高考英语二模试卷
题号 得分 I II III IV V 总分
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
If you've always wanted to start your own herb or vegetable garden but don't have the yard space or the \"green thumb\" to pull it off， there's now another option． The OGarden Smart is an indoor gardening system that grows up to 90 plants at one time-20 of which are safe to eat． Strawberries， green beans， peppers， green onions， and cherry tomatoes are just a few of the fruits and vegetables the OGarden can grow． Up to 30 potted plants can be placed on a lower shelf， where the seeds are allowed to germinate （发芽）． Once they germinate， the plants can then be moved to the turning wheel up above， which holds up to 60 plants at a time． It takes about 30 to 40 days to harvest the produce， depending on the type of plant grown．
The system is self-watering and uses automatic LED lights to provide the right amount of sunlight， no matter what season it is． The only work that's required is planting the seeds and refilling the water tank once a week．
The OGarden Smart is the second product introduced by company co-founders Pierre Nibart and Pierre-Etienne Bourget， of Quebec， Canada． The original OGarden appeared in 2017， and the Smart upgrade adds a few new features， including automatic watering， automatic LED lighting， and a water warning system． Some reviewers of the original OGarden commented that the system is easy to use， and that the vegetables taste better than store-bought produce．
The OGarden Smart will set you back ﹩859 Canadian dollars （about ﹩650 USD） if you order it on Kickstarter at a discounted rate， but the company's founders are quick to point out that it will help you save money in the long-run． The system lets you grow organic （有机的） produce at a small part of the price you'd pay at your local grocery store．
To see some of the buying options available， check out the project's Kickstarter page． Any orders that are placed will be delivered this May． 1. What is the OGarden Smart？ ______
A. A self-watering system． B. A water warning system． C. An indoor gardening system． D. An automatic lighting system．
2. What can you learn about the OGarden Smart from the passage？ ______
A. It can be used all year round． B. It grows up to 60 plants at a time．
C. It is designed for people who have a yard．
D. It moves the plants from the shelf automatically．
3. The OGarden Smart can help you save money in the long-run mainly because of its
______ ．
A. automatic upgrade B. free after-sales service C. low energy consumption D. harvest of organic produce
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B
As the Camp Fire continued， killing at least 85 people and displacing thousands more in Northern California， Madison waited there．
Gaylord， the Anatolian shepherd mix's owner， was not able to get to her home in Paradise， when the fire began to spread， meaning Madison was left behind． For weeks， all Gaylord could do was pray for Madison's safety， according to California-based animal rescue organization Paw Print Rescue．
Sullivan， a volunteer with the organization， had already helped locate Madison's brother Miguel in a different city． But Madison was even more difficult to find． Sullivan spotted Madison a few times in a canyon （峡谷）， apparently guarding his land， and put out fresh food and water regularly in hopes that the dog would turn up， according to a Facebook post by Sullivan． She even placed an article of clothing that smelled like Gaylord near the home \"to keep Madison's hope alive until his people could return，\" Sullivan wrote．
When the evacuation （疏散） order was lifted last week and Gaylord went back to her home-which had been ruined by the fire-her prayers were answered： Madison was there， seemingly protecting what little remained of his family's home． \"Well， I'm so happy to report that Gaylord was allowed to return to her home today and THERE MADISON WAS!!!! He had stayed to protect what was left of his home， and never gave up on his people!\" Sullivan wrote in the comment on her Facebook post． \"I'm so happy I'm crying as I write this! He didn't give up through the storms or the fire!\" she added．
Soon afterward， Madison was reunited with Miguel for the first time since the fire broke out． An emotional Gaylord said in an interview with the network that she was overcome with joy to see Madison waiting for her． She also expressed how grateful she was to
Sullivan． Gaylord said fighting through tears， \"You could never ask for better animals． He is the best dog．\"
4. What did Madison do during the Camp Fire？ ______
A. He rescued Sullivan． B. He waited for Gaylord． C. He stayed with Miguel． D. He ran away from Paradise．
5. Why did Sullivan place an article of clothing smelling like Gaylord near the home？
______
A. To keep Madison warm． B. To get Madison to turn up．
C. To help Madison remember his owner． D. To encourage Madison not to give up． 6. Where was Madison finally found？ ______
A. In a different city． B. In a canyon． C. At a camp． D. At his home． 7. What quality is emphasized in this story？ ______
A. Patience． B. Unity． C. Devotion． D. Wisdom．
C
Choosing to forget something might take more mental effort than trying to remember it， researchers at The University of Texas at Austin discovered through neuroimaging （神经成像）．
