大学英语六级模拟试卷516(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级模拟试卷516 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 8. Translation

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

1． For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Why Are There Fewer Students in the Library. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1. 学校图书馆利用不足； 2. 导致这种显现的原因； 3. 我的观点。 Why Are There Fewer Students in the Library

正确答案： Why Are There Fewer Students in the Library? Nowadays on campus, (1) we can see fewer students do reading in the library than before but an increasing number students go to the (2) cybercafes or go out of the campus. Of all the reasons accounting for this phenomenon, (3) the most important one is that the entertainment activities become more abundant than ever before so that there are numerous choices available for the students. They can surf the Internet, watch on-line movies or soap operas, go shopping, or take part in (4) social club activities. Another reason is that digital books get popular among students, for digital books are more convenient than the traditional ones and the resources are limitless. The students can choose whatever they like to read without going to the libraries. From my point of view, books are a part of our life, just as Bacon once said that (5) reading makes a full man. We students should make full use of any kind of resources to broaden our vision, no matter they are traditional ones or new-emerging ones.

解析： (1) 指出现象 (2) cybercafe“网吧” (3) 指出最重要的原因。 (4) social club activities“社交联谊活动” (5) reading makes a full man “阅读使人渊”

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.

The End of the Cash Era In the spring Adam Smith will replace Sir Edward Elgar as the face on Britain’s ￡ 20 note. The first economic thinker to be so honored could well be the last. Not because economists are especially undeserving, but because cash, after millennia as one of mankind’s most versatile and enduring technologies, looks set over the next 15 years or so finally to melt away into an electronic stream of ones and zeros. If an era is represented by its money, the

information age is at hand. Notes and coins are already a small fraction of the money in most rich countries. But going by the number of transactions rather than their value, we still live firmly in a cash society. The European Payments Council estimates that the European Union’s 360 billion cash transactions cost at least ~50 billion a year; others put the bill at ￡200 a head. Visa, a huge credit-card alliance, reckons cash accounts for most of the $1.3 trillion spent a year across the world on small-ticket items. Whether queuing to get money out and queuing again to spend it, or breaking a $100 bill with an irate (发怒的) cab driver one minute and having your pockets and purses fat with coins the next, cash is plainly still king. Yet signs of the new order are everywhere. On February 12th, 19 telephone operators with networks in over 100 countries said that people would be able to use their handsets to send money abroad. MasterCard will operate the system in which remittances (汇款) will be sent as text messages. For people without bank accounts, the credit can be converted into pre-paid cards which can then be used to buy things. “It will revolutionize the money-transfer business,” said Sunil Bharti Mittal, boss of Bharti Airtel, one of India’s biggest mobile operators. The idea is to tap into the more than $250 billion a year that immigrants and migrant workers send to relatives and friends back home. Britain’s Vodafone and America’s Citigroup are also launching an international money-transfer service developed from the M-PESA remittance service which is already operating successfully within Kenya. Sir John Bond, formerly chairman of the HSBC banking group and now chairman of Vodafone, has long been convinced that payments and mobiles would somehow converge. “Mobile phones have the ability to make a dramatic change to village life in Africa,” he says. He also thinks phones loaded with credit will make many of the payments people use cash for in rich economies. For banks with high infrastructure costs, says Sir John, it has always “been hard to make money out of small payments”. But lower-cost business models, some of them from developing countries, are opening up new opportunities. The big attraction of the mobile phone as a purse is that so many people have them - even children. Both MasterCard and Visa have recently introduced plastic cards in America that do not have to be swiped for purchases under $25. Later this year a “dual interface” system will be tested in London. It will involve a single plastic card which combines an Oyster for travel, a standard Visa card issued by Britain’s Barclays Bank for “chip and PIN” payments and a new “wave and pay” Visa for instant transactions up to ￡ 10. Nobody can be sure how fast bits and bytes will drive out metal and paper. A hundred years ago you could still pay your taxes in Uganda in cowrie shells. Perhaps hard cash will always find a niche, tucked away in children’s birthday cards and as money for the unbanked and phoneless. But most of the time a phone or a smart card that can be waved over an electronic reader will beat notes and coins hands-down. The doubt - and the remaining obstacle to digital money - concerns a third property of cash: its anonymity. Gresham’s law vs Moore’s law Rendering cash as pure information is the final denial of the notion that money has intrinsic value: what was once a carefully weighed piece of gold, silver or bronze has become simply a token. That is a hard-won truth. As John Maynard Keynes once lamented, when it appears governments are able to deceive their citizens by

depreciating the currency. Yet when money is minted (铸造) from silicon something remarkable happens. The economics of handling cash - which today involves thick-necked men in crash-helmets - is suddenly embodied by Moore’s law, which has seen the cost of computer-processing power fall by half every 18 months or so. Electronic information is instantaneous, weightless and exact. No longer the miserable fumbling through coat pockets while a line of waiting customers quietly fumes. Shopkeepers can do away with expensive cash floats and elaborate ruses to stop cash fraud - such as charging $4.99 so that the $5 bill most people hand over has to pass through the till (现金出纳机 的抽屉) for one cent change rather than being trousered by a shop assistant. Information-money can be handled by any information-processing device. That includes the mobile phone, which can add to money’s utility in that its screen can display information clearly and it can link to your bank as a mobile ATM at any time. Visa thinks a contactless digital transaction takes less than half the time of a cash one and that people liberated from what happens to be in their wallets spend a fifth more. Which is why digital cash is now solving its chicken-and-egg problem. In the past shopkeepers would not install systems unless shoppers had electronic cash. And shoppers would not use electronic cash unless they had something to buy. But smart cards and readers have become cheap and consumers now possess mobile phones in droves. The trillions of payments that are too small to bear the fees of paying by credit card have come within reach and almost everyone stands to gain. Some Japanese merchants have already begun to offer discounts to people using electronic cash. Others will follow. The buck stops here Except there is that nagging question of anonymity. It is well known that privacy has a lot going for it. The firms running payment systems might sell information about what you buy and when. Prepare yourself for a barrage of e-coupons and offers designed to fit your profile and uploaded to your phone. And there are more serious concerns. In the cash world, anonymity can be a cloak for wrong doing. The suspicion clings that where you find anonymity you find drugs, fraud, money laundering, terrorist financing and a huge amount of tax evasion. No wonder governments have long sought to control anonymous financial instruments. The state is certain to limit the amount that can pass through an anonymous card, phone, or other means of business. Eager to collect taxes from builders and nannies, it will also be tempted to monitor electronic-cash payments. Whether it does so is a political question, not a technological one. You can design payment systems that protect against fraud and yet preserve anonymity, just as you can design open systems or those that keep your identity secret unless the authorities demand that it be revealed. When it comes to trading convenience against privacy, most people seem to back convenience every time. With cash, however, it might be different. The more the state intrudes into electronic cash, the more it encourages inefficient notes and coin. From the first slave who bought his freedom, money has been what Dostoyevsky called “coined liberty”. As Adam Smith would no doubt have observed, just because the state can pry into electronic cash does not mean it should.

2． Why could Adam Smith be the last economist as the face on a bank note? A．No economic thinker could be more honorable. B．Cash is very versatile and enduring.

