骑自行车时，突然从车上摔了下来并受了伤。
(3) 由while 引导的时间状语从句，常表示在过去某一时刻发生的事情是可延续的或同时发生的，此时，主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：
1) He was selling the newspaper while he was waiting for the bus. 他边等车边卖报。
2) My mother was cooking while I was watching TV. 妈妈做饭时我在看电视。
二、识别（标志词）： 与过去进行时经常连用的时间状语有：this morning, from nine to ten, last night, when, while等。
三、表述（基本句式结构）：
(1)肯定式：主语 + was / were + V-ing + 其它。 I was waiting for you from eight to ten yesterday morning. 昨天早晨从八点到十点我都一直在等你。
(2)否定式：主语 + was / were not + V-ing + 其它。 I wasn’t playing football at three last Sunday. 上周日三点我不是在踢足球。
(3) 疑问式：was / were + 主语 + V-ing + 其它？ What were you doing at that time? 那时你在干什么？
四、不能用进行时态表达的动词。
并非所有的动词都能表示过去进行时。一般而言，下面几类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）。
1）一些非延续动词如：finish, start, win, arrive, fall asleep, join, hear, see 等；
2）一些表示情感倾向的词如： love, like, understand, hate等；
3）一些表示主观判断或意愿的词如：agree, think(认为)， believe, want, mean等词， 4）表示一时性的动词如accept, allow, decide, end, refuse, promise等不常用在进行时态中。
例如：
1) I was falling asleep at 8: 00last night. (╳) I fell asleep at 8: 00 last night. (√) 昨晚我八点睡着的。 2）I wasn't believing him. (╳) I didn't believe him. (√) 我不相信他。
3）I was deciding what to do at that moment. (╳) I decided what to do at that moment. (√) 那时我决定怎样去做。
五、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别：
1、二者都表示“过去某一时间做某事”，但它们表达动作的状态和情形却不尽相同：过去进行时表示行为的“片断”和“持续”，体现在中文意义上，为“（正）在……”；一般过去时则表示行为的“状态”和“结果”，体现在中文意义上，则为 “……了”。 1）Ｉwas writing the letter at that time. (未写完，“写”的片段) 那时我正在写信。
2）I wrote the letter yesterday. (已写完，表“写”的结果) 昨天我写了一封信。
2、过去进行时多用延续性动词，一般过去时则既可用延续性动词，又可用非延续动词。 1）It was raining all night. 整个晚上一直在下雨。 2) It rained all night. 雨下了整整一个晚上。 3）He was playing football the whole of afternoon. 整个下午他一直在踢足球。 4）He accepted my advice. 他接受了我的建议。
实战演练：用所给动词的适当形式填空： 1. At that time they __________ (watch) TV at home. 2.One day，a little rabbit _______ (play) in a small garden. 3. Look! The monkey ________ (climb) the tree. 4.What _____ you ______ (do) at eight last night? 5. Ling Ling, What ____ you ______ (look) for?
6. He said he _________ (repair) his bike at the moment.
7. It was a dark night. The wind _________ (blow) hard and the rain _______(fall) heavily. 8. He _________ (wait) for her girl friend when I met him. 9.He ________ (eat) an egg when I saw him.