These findings， published in the Journal of Neuroscience， suggest that in order to forget an unwanted experience， more attention should be focused on it． This surprising result
continues previous research on intentional forgetting， which focused on reducing attention to
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the unwanted information through redirecting attention away from unwanted experiences or holding back the memory's retrievals （恢复）．
\"We may want to get rid of memories that cause nonadaptive responses， such as upsetting memories， so that we can respond to new experiences in more adaptive ways，\" said Jarrod Lewis-Peacock， the study's senior author and an assistant professor of psychology at UT Austin． \"Decades of research has shown that we have the ability to voluntarily forget
something， but how our brains do that is still being questioned． Once we can figure out how memories are weakened and design ways to control this， we can design treatment to help people rid themselves of unwanted memories．\"
Using neuroimaging to track patterns of brain activity， the researchers showed a group of healthy adults images of scenes and faces， instructing them to either remember or forget each image． Their findings not only confirmed that humans have the ability to control what they forget， but that successful intentional forgetting required \"moderate （适中的） levels\" of brain activity in these sensory and perceptual areas （感官区域）-more activity than what was required to remember．
\"A moderate level of brain activity is critical to this forgetting mechanism． Too strong， and it will strengthen the memory； too weak， and you won't change it，\" said Tracy Wang， lead author of the study and a psychology postdoctoral fellow at UT Austin． \"Importantly， it's the intention to forget that increases the activation of the memory， and when this activation hits the ‘moderate level' sweet spot， that's when it leads to later forgetting of that experience．\" The researchers also found that participants were more likely to forget scenes than faces， which can carry much more emotional information， the researchers said．
\"We're learning how these mechanisms in our brain respond to different types of information， and it will take a lot of further research and replication （重复） of this work before we understand how to control our ability to forget，\" said Lewis-Peacock， who has begun a new study using neurofeedback to track how much attention is given to certain types of memories． \"This will make way for future studies on how we process， and hopefully get rid of， those really strong， sticky emotional memories， which can have a powerful effect on our health and well-being，\" Lewis-Peacock said．
8. Previous studies on intentional forgetting researched ______ ．
A. the pattern of brain activity
B. the process of recovering a memory
C. the way to reduce attention to unwanted information D. the amount of attention required by intentional forgetting
9. According to Tracy Wang， forgetting is possible when ______ ．
A. people respond to new experiences in an adaptive way B. the activation of the memory reaches a certain level C. people have the strongest intention to forget D. the information involves more emotion
10. Lewis continues his study to find out ______ ．
A. how to control people's ability to forget
B. where to apply the findings of his team's latest study C. what effects upsetting memories have on people's health
D. if different types of information requires different levels of attention 11. What is the best title of the article？ ______
A. Where does forgetting take place？ B. How does attention affect memory？
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C. Forgetting uses more brain power than remembering D. Forgetting is far more difficult than we once imagined
D
The new social robots， including Jibo， Cozmo， Kuri and Meccano M．A．X．， bear some resemblance to assistants like Apple's Siri， but these robots come with something more． They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with their personality． They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us． Time magazine hailed the robots （称赞）
that \"could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines．\" But is reshaping how we interact with machines a good thing， especially for children？
Some researchers in favor of the robots don't see a problem with this． People have relationships with many kinds of things． Some say robots are just another thing with which we can have relationships． To support their argument， roboticists sometimes point to how children deal with toy dolls． Children animate （赋予…生命） dolls and turn them into imaginary friends． Jibo， in a sense， will be one more imaginary friend， and arguably a more intelligent and fun one．
Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different， though． Today's robots tell children that they have emotions， friendships， even dreams to share． In reality， the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery． For instance， Cozmo the robot needs to be fed， repaired and played with． Boris Sofman， the chief executive of Anki， the company behind Cozmo， says that the idea is to create \"a deeper and deeper emotional connection …And if you neglect him， you feel the pain of that．\" What is the point of this， exactly？ What does it mean to feel the pain of neglecting something that feels no pain at being neglected， or to feel anger at being neglected by something that doesn't even know it is neglecting you？