C．We will not need money in the near future.

D．Electronic money will replace cash in the future.

正确答案：D 解析：第二句中说斯密是第一位出现在纸币上的经济学家，也可能是最后一个。后面一句用not because…but because…给出了原因。原因是，已有几千年历史的现金可能在未来15年内变成一串电子数字，也就是本文的主题-电子货币，所以答案是[D]。

3． The second paragraph mainly indicates that ______. A．notes and coins play a less important role than before B．cash still dominates the economic life in the society C．we don’t need as much money in flow as goods value D．there are many inconveniences in cash transactions

正确答案：B

解析：题干问的是第二段的主要意思。本段第一句说，纸币和硬币在多数发达国家中只占金钱的一小部分。第二句以but开端，直到段落末尾，都是在讲述现金在我们的社会中依然扮演的重要角色：第二句说我们依然居住在一个现金社会；最后一句说现金仍然是王者(king)。[B]概括了本段的主要意思，是本题的答案，dominates对应原文中的king。

4． According to Sunil Bharti Mittal, what will revolutionize the traditional money-transfer business?

A．Alliance of telephone operators and MasterCard.

B．The large demand of immigrants and migrant workers. C．Sending money by text messages. D．International telephone networks.

正确答案：C

解析：题干出自第三段中Sunil Bhaiti Mittal的一句话。原文中说it会给money-transfer行业带来革命性影响。代词it指代的是前文中提到的19家电话运营商与万事达合作推出的用手机短信汇款的方法(use their handsets to send money abroad…remittances will be sent as text messages)。[C]与原文意思相符。

5． What does the chairman of Vodafone John Bond think of banks? A．They can hardly get profit out of small payments. B．They may disappear in the near future just like cash. C．They have greatly changed village life in Africa.

D．They hold a primary role in the money-transfer business.

正确答案：A

解析：本段提到沃达丰老总John Bond对当前支付和手机结合趋势的看法，并在第五句中谈到了他对传统的银行的看法：由于需要昂贵的基础设施建设，所以在小额支付业务中，银行要想赚钱是很困难的(been hard to make money out of small payments)，所以答案是[A]。

6． Visa will introduce a new “wave and pay” card in London for purchases ______.

A．under $25 B．under ￡10 C．abroad D．in traveling

正确答案：B 解析：第五段介绍了维萨和万事达发放新卡的情况。前面说了在美国的情况。第二句说在伦敦也要进行试用。最后一句具体介绍了试用的情况，发行了三种卡片，最后一种就是在读卡器上照射一下就能完成小额付款的维萨卡，额度最高是10英镑(up to￡10)，所以答案是[B]“10英镑以下”。

7． According to John Maynard Keynes, when can governments use devaluation of currency to take in people?

A．When value is inherent in money.

B．When metal currency becomes a token. C．When cash can’t be used anonymously. D．When Moore’s law begins to work.

正确答案：B 解析：本段第一句描述了两种货币观念：信息货币把货币看成是纯粹的信息，不过是一个符号(has become simply a token)；而硬通货则认为货币有其内在的固有价值。第二句说“符号”是一个…事实(That is a…truth.)。最后一句是凯恩斯对这种现象的感叹，说这种情况出现时(when it appears)，政府可能利用这种情况来使货币贬值，欺骗人民。句中的it指代的就是前面说的“金钱变成符号”这种情况。

8． According to Visa, transactions by mobile ATMs can encourage spending by ______.

A．18% B．5% C．4O% D．2O%

正确答案：D 解析：本段前面说了信息货币的操作方便性，说你随身携带的信息处理工具，比如手机，就像是一个移动的ATM机。最后一句中维萨描述了这种情况对消费

行为的影响：交易时间缩短了，不受钱包现金额限制的人们会多花五分之一的钱(spend a fifth more)，所以选[D]，20%对应原文中的a fifth。

9． More and more Japanese shopkeepers encourage using electronic cash by ______.

正确答案：offering discounts 解析：原文中说所以一些日本商户早就开始对使用电子货币的人们提供打折(offer discounts)了。提供打折当然是要鼓励人们使用电子货币。根据题干by的要求，在空格处填入动名词短语。

10． To limit wrong doing, governments have long been trying to control ______.

正确答案：anonymous financial instruments

解析：第一段最后两句提到，匿名性可以遮掩犯罪行为。第二段就介绍了政府由此而采取的管控措施：政府长期以来寻求控制匿名金融工具的使用(have long sought to control anonymous financial instruments)也就不奇怪了。题干中的have long been trying to control对应原文中的have long sought to control，可知答案。

11． More people would use notes and coin to protect ______ when electronic cash payments are under strict monitoring.

正确答案：privacy

解析：原文中说，在需要对交易的便捷性与隐私性(convenience和privacy)做出选择时，多数人会选择便捷性。但是(however)对于现金，情况就不一样了。政府对电子货币监管越多，就会越促进纸币和硬币这种不怎么便捷的钱的使用。显然，在电子货币监管时代，人们使用纸币和硬币不是为了便捷性，而是为了保护自己的隐私。

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.

听力原文：M: Jane, I’m having difficulty with all the theoretic stuff we are getting in our computer course.W: Oh, that part I understand. What I can’t figure out is how to make it work in our program.Q: What is the woman’s problem?

12．

A．Her computer doesn’t work well.

B．She isn’t getting along with her staff. C．She didn’t register for a proper course. D．She can’t apply the theory to her program.

正确答案：D

解析：由She isn’t/can’t可知，女士的话为听音重点。

听力原文：W: We should probably hit the road. It’s going to take us two hours to drive home. Otherwise, we couln’t make it before midnight.M: You’re right. I’ll say goodbye to Michael and thank him for the treat.Q: What can we infer about the two speakers from the conversation?

13．

A．They are at Michael’s. B．They will treat Michael. C．They are going to Michael’s. D．They will go home by subway.

正确答案：A

解析：选项中的They，at/are going to Michael’s等表明，对话涉及Michael的家，听音时应留意They是在Michael家还是要去Michael家。

听力原文：W: Michael, have you seen the new Hollywood movie, Hannah Montana, The Movie? It is great. I love the story, especially the music; that’s my favorite part.M: Well, it is really not my cup of tea.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

14．

A．The woman likes the plot best. B．The man doesn’t take to the movie. C．Both speakers are fond of the movie. D．The man likes the music of the movie.

正确答案：B

解析：选项中的The woman likes，The man doesn’t take to，Both speakers are fond of以及重复出现的the movie等表明，对话可能与男士和女士对某一部电影的评价有关。

听力原文：M: Hello, Cindy. Congratulations! I hear you’re getting married. When’s the big day?W: Thank you. We’re planning a June wedding, but we haven’t picked a date yet.Q: What do we learn about the woman?

15．

A．She will get married with the man.

B．She has got married for about six months. C．She has decided to marry in June. D．She will get married this winter.

正确答案：C

解析：由女士提到的We’re planning a June wedding, but we haven’t picked a date yet(我们正在计划一个六月份的婚礼，但我们还没选定日期)可知，女士已经决定在六月份结婚，故答案为[C]。

听力原文：W: You have an unusual accent, Mr. Robbins. Where are you from originally, if you don’t mind me asking?M: Not at all. I was born in Spain, but I came to the United States when I was a teenager. And I stayed in London for two years when in college.Q: What can we learn about Mr. Robbins?