10. I was writing while he _________ (listen) to music.
参考答案：
1. were watching 2. was playing 3. is climbing 4. were, doing 5. are, looking 6. was repairing 7. was blowing, was falling 8. was waiting 9. was eating 10. was listening
重点词与讲解：
1．bring / take / carry / fetch
这几个词都有“拿、带”之意，只不过其“拿、带”的方向和意义不同。
● bring 以说话人为中心，意为“带来，带到这儿”等，经常和相关的词语如：bring … here, bring …me等搭配；有时也指“说话者随身携带”的意思。 例：
1) Please bring your little sister here next time. 下次将你小妹妹带来吧。
2) I will bring this letter with me when I leave. 离开时我会将这封信带走的。
● take 指将所指的人或物带至别处，常和相关的词如：there, to+地点等连用，有“带走，带去”之意。 例：
1) Please ask Li Ming to take the box to the classroom. 请让李明将那个箱子拿到教室里去。
2) I was ill last week, so my mother took me to the hospital. 上周我生病了，妈妈带我去医院了。
● 相对于前两个词而言，carry不强调方向性，可理解为“搬来运去”。一般指搬运重物，有时也指 “反复的搬运”。 例：
1) The children are planting trees. Some are digging the holes, some are carrying the water. 孩子们正在植树。有人在挖坑，有人在抬水。 2）The buses carry many passengers every day. 公共汽车每天都运送大量的旅客。
● fetch含有往返之意，常指“去取回来”。 例：The father asked his son to fetch water for him. 爸爸让儿子去取一点水。
2．across / through / over
这三个词都有“通过”的意思。但其具体用法又各不相同： ● across 一般指从物体的表面通过。
例：The young pioneers always help the old men across the street. 这些少先队员经常帮老人过马路。
● through 常指从物体的内部空间通过、穿过。
例：With the help of the guide, they walked through the forest at last. 在向导的帮助下，他们最终穿越了这片森林。
● over 多指事物位置的高低，有“翻越、跨越”之意。 例：The thief walked over the wall and ran away quickly.
3．under / below
这两个词都有“在……之下”。
● under 在表示两个事物的位置关系时，多为垂直关系，此时，两个物体表面可接触，也可不接触。其反义词是over.
例：--- Where are my shoes? --- They are under the bed. 我的鞋子在哪里？在床底下。
● below 在指两个物体的位置关系时，其位置关系不一定垂直，物体表面也不一定接触。有时它也可指“温度”等程度或数量的描述。其反义词是above. 例：I could see the river far down below.
4．gold / golden
两个词都表示“金的”。其区别在于：
● gold 既可为不可数名词，也可为形容词。当名词讲时，表示“金子，黄金”； 当形容词讲时，多指 “金黄颜色”。 例：
1) In the old time, people used to pay in gold. 在古代，人们通常用黄金购物。
2) Mary bought a gold watch for her husband yesterday. 玛丽昨天为她的丈夫买了一块金表。
● golden 意为“金色的，幸运的，难得的”，往往并非指真金，多含有比喻的成份。 例：
1) The girl has blue eyes and golden hair. 这个女孩长着蓝色的眼睛，金色的头发。 2) I will never forget my golden childhood. 我永远不会忘记我那段金色的童年。
5．stop doing / stop to do
两个词都有“停止（去）做”的意思。但是其意义正好相反。
● stop doing sth. (相当于Don’t do sth. any more)指停下来正在做的事情或动作。 例：
1) When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking. (didn’t talk any more) 当老师走进教室，学生们停止了谈话。
2) Stop shouting! The baby is sleeping. (Don’t shout any more)
别叫了！小宝宝在睡觉呢。
● stop to do sth. 可以理解为：stop (动作A) to do 动作B，也可理解为(start to do B.)指停下来(目前的动作)而去做下一个动作或活动，其所指重点是动作B。 例：
1) It’s 12:00 now, let’s stop to have lunch, shall we? 十二点了，我们（停下来）去吃午饭，好吗？ 2) After a while, the PE teacher let them stop to run. 过了一会儿，体育老师让他们(停下来)去跑步。
6. fall down / fall off / fall behind
这几个词都是与fall 有关的短语，它们的基本用法如下： ● fall down 意为“摔倒，摔跤”。
例：The little boy ran fast, suddenly, he fell down.
● fall off 多指“数量上的减少或下降”，也指“从某处掉下来”。 例：
1) The number of the club members has fallen off this year. 今年俱乐部成员的人数减少了。
2) Jack fell off his bike and hurt himself yesterday. 杰克昨天从自行车上摔下来并受了伤。
● fall behind 指速度、成绩等“落在别人后边”。 例：
1) Though Wang Gang tried his best to run, he still fell behind. 尽管王刚全力奔跑，但仍然落在了别人的后边。 2) Work hard, or you will fall behind. 努力学习吧，否则你就会落在别人的后边。
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