This should not be our only concern． It is troubling that these robots try to empathize with children． Empathy allows us to put ourselves in the place of others， to know what they are feeling． Robots， however， have no emotions to share， and they cannot put themselves in our place． No matter what robotic creatures \"say\" or squeak， they don't understand our emotional lives． They present themselves as empathy machines， but they are missing the essential equipment． They have not been born， they don't know pain， or death， or fear． Robot thinking may be thinking， but robot feeling is never feeling， and robot love is never love．
What is also troubling is that children take robots' behavior to indicate feelings． When the robots interact with them， children take this as evidence that the robots like them， and when robots don't work when needed， children also take it personally． Their relationships with the robots affect their self-esteem （自尊）． In one study， an 8-year-old boy concluded that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot liked his brothers better．
For so long， we dreamed of artificial intelligence offering us not only simple help but conversation and care． Now that our dream is becoming real， it is time to deal with the emotional downside of living with robots that \"feel．\"
12. How are the new social robots different from Siri？ ______
A. They are intended to teach children how to talk．
B. They are designed to attract people with their smarts． C. Their main function is to evaluate children's personality． D. They have a new way to communicate with human beings．
13. In Paragraph 3 Cozmo is used as an example to show that the social robots ______ ．
A. are deeply connected with human beings
B. are unable to build a real relationship with children
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C. are so advanced that they can feel the pain of human beings D. are not good enough to carry out the instructions of children
14. The underlined phrase \"essential equipment\" in Paragraph 4 refers to ______ ．
A. emotion B. pain C. fear D. thinking
15. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage？ ______
A.
B.
C.
D. I： Introduction P： Point Sp： Sub-point （次要点） C：
Conclusion
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分） Healthy See， Healthy Do Visit the grocery store on an empty stomach， and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy． But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases． The location of store displays （摆放） also influences our shopping choices． (1) The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food． Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks． (2) A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves， for example． In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last-minute sales of healthier foods．
(3) It has been working with more than 1，000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods． \"We know that the stores are full of cues （暗示） meant to encourage consumption，\" says Tamar Adjoian， a research scientist at the department，
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\"Making healthy foods more convenient or appealing can lead to increased sales of those products．\"
Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city's crowded urban checkout areas， so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study． (4) Then they recorded purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks． Of the more than 2，100 shoppers they observed， just 4 percent bought anything from the checkout area． Among those who did， however， customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines． (5) The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior．
The potential influence may seem small， but Adjoian believes that changing more checkout lines would open customers' eyes to nutritious， lower-calorie foods． Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City．
A． These foods give people more energy．
B． They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often． C． And it may make or break some healthy eating habits．
D． The supermarkets began to offer nutritious， lower-calorie foods．
E． These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health． F． They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter． G． And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior．
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F. F G. G 17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F. F G. G 18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F. F G. G 19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F. F G. G 20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
The Gift of Forgiveness The summer I turned 16， my father gave me his old 69 Chevy Malibu convertible． What did I know about classic cars？ For me， the important thing was that Hannah and I could (21)around Tucson with the top down．