16．

A．He was born in Spain. B．He grew up in England.

C．He spent his teen years in London. D．He went to a college in the USA.

正确答案：A

解析：由对话中男士提到的…born in Spain…came to the United States when...teenager...stayed in London...when in college可知，男士在西班牙出生，少年时来美国，在伦敦读大学，故答案为[A]。

听力原文：W: Grace is so annoying, though she doesn’t mean to hurt anybody. She is always correcting other peope.She thinks she is a know-it-all.M: I feel the same way. Though sometimes her comments are wise, they are hurtful.Q: What does the man think of Grace?

17．

A．Annoying and mean. B．Kind and friendly. C．Intelligent but mean. D．Intelligent but annoying.

正确答案：D 解析：对话中女士提到Grace is SO annoying，男士听后说I feel the same way. Though Sometimes her comments are wise，they are hurtful，由此可知，男士觉得Grace虽然很聪明，但也让人讨厌，故答案为[D]。选项中的mean(吝啬的)是针对对话中mean(意味，打算)设的干扰。

听力原文：W: What keeps you so busy? You’ve been sitting there for hours. You’ve got to walk around. Let’s take a coffee break.M: Well, I wish I could, but I’m up to nay neck in work. I’ve got to finish this report. Sarah needs it by noon.Q: What is the man going to do?

18．

A．He will take a coffee break. B．He will keep on working.

C．He will go for a walk.

D．He will begin with the report.

正确答案：B

解析：由男士提到的I wish I could, but I’m up to my neck in work. I’ve got to finish this report(我希望我可以，但我工作很忙，我得完成这个报告)，由此可知，男士将继续工作，故答案为[B]。be up to one’s neck in sth.意为“忙于做…”。

听力原文：W: I’ll need to meet with you before you go on vacation next Tuesday, Alex. I have a few things to clear up. How about the teatime this afternoon?M: Sorry, but my schedule is very tight this week. I think the only time I am free is at lunch this Wednesday.Q: When will the two speakers meet?

19．

A．At teatime this afternoon. B．At lunch next Tuesday. C．At lunch on Wednesday. D．At teatime on Wednesday.

正确答案：C

解析：对话中女士询问the teatime this afternoon男士听后说Sorry...the only time I am free is at lunch this Wednesday 由此可知，双方会在男士说的at lunch this Wednesday见面，故答案为[C]。

听力原文：M: I went out with my girlfriend to a nice restaurant last night and I noticed that many people shouted for the bill. It was quite annoying and dislikable.W: That seems to be very common among people now, but I have to say, it is a little impolite in such a public place.M: I can’t agree more. I just thought I’d ask you and see what you thought of it. Anyway, what did you do yesterday evening?W: Well, I planned to go to the gym, but it was really a warm evening, so I walked in the park for a couple of miles. Actually, several other people had the same idea. I saw Bill.M: Did you? How is he these days?W: He is OK. We just stopped and chatted for a few minutes Then he got a call and went back.M: I see. So can you suggest a few exercises to help me stretch my muscles a little?W: Sure. One good way is to do push-ups.M: When I do push-ups, should I bend my elbows so that my nose touches the ground?W: Actually, you don’t need to bend your elbows that much Bend them so that your arms are at a 90 degree angle. The most important thing is to remember to keep your body straight. Many people bend their bodies at the waist which reduces the effectiveness of the exercise.M: What’s a good exercise for my chest muscles?W: Lie on your back, hold a weight in each hand and stretch your arms outside of your body. Then lift the weights up keeping your arms straight all the time.23．What does the woman think of people’s shouting for the bill?24.Where did the woman meet Bill?25.What is the most important thing in doing pushups?

20．

A．Impolite but common. B．Annoying but common. C．Annoying and dislikable. D．Common and acceptable.

正确答案：A

解析：选项均为形容词词组表明，本题可能考查对某件事情的看法。男士开始提到他昨晚和女友去餐馆吃饭，里面有许多人shouted for the bill，他觉得这种做法was…annoying and dislikable，接着女士补充道，That seems to be…common…but…it is a little impolite，故答案为[A]。

21．

A．At the gym. B．In the park. C．On the street. D．At a restaurant.

正确答案：B 解析：选项均为表示地点的介词短语表明，本题可能考查某件事情的发生场所。对话中女士提到，I planned to go to the gym(本打算去体育馆)，but it was really a warm evening, so I walked in the park(晚上很暖和，所以就去公园了)…I saw Bill，故答案为[B]。

22．

A．Keeping the body straight. B．Keeping the feet to the floor. C．Bending the body at the waist.

D．Bending the elbows as low as possible.

正确答案：A

解析：对话中男士向女士询问什么运动可以stretch…muscles，女士给出的建议是One good way is to do push-ups(做俯卧撑)，接着给出了锻炼方法，其中提到The most important thing is…to keep your body straight，故答案为[A]。

听力原文：M: And now, Mrs. Smith, can you tell us what happened at your apartment when the earthquake ended?W: Oh, it was terrible. I’ll never forget it. Well, Jackand I always get up at about a quarter to five. He has to work early. You see, while I was in the kitchen preparing breakfast, the quake came. There was this horrible sound and the floor was just bouncing and rolling like wave, all at the same time.M: Then what did you do?W: Well, we figure out it was an earthquake. Then I crawled under the table, and I shouted at Jack to come. But he just stood there.M: Whoa!W: It lasted 24 seconds, and then it stopped. And Jack and I could hear people talking outside, so we tried to go out to the front door, but it was jammed shut. And

then the first aftershock hit.M: That’s incredible. Then what did you guys do?W: Well, I remember that someone shouted, “Get out of there, quickly!” Jack said: “We’ll go out of the window.” But I called out: “It’s too high up,” because we were living on the second floor. “Not any more,” Jack shouted back. So, we looked out of the window and, sure enough, we were down on the ground!M: Your second floor apartment was on the ground?W: We couldn’t believe it. We opened the window and crawled out. Once we were down safely, we turned around and looked back at our apartment building. The whole first was gone -- it was just totally flattened.M: Mrs. Smith, do you mean that the whole first floor was gone?W: Yes, the first floor was gone.M: And what about your apartment?W: The apartment, can you believe it, had moved and stood there.M: Incredible, Mrs. Smith, absolutely incredible.19. At what time does the woman get up every morning?20.What was Jack’s first reaction after the earthquake came?21.Why did the woman and her husband get down on the ground directly after crawling out of the window?22.What was the woman’s apartment like after the earthquake?

23． A．5:15. B．4:45. C．5:45. D．0.177083

正确答案：B

解析：根据对话中提到的Jack and I always get up at about a quarter to five可知，女士每天早上4:45起床，故答案为[B]。

24．

A．He shouted at his wife. B．He just stood there.

C．He crawled under the table. D．He lost consciousness.

正确答案：B

解析：由对话中提到的But he just stood there可推测，Jack的第一反应是站着不动，故答案为[B]。

25．

A．They just lived in the first floor.

B．Their apartment building is lower than a normal one. C．The floor below their apartment was totally flattened. D．The ground was heightened because of the earthquake.

正确答案：C 解析：根据对话中提到的Once we were down safely…The whole first was gone—it was just totally flattened可知，整个第一层楼全部坍塌并被夷为平地了，所以

他们直接从窗户爬到了地面，故答案为[C]。

26．

A．It was gone completely.

B．It stayed where it was before the earthquake. C．It moved to another place and collapsed totally. D．It kept standing there though moved.

正确答案：D

解析：[B]和[D]的意思相矛盾，根据命题规律，其中之一很可能是答案。由对话中提到的had moved and stood there可知，答案为[D]。

Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

听力原文： Many analysts, energy companies and their investors believe that gas will soon become as vital to the world’s economy as petroleum is today. And we’ve certainly seen the demand for gas surge in recent years. (26) One of the main reasons for this is the search for more environmentally-friendly fuels. Gas burns much more cleanly than oil or coal. In fact, it’s the cleanest burning fossil fuel, which makes it a very popular choice for new power stations all over the world. However, until quite recently it was difficult for the global gas industry to develop. (27) The problem is that gas, by its very nature, isn’t as easy to transport as oil and coal. Obviously, it’s gaseous at room temperature, so a system of pipelines is needed to get it to the customer. This meant in the past, it could only be sold to customers who lived near a natural gas supply. It was too expensive to transport it very long distances via pipelines. Fortunately. there is now a process which makes it easier to transport gas over longer distances. (28) It’s called liquefied natural gas. Put simply, gas can now be frozen into liquid form and transported to distant countries in refrigerated tankers. When the LNG is delivered it is heated and converted back into gas form. Then it is supplied to customers using local pipelines. And the potential profits are enormous for energy firms with the capital to develop LNG projects. Many experts believe that gas will be the dominant fuel for at least another 50 years.26．What is one of the main reasons for the increasing demand for gas?27.What is the problem of the global gas industry?28.What can we learn about the project “IMG”?

27．

A．The large profit of gas. B．The lower price of gas.

C．The search for environmentally-friendly fuels. D．The easy long-distance transportation of gas.

正确答案：C 解析：短文中提到近几年天然气需求量增加，主要原因是人们在寻找更加环保的燃料。故答案为C 。

28．

A．Gas is difficult to transport over long distances.

B．The system of long-distance pipelines is not available. C．Gas is not so environmentally-friendly as other fuels. D．The potential profits are far from enormous.

正确答案：A

解析：文中提到天然气不如石油和煤炭易于运输。故答案为A 。

29．

A．Gas can be used in liquid and gas form. B．It will provide gas through long pipelines. C．Gas is frozen into liquid and transported. D．It will bring huge profits to the researchers.

正确答案：C

解析：文中提到liquefied natural gas(LNG)就是在用冷罐对天然气运输之前，先对天然气进行冷冻将其变成液体。故答案为C)。

听力原文： Adrian’s “Amazing Race” started early when his parents realized that he, as a baby, couldn’t hear a thing, not even loud noises. In a special school for the hearing-impaired, he learned sign language and got to mix with other disabled children. However, the sight of all the disabled children communicating with one another upset his mother. She wanted him to lead a normal life. (33) Then she sent him to private classes where he learned to read lips and pronounce words. Later on, (34) Adrian’s parents decided to send him to a regular school. But the headmaster said regular schools couldn’t take care of a special needs student. His parents were determined to take the risk and pushed him hard to go through his work every day because they wanted to prove that, given the opportunity, he could do anything. Adrian made the grade and got accepted. It was a big challenge. The pace was faster so he had to sit at the front of the class and really pay attention to the teacher, which wasn’t always easy. But he stuck to it and did a lot of extra work after school. The efforts made by Adrian and his parents paid off. Adrian graduated with good grades and got into a top high school. He also achieved a lot in life outside school. He developed a love for the outdoors and went to Nepal to climb mountains. He even entered the World Yacht Race—being the first hearing-impaired Asian to do so. (35) But none of these achievements would have been possible without one of the most important lessons from his mother. “If you believe in yourself and work hard, you can achieve great results,” she often said.33．What did Adrian learn in private classes?34.What was a big challenge for Adrian and his parents?35.What greatly

contributed to Adrian’s achievements?

30．

A．Reading lips and pronouncing words. B．Learning sign language.

C．Communicating with the disabled. D．Looking after himself.

正确答案：A

解析：录音中提到在私立学校里Adrian学会了读唇语和单词发音，故答案为A 。

31．

A．Adrian went to a top high school. B．Adrian went to a regular school.

C．Adrian entered the World Yacht Race.

D．Adrian entered the Mountain Climbing Race.

正确答案：B

解析：文中提到对Adrian和父母来说最大的挑战是上正常人的学校。故答案为B 。

32．

A．His inborn talent.

B．A lot of his achievements outside school. C．His hard work only.

D．The most important lessons from his mother.

正确答案：D

解析：录音中最后提到，所有的成就，没有他的母亲的教诲，一个都不会实现。故答案为D 。

听力原文： Among western rich countries, people in the United States work the longest hours. They work much longer than those in Europe. This difference is quite surprising because productivity per hour worked is the same in the United States as it is in France, Spain and Germany, and it is growing at a similar speed. In most countries and at most times in history，as people have become richer they have chosen to work less. In other words, they have decided to “spend” a part of their extra income on a fuller personal life. Over the last fifty years Europeans have continued this pattern, and hours of work have fallen sharply. But not in the United States. We do not fully know why this is. One reason may be more satisfying work, or less satisfying personal lives. Longer hours do of course increase the GDP. So the United States has produced more per worker than, say, France. The United States also has more of its people at work, while in France many more mothers and older workers

have decided to stay at home. The overall result is that American GDP per head is 40% higher than in France, even though productivity per hour worked is the same. It is not clear which of the two situations is better. As we have seen, work has to be compared with other values like family life, which often get lost in interest. It is too early to explain the different trends in happiness over time in different countries. But it is a disappointing idea that in the United States happiness has made no progress since 1975, while it has risen in Europe．Could this have anything to do with trends in the work-life balance?32. What do we know about the speaker from the passage?33.Which country has more of its people at work?34.What message can we get from the passage?35.Which would be the best title for the passage?

33．

A．He thinks neither of the work patterns is good. B．He believes that longer working hours is better. C．He prefers shorter working hours to longer ones. D．He says nothing certain about which pattern is better.

正确答案：D

解析：短文中提到两种生活方式：美国工作时间长，GDP增长快，但幸福指数没有增加；欧洲国家如法国，工作时间短，GDP增长慢，但幸福指数在增加。由说话者提到的It is not clear which of the two situations is better.可知答案为[D]。

34． A．Spain. B．France. C．America. D．Germany.

正确答案：C

解析：短文提到The United States also has more of its people at work, 在西方发达国家，美国人比欧洲人工作的时间长，故答案为[C]。

35．

A．Americans are happier than Europeans.

B．The GDP of Europe is higher than that of America.

C．People all over the world choose to work less when they are richer. D．Two possible reasons are given for working longer hours in the US.

正确答案：D 解析：短文最后提到幸福指数，并表明美国的幸福指数比欧洲低，故排除[A]；短文中提到GDP，美国的GDP比法国高，故排除[B]；短文中提到，In most countries and at most times...，故排除[C]。短文中提到美国人工作时间长有两种可能的原因：对工作情况比较满意，或者对个人生活不满意，故答案为[D]。

36．

A．Staying at Home B．Work and Happiness C．Work and Productivity D．Americans and Europeans

正确答案：B

解析：选项中实词的首字母都大写表明，本题考查短文标题。短文从各个方面对美国人和欧洲人的工作情况进行了对比，最后引出工作和幸福指数的关系，故答案为[B]。

Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the

听力原文： In most messages, there is an obvious meaning that a literal reading of the words and sentences reveals. But there is often another level of meaning. Sometimes, it’s the (36) opposite of the expressed literal meaning; sometimes it seems totally (37) unrelated. In reality, few messages have only one level of meaning. Most (38) function on two or three levels at the same time. (39) Consider some of these frequently heard messages: a friend asks you how you like his new haircut. Another friend asks you how you like her painting. On one level, the meaning is (40) explicit. However, it’s reasonable to assume, that on another level your friends are asking you to say something (41) positive—about his appearance, about her (42) artistic ability. To appreciate these other meanings, you need to engage in depth listening. When listening interpersonally, be particularly (43) sensitive to different levels of meaning. If you respond only to the literal meaning, (44) you’ll miss the opportunity to make meaningful contact with the other person’s feelings and real needs. For example, if you say to your parent, “You’re always complaining. I bet you really love working so hard,” (45) you may be failing to answer a very real call for understanding and appreciation. In regulating your surface and depth listening, focus on both verbal and nonverbal messages. Recognize both consistent and inconsistent “packages” of messages, (46) and take these cues as guides to the meaning the speaker is trying to communicate. Ask questions when in doubt. Listen also to what is omitted.

In most messages, there is an obvious meaning that a literal reading of the words and sentences reveals. But there is often another level of meaning. Sometimes, it’s the【36】of the expressed literal meaning; sometimes it seems totally【37】. In reality, few messages have only one level of meaning. Most【38】on two or three levels at the same time.【39】some of these frequently heard messages: a friend asks you how you like his new haircut. Another friend asks you how you like her painting. On one

level, the meaning is【40】. However, it’s reasonable to assume, that on another level your friends are asking you to say something【41】about his appearance, about her【42】ability. To appreciate these other meanings, you need to engage in depth listening. When listening interpersonally, be particularly【43】to different levels of meaning. If you respond only to the literal meaning,【44】For example, if you say to your parent, “You’re always complaining. I bet you really love working so hard,”【45】 In regulating your surface and depth listening, focus on both verbal and nonverbal messages. Recognize both consistent and inconsistent “packages” of messages,【46】Ask questions when in doubt. Listen also to what is omitted.

37．

正确答案：opposite

解析：opposite意为“对立面”。空格位于定冠词后，可知应填名词。注意opposite有名词、形容词、介词词性。

38．

正确答案：unrelated 解析：related意为“有关系的，相关的”。由seem和totally判断应填形容词。

39．

正确答案：function

解析：function作动词意为“起…作用”。空格位于主语之后，可知应填句子缺少的谓语动词。function另有名词词性。

40．

正确答案：Consider

解析：consider意为“仔细端详，审视”。空格位于句首，且句子缺少谓语，故填动词构成祈使句。

41．

正确答案：explicit

解析：explicit意为“明确的”。空格位于系动词后，可知应填表语。

42．

正确答案：positive

解析：positive意为“正面的”。不定代词something后面常接形容词作后置定语。

43．

正确答案：artistic

解析：artistic意为“艺术的”。空格位于物主代词和名词之间，可知应填形容词修饰名词，从前文painting可大致推测词义。

44．

正确答案：sensitive

解析：be sensitive to sth. 意为“对…有敏锐的知觉”。由be和介词to推知此处应填形容词或分词。

45．

正确答案：you’ll miss the opportunity to make meaningful contact with the other person’s feelings and real needs

解析：需要格外注意句子的后置定语部分。后置定语结构为to make contact with sth.。句子的谓语部分“错过机会”可以表述为lose the chance。

46．

正确答案：you may be failing to answer a very real call for understanding and appreciation

解析：句子主干为be failing to do sth. 可以改写为fail to do sth.; call for可以改写为need for或 demand for；注意appreciation的拼写。

47．

正确答案：and take these cues as guides to the meaning the speaker is trying to communicate

解析：“信号”可以表述为clues，signals；“说话者的意思”可以简写为the speaker’s meaning。

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Cordia Harrington was tired of standing up all day and smelling like French fries at night. A property developer, she also owned and operated three McDonald’s franchises, but as a divorced mother of three boys, she yearned for a business that would provide for her children and let her spend more time with them. Her aha

moment struck, after she was nominated in 1992 to be on the McDonald’s bun committee. “The other franchisees, all men, thought that was funny because of the word bun,” she recalls. “But the joke was on them: They didn’t know the company would be picking me up in a corporate jet to see bakeries around the world!” The experience opened her eyes to business possibilities. When McDonald’s decided it wanted a new bun supplier, Harrington became determined to win the contract, even though she had no experience running a bakery. Harrington studied the bakery business and made sure she was never off executives’ radar. “If you have a dream, you can’t wait for people to call you,” she says. “So I’d visit a mill and send them photos of myself in a baker’s hat and jacket, holding a sign that said ‘I want to be your baker.’” After four years and 32 interviews, her persistence paid off. Harrington sealed the deal with a handshake, sold her franchises, invested everything she owned, and borrowed $13.5 million. She was ready to build the fastest, most automated bakery in the world. The Tennessee Bun Company opened ahead of schedule in 1997, in time for a slump in U. S. fast-food sales for McDonald’s. Before Harrington knew it, she was down to her last $20,000, not enough to cover payroll. And her agreement with McDonald’s required that she sell exclusively to the company. “I cried myself to sleep many nights,” she recalls. “I really did think I am going to go bankrupt.” But Harrington worked out an agreement to supply Pepperidge Farm as well. “McDonald’s could see a benefit if our production went up and prices went down, and no benefit if we went out of business,” she says. “That deal saved us.” Over the next eight years, Harrington branched out even more: She started her own trucking business, added a cold-storage company, and now has three bakeries producing fresh buns and frozen dough. Grateful for the breaks she’s had, Harrington is passionate about providing opportunities to all 230 employees. “Financial success is the most fun when you can give it away,” she says. “We had a project that came in under budget one year, and we gave each of our project managers a car with a big bow!”

48． To Cordia Harrington, the major benefit of the experience in McDonald’s bun committee was______.

正确答案：opening her eyes to business possibilities

解析：由空前的the major benefit…was可知，空应填一(动)名词(短语)。根据题干中的Harrington和experience定位到第三段首句。题干中的the experience in McDonald’s bun committee即是该句主语The experience的具体内容，故opened her eyes to business possibilities应为答案出处，再由题干中系动词was可知，opened应改为opening。

49． While learning how to run a bakery, Cordia Harrington tried to make her effort known by______.

正确答案：executives of McDonald’s

解析：由known by可知，空应填一表人的名词(短语)。根据题干中的bakery和Cordia定位到第四段首句。该句有两个并列谓语，题干将第一个谓语转化为While引导的时间状语从句；tried to make her effort known by是对made sure she was never off…radar的同义转述，故空所填内容应包含executives；且因Cordia付出努力是为了争取到麦当劳的合同，故应在executives后加上of McDonald’s。

50． The early stages of The Tennessee Bun Company were so difficult that Harrington couldn’t even afford to______.

正确答案：cover payroll

解析：由空前的afford to可知，本空应填一原形动词(短语)。根据题干中的The Tennessee Bun Company定位在第六段前两句。首句讲到，田纳西面包公司开业时恰逢美国麦当劳快餐销售的下滑期，田纳西面包公司的日子非常艰难；第二句具体讲艰难的处境，Harrington只剩下最后的两万美元，连员工工资都支付不起。题干中的couldn’t even afford to对应文中的not enough to，故cover payroll即为答案。

51． McDonald’s allowed Harrington’s bakery to break the agreement and supply Pepperidge Farm because it got ______ from it.

正确答案：a benefit 解析：由空前的got可知，本空应填一名词(短语)。根据题干中的McDonald’s, agreement和supply Pepperidge Farm定位到第七段。该段首句But表转折，说明了Harrington找到走出困境的办法；引言部分给出了具体的解释：如果Harrington公司的产量上去而价格又下来，麦当劳会从中受益(see a benefit)，由此可知，a benefit即为答案。

52． Harrington is enthusiastic about awarding her workers because she felt ______ for the chances given before.

正确答案：grateful

解析：由空前的系动词felt可知，本空应填一形容词，且能用来修饰人。根据题干中的Harrington is…about定位到末段首句。题干的enthusiastic与该句的passionate同义，awarding her workers是对providing opportunities to all 230 employees的同义转述，for the chances given before则对应for the breaks she’s had，由此可知答案为grateful。

Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

In American high schools today, it’s taken as a given that extracurricular (课外的) activities bring students of different races together. What’s more, it’s on clubs and sports teams that the conditions of Allport’s Contact Theory are actually met—

students are working together toward a single goal, rather than competing against each other. If school districts can widely integrate their sports teams and clubs, then they might see less self-segregation in the hallways and lunchrooms. It fell to a Duke University scholar, Dr. Charles Clotfelter, to figure out a way to measure how well schools are doing on this front. Clotfelter could easily look up the racial composition of every school—those numbers are tracked by the National Center for Education Statistics. But the racial makeup of clubs and sports teams wasn’t as easy. How to go about getting a tabulation (列表) of who’s in the drama club, belongs to the engineering society, and runs the school newspapers? Then Clotfelter landed on an ingenious solution. In nearby Winston Salem, North Carolina, was a printing company called Jostens, Inc. Jostens is one of the biggest printers of high school yearbooks. Clotfelter got permission to drive over and haul away a huge random sample of yearbooks from the previous year, which represented a fairly good mix of public, private independent, and Catholic high schools throughout the Midwest, Northeast and South. Then his graduate students found every photograph of every track team, French club and Yearbook Club that existed in those yearbooks. This was over 4,400 sports teams and another 4,400 more clubs, each with roughly a couple dozen members on average—ultimately equivalent to a poll of over 150,000 students. It was painstaking work to catalog the race of every kid in every photo. Clotfelter found that extracurricular activities were far from the desegregating force they should be. The average club was 39% less diverse than the school itself. Fully one-third of all clubs and teams are mono-racial. In fact, there seemed to be a curious phenomenon: white students almost never belonged to a team or a club that was less than 3/4 white, if a club’s racial composition got too diverse, it was hard to find a white face, save for clubs in the most diverse schools. There were also a small proportion of ethnic-identity clubs that whites probably did not feel welcome to join. We couldn’t help but wonder what if school districts were more proactively (积极地) getting kids involved in these activities—making sure that their participation includes kids from all races, ethnicities and socio-economic backgrounds? To do so, districts and schools would need to actively recruit students into various clubs and activities. They would need to make sure that fees for participation don’t prohibit children from low-income families from joining. Bus schedules, too, would likely also have to be addressed, since they often make it hard for kids from other neighborhoods to participate. It would take a real effort, but so many good things come from diverse extracurricular activities, shouldn’t these be fostered?

53． What do we know about extracurricular activities in American high schools?

A．Students are united and work to reach the same goal. B．There still exists prejudice and race discrimination. C．Students from different races have equal access. D．They are organized according to Allport’s Theory.

正确答案：B

解析：根据题干中的extracurricular activities将本题出处定位到首段。该段提到，In…today, it’s taken as a given...together. (在当今美国中学里，课外活动能让不同种族的学生聚在一起被视为是一种假设。)由此可知，在当今美国中学的课外活动中仍存在种族歧视，故答案为[B]。倒数第三段前两句提到，科特非勒的研究发现验证了这一点：课外活动远未发挥其应发挥的消除种族隔离的作用。一般俱乐部的种族多样化水平要比学校的种族多样化水平低：39%。

54． What problem did Clotfelter face when he studied the effect of schools’ extracurricular activities?

A．Students were unwilling to cooperate when he conducted the poll. B．There was no available data of the racial composition of every school.

C．He found it impossible to catalogue the structural feature of all high schools. D．It was difficult to compare the racial makeup of the clubs and sports teams.

正确答案：D 解析：第四段后两句提到，搞清俱乐部和运动队的种族成分就没有那么容易了。要想得到谁在戏剧俱乐部、谁属于工程学会、谁做校报的表格数据是很难的。由此可知，科特非勒在研究时遇到的问题是很难比较俱乐部和运动队的种族成分，[D]中的difficult对应该段第二句中的wasn’t as easy,故答案为[D]。

55． How did Clotfelter manage to solve the problem in the end?

A．By seeking cooperation with heads of the school clubs and sports teams. B．By hiring some graduate students to carry out a poll in the schools. C．By cataloging the races from the pictures presented in the yearbooks.

D．By getting the racial data from the National Center for Education Statistics.

正确答案：C

解析：根据题干中的solve the problem将本题出处定位到第五段和第六段。这两段提到，科特非勒获准拉走从乔斯滕斯的印刷公司中随机抽取的上一年的年鉴样品，并从这些样品中获得每个俱乐部和运动队的照片。然后他的研究生给这些照片中每个人的种族进行分类，科特非勒的研究结果是问答处设题。第五段和通过分析这些照片中学生的种族而得出，故答案为[C]。

56． What did Clotfelter’s study reveal about the extracurricular activities? A．Most of them were exclusive to white and rich students only. B．They contributed to the forming of interracial friendships. C．They didn’t help eliminate racial segregation as expected. D．They seemed to be neglected by American school districts.

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查Clotfelter的研究结论，将出处定位到倒数第三段首句。该句提到，科特非勒发现课外活动远未发挥其应发挥的消除种族隔离的作用。[C]中didn’t help eliminate racial segregation对应该句中的were far from the

desegregating force, as expected对应该句中的they should be，故答案为[C]。

57． To promote extracurricular mixing, the author suggests districts and schools ______.

A．rearrange the school shuttles B．set stricter rules for the activities C．offer free buses for poor students D．make some curricular changes

正确答案：A

解析：倒数第二段提到，学区应主动地让所有孩子参加这些课外活动：学区和学校需要积极动员学生参加各种俱乐部和活动；他们需要确保参加费用不至于阻碍来自低收入家庭孩子的参与；校车时刻表问题也可能必须要设法解决。[A]中的rearrange the school shuttles对应该段中的Bus schedules, too, would...be addressed，故答案为[A]。

The debate over spanking (打屁股) goes back many years, but the essential question often escapes discussion: Does spanking actually work? In the short term, yes. You can correct immediate misbehavior with a slap or two on the rear end or hand. But what about the long-term impact? Can spanking lead to permanent, hidden scars on children years later? On Sept 25, a sociologist from the University of New Hampshire, Murray Straus, presented a paper at the International Conference on Violence, Abuse and Trauma (创伤) in San Diego suggesting that corporal punishment (体罚) does leave a long-lasting mark—in the form of lower IQ. Straus, who is 83 and has been studying corporal punishment since 1969, found that kids who were physically punished had up to a five-point lower IQ score than kids who weren’t. So how might getting spanked on the bottom actually affect the workings of the brain? Straus notes that being spanked or hit is associated with fright and stress; kids who experience that kind of trauma have a harder time focusing and learning. In another recent paper that he co-authored with Paschall, Straus writes that previous research has found that even after you control for parental education and occupation, children of parents who use corporal punishment are less likely than other kids to graduate from college. Still, it’s not clear if spanking causes lower cognitive ability or if lower cognitive ability might somehow lead to more spanking. It’s quite possible that kids with poor reasoning skills misbehave more often and therefore bring harsher punishment. “It could be that lower IQ causes parents to get very annoyed and hit more,” Straus says, although he notes that a recent Duke University study of low-income families found that toddlers’ low mental ability did not predict an increase in spanking. (The study did find, however, that kids who were spanked at age 1 displayed more aggressive behavior by age 2 and scored lower on cognitive development tests by age 3.) “I believe the relationship between corporal punishment and IQ is probably bidirectional,” says Straus. “There has to be something the kid is doing that’s wrong that leads to corporal punishment. The problem is, when the parent does that, it seems to have counterproductive results to cognitive ability in

the long term.” The preponderance (优势) of evidence points away from corporal punishment, which the European Union and the UN have recommended against, but the data suggest that most parents, especially those in the U.S., still spank their kids. It’s most common among African-American families, Southern families, parents who were spanked as children themselves and those who identify themselves as conservative Christians. Sometimes spanking seems like the only way to get through to an unruly toddler. But the price for fixing his poor short-term conduct might be an even more troublesome outcome in the future.

58． What should be discussed on spanking according to the author? A．Which part of body should be hit. B．What potential side effects it has. C．Whether parents have rights to spank. D．How to prevent injury when spanking:.

正确答案：B

解析：根据题干中的discussed将本题出处定位到首段首句。该句提到关于打孩子的争论可追溯到很多年前，但最本质的问题往往被回避。通过分析发现，下面提到的三个问题都是围绕这句话展开的。第三个问题提到体罚是否会在孩提时代之后留下永久的、隐藏的伤痕?也就是说体罚会不会有潜在的副作用，故答案为[B]。

59． According to Murray Straus, what’s the influence of spanking on kids in the long run?

A．It helps correct kids’ bad behaviors for good. B．Kids spanked are more likely to commit a crime. C．It leaves permanent physical scars on kids. D．Kids spanked are not as smart as those not.

正确答案：D

解析：根据题干中的Murray Straus将本题出处定位到第二段。该段末句提到，他发现和没有受过体罚的小孩相比，受过体罚的小孩的智商值要低5分之多，[D]正是对该句的同义转述，故答案为[D]。

60． What can we infer from the third paragraph? A．Spanking has nothing to do with brain hurt. B．It’s not children’s fault not going to college.

C．Physical punishment can affect kids emotionally. D．Parental education plays no part in kids’ study.

正确答案：C 解析：根据题干中的the third paragraph将本题出处定位到第三段。该段第二句提到被打屁股或挨打与恐惧和压力有联系，经历过那种精神创痛的儿童在集中

注意力和学习方面更吃力，由此推断，体罚会在精神上影响孩子，故答案为[C]。

61． What did a recent Duke University study reveal? A．Kids poor in cognition were more likely to be spanked. B．Corporal punishment did bring about wounds to kids. C．The earlier kids were spanked, the lower IQs they had. D．Low-IQ kids may display misbehaviors more often.

正确答案：B 解析：根据题干中的a recent Duke University study将本题出处定位到第四段第三句。通过往下阅读发现，其下一句也是这项研究(The study指的是a recent Duke University study)的结论：那些1岁时被体罚的孩子到了2岁时行为上表现得更好斗，并且在3岁时认知发展测试成绩更低。由此可得出结论，杜克大学的研究表明体罚确实对孩子有影响，故答案为[B]。

62． What’s the attitude of the U.N. towards physical punishment? A．Disapproved. B．Concerned. C．Indifferent. D．Recommended.

正确答案：A

解析：根据题干中的the U. N. 将本题出处定位到倒数第二段首句。通过分析句子结构可知，which…the U. N. have recommended against修饰先行词corporal punishment, corporal punishment. 在which引导的非限定性定语从句里做against的宾语。题干中的physical punishment是对corporal punishment的同义转换。[A]中的Disapproved是对against的同义转换，故答案为[A]。

Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.

American culture has been enriched by the values and belief systems of virtually every part of the world. The one value that nearly every American would agree upon is individual freedom. Whether you call it individual freedom, individualism, or【62】, it is the cornerstone of American values. It permeates every【63】of their society.【64】their economic system may be dominated by large corporations, the majority of American businesses are small, and many are owned by an individual or a family. It is part of the “American dream” to “be your own boss”, and being an entrepreneur is one of the most【65】ways to improve one’s economic future. Education is often regarded as the key to opportunity,【66】financial security. Americans take a pragmatic【67】to learning, so what one learns outside the classroom【68】internship, extracurricular activities and the like are often considered as important as what is learned in the classroom.【69】, lifelong learning is valued,

which results in many adult continuing education programs. 【70】aspect of American society that may【71】non-Americans is the family. The nuclear family structure (parents and children) is【72】that in most cultures in the world, so it is often misunderstood. An important【73】of the American family is to bring about the happiness and independence of each individual family member. Privacy is also important to Americans. The【74】of individual privacy may sometimes make it slower to make friends.【75】Americans respect one’s privacy, they may not go much【76】a friendly “hello”. Ironically, it is usually the foreigner who must be more assertive if a friendship is to be【77】. The rugged individualism valued by most Americans stems from their frontier heritage. Early settlers had to be self-sufficient, which【78】them to be inventive. Their success gave them a(n)【79】about the future and a belief that problems could be solved. This positive spirit【80】Americans to take risks in areas where others might only dream, resulting in tremendous advance【81】technology, health and science.

63．

A．dignity B．entity

C．independence D．autonomy

正确答案：C

解析：语义衔接题。空前的or表明，本空所填词与前面提到的：individual freedom(个人自由)和individualism(个人主义)并列且语义相近，都是对it不同叫法的解释说明，选项中的[C]independence“独立，自主”符合语境，故答案为[C]。

64． A．aspect B．space C．view D．angle

正确答案：A

解析：语义衔接题。结合语境，前面提到个人自由是美国价值观的基石，也就是说个人自由在美国社会普遍存在，即贯穿于美国社会的每一个方面，故答案为[A]aspect“方面”。

65． A．When B．While C．If D．Since

正确答案：B

解析：逻辑衔接题。结合语境，这里首先提到美国经济体系可能是由大公司主导的，接着提到美国企业大多数规模很小，而且很多由个人或家庭经营，显然是把economic system和American businesses作对比，故答案为[B]While“而”。

66．

A．moderating B．approving C．appreciating D．appealing

正确答案：D 解析：语义衔接题。此处是说，成为企业家是改善自己经济前景的方法之一，前面提到成为“自己的老板”是“美国梦”的一部分，既然当老板是梦想的一部分，那么通过创业当老板来改善自己经济状况应该是很具有吸引力的，故答案为[D]appealing“吸引人的”。

67．

A．containing B．incorporating C．comprising D．including

正确答案：D

解析：语义衔接题。此处是说，教育被认为是打开机会大门的钥匙，也包括获得经济保障的机会。

68．

A．approach B．means C．way D．method

正确答案：A

解析：结构衔接题。根据空后的to可首先排除[B]means和[D]method，因为二者常与of搭配使用。

69． A．with B．among C．through D．upon

正确答案：C

解析：惯用衔接题。through常用来表示“从…中学到…”或“通过…学到…”，故答案为[C]through。此处是说通过课堂外的实习和课外活动中学到的东西。

70．

A．However B．Otherwise C．Whereas

D．Consequently

正确答案：D

解析：逻辑衔接题。终身学习既包括在教室内的学习，也包括在教室外的学习，很显然是因为美国人采取务实的态度学习，认为在教室外学到的东西跟教室内学到的东西一样重要，所以终身学习才被重视，故答案为[D]Consequently“因此，所以”，表因果关系。

71． A．Any B．Another C．One D．Other

正确答案：B

解析：结构衔接题。本段讲述美国社会的另一个方面即家庭，故答案为[B]Another“另外一个”，常用来表示不确定数目中的另一个。

72．

A．degrade B．evoke C．bewilder D．divert

正确答案：C

解析：语义衔接题。结合语境，后面提到美国的核心家庭结构经常被误解，由此可知，非美国人对美国家庭应该是不了解，也就是说美国家庭使非美国人迷惑，故答案为[C]bewilder“使迷惑，使困惑”。

73． A．unlike B．alike C．like D．liking

正确答案：D

解析：[A]语义衔接题。结合语境，后面提到美国的核心家庭结构经常被误

解，由此可推断出，美国的核心家庭结构应该与世界其他文化中的不同，故答案为[A]unlike“不同的”。

74．

A．finding B．purpose C．prospect D．proposal

正确答案：B

解析：语义衔接题。结合语境，给每个家庭成员带来幸福和独立应该是美国家庭的一个重要目的，故答案为[B]purpose“目的”，purpose与后面的to搭配。

75． A．motive B．ideal

C．comprehension D．notion

正确答案：D

解析：语义衔接题。结合语境，前面提到隐私对美国人来说也很重要，也就是说美国人的隐私观很强，那么这里应该是说个人隐私的观念有时候可能会使交朋友变得很慢，故答案为[D]notion“观念”。

76．

A．Because B．Nonetheless C．Therefore D．Whether

正确答案：A

解析：逻辑衔接题。这里提到美国人尊重个人隐私，后面提到他们不会…，很显然前后为因果关系，故答案为A

77． A．except B．besides C．beyond D．despite

正确答案：C

解析：语义衔接题。既然美国人尊重隐私，那么除了一句友好的“你好”，也就是除了打招呼，他们应该不会说太多或问太多，即他们不会超打招呼这个范围，故答案为[C]beyond“超出…的范围”。

78．

A．invented B．discovered C．located D．developed

正确答案：D 解析：语义衔接题。这里提到如果友谊要…，通常是外国人必须更主动一些。结合前面提到的美国人交朋友较慢，他们不会超出一句友好的“你好”这个范围可知，这里应该是说如果要建立友谊，故答案为[D]developed“建立”。

79．

A．constrained B．compelled C．repelled D．reconciled

正确答案：B

解析：语义衔接题。前面提到早期定居者必须自给自足，which引导的定语从句提到他们需要有创造性，而他们具有造性就是为了创造东西满足自己的需求。由此可知，自给自足的需求迫使他们具有创造性，故答案为[B]compelled“迫使”，常用结构：compel sb.to do sth.。

80．

A．pessimism B．passion C．optimism D．suspicion

正确答案：C

解析：语义衔接题。后面提到This positive spirit(这种积极的精神)，指代前面提到的a(n)(79)about the future and a belief...solved。由此可知，这里应该是一种积极的态度，故[B]passion“热情”和[C]optimism“乐观”入选。

81．

A．encourages B．enables C．enforces D．ensures

正确答案：B

解析：语义衔接题。结合语境，后面提到产生了巨大的进步，既然是取得进步，那肯定是付出了行动，也就是说，这种积极的精神使美国人能够在别人可能

只是梦想的领域冒险，故答案为[B]enables“使能够”，常用于enable sb.to do sth.结构。

82． A．in B．on C．from D．under

正确答案：A

解析：惯用衔接题。advance常与in搭配使用，表示在某方面的进步，故答案为[A]in。

Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences in the blanks by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

83． Much ______ (令我们欣慰的是), Mary’s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.

正确答案：to our relief 解析：“令某人…的是”通常用to one’s + n. 表达。“欣慰”可翻译为relief。

84． I stared into the blackness and wondered if he was as aware of my presence ______(正像我意识到他的出现一样).

正确答案：as I was of his (presence) 解析：“我意识到他的出现”是一个完整的句子，“正像”应当用连词as“正像…一样”like作介词时也意为“像…”，但只能与名词或代词连用。

85． His intelligence and experience will ______ (使他能够应付复杂局面).

正确答案：enable him to cope with the complicated situation 解析：“使某人能够做某事”可用enable sb. to do sth. 表达“应付”可译为cope with或deal with；“复杂的局面”可译为complicated situation或complex circumstances。

86． At last she left her house and got to the airport, ______ (不料却看到飞机正起飞).

正确答案：only to see the plane taking off 解析：强调和希望相反的结果常用only to do sth. 表达；“看到…正在做某事”可译为see…doing sth. ；“(飞机)起飞”可用take off来表达。

87． Humidity is so intense in some parts of the tropics that Europeans

______(发现他们没法忍受).

正确答案：find (that) they are unable to endure it 解析：“发现”可用find表达，其后可跟that引导的宾语从句，that可省略“忍受”可用endure或bear表达。