Hannah was my best friend， a year younger but much (22)． That summer she (23)with a modeling agency， doing catalog and runway work． A month after my birthday， Hannah and I went to the movies． On the way home， we (24)at the McDonald's drive-through， putting the fries in the space between us to (25)． \"Let's ride around awhile，\" I said． It was a clear night， hot， full moon hanging low over the
desert． Taking a curve （弯） too (26)， I ran over some dirt and fishtailed． I then moved quickly through a neighbor's landscape wall and drove into a full-grown palm tree． The front wheel came to rest halfway(27)the tree trunk． There were French fries on the floor， the dash and my lap． An impossible amount （仪表盘）
of (28) was on Hannah's face， pieces of skin hanging around her eyes． We were taken in separate ambulances． In the emergency room， my parents spoke quietly： \"Best plastic surgeon （整容医生） in the city…but it is more likely the(29)of her modeling career…\"
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We'd been wearing lap belts， (30)the car didn't have shoulder belts． I'd broken my cheekbone on the steering wheel； Hannah's (31)had split wide open on the dash． What would I say to her？
When her mother， Sharon， came into my hospital room， I started to cry， preparing myself for her (32)． She sat beside me and took my hand． \"I drove into the back of the car of my best friend when I was your age，\" she said． \"I completely (33)her car and mine．\" \"I'm so sorry，\" I said．
\"You're both (34)，\" she said． \"Everything else doesn't matter．\" I started to explain， and Sharon stopped me． \"I(35)you． Hannah will too．\"
Sharon's forgiveness allowed Hannah and me to get back in the car together that summer， to stay (36)throughout high school and college， to be in each other's weddings． I think of her gift of forgiveness every time I tend to feel angry about someone for a perceived（可感知到
(37)， and whenever I see Hannah． The scars are now(38)and no one else would 的）（伤疤）
notice， but in the sunlight I can still (39)the faint， shiny skin just below her hairline-for(40)， a sign of forgiveness．
21. A. drive B. run C. wander D. march 22. A. stronger B. healthier C. taller D. smaller 23. A. competed B. chatted C. signed D. bargained 24. A. stopped B. ate C. aimed D. stood 25. A. catch B. share C. hold D. spare 26. A. fast B. seriously C. softly D. slow 27. A. across B. up C. below D. along 28. A. blood B. petrol C. water D. sweat 29. A. path B. base C. point D. end 30. A. and B. but C. or D. so 31. A. shoulders B. arms C. chest D. forehead 32. A. anger B. regret C. sorrow D. concern 33. A. attacked B. dragged C. damaged D. removed 34. A. alike B. relieved C. injured D. alive 35. A. help B. love C. understand D. forgive 36. A. sisters B. friends C. classmates D. colleagues 37. A. need B. effort C. wrong D. threat 38. A. left B. marked C. shown D. faded 39. A. touch B. see C. feel D. learn 40. A. them B. you C. me D. her 四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. A When I was in high school our physics teacher gave us a challenge (1) involved making
a paper airplane of any shape． The only objective was to get it to fly as far as possible． (2)
at the starting line， one of my classmates took a piece of flat paper， crumpled （stand）
（把…捏成一团） it up， and (3) （throw） it down the way． He beat the class with
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ease． Some of the students got mad and said that he cheated， but the physics teacher (4) （clear） explained it could be any shape and that a paper ball was indeed a shape． B Buildings around the world (5) （go） dark for 60 minutes this evening in a voluntary event known as Earth Hour． This grassroots effort started in 2007 in Sydney， Australia， and has since grown into (6) global movement to raise awareness of our energy consumption and the effects of climate change on our planet． Anyone can participate in this movement (7) switching off the lights at 8：30 PM local time． Last year close to 18，000 landmark buildings switched off their lights in 188 countries． Will you dim your lights tonight？
C The story of Chinese fashion began in 2011 when Feiyue and Huili， both Chinese sneaker brands， suddenly gained international attention． Their products (8) （see） on models all over the world then． Last year， Chinese sportswear brand LI-NING was at the New York Fashion Week in September with new designs (9) （decorate） with Chinese characters． Now the Chinese brands are impressive and ambitious and can go head to head with foreign brands． And this ambition may be due to the fact that China's young people are now more confident about (10) （they） own culture． 五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分） 42. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．你的英国朋友Jim来信说他在英国学校参加了中
国书法俱乐部．擅长书法的你决定写一幅书法作品寄给他，并附上一封信．信的内
容包括：
1．该作品的内容； 2．送该作品的原因； 3．表示愿意提供帮助． 注意： 1． 词数不少于50；
2． 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数． 提示词：书法 calligraphy Dear Jim， Yours，
Li Hua
43. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．毕业之际，你们班开展了感谢学校教职员工的活
动．请根据下面四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述活动的全过程． 注意：词数不少于60．
提示词：教职员工 teachers and staff
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答案和解析
1.【答案】 【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】D
【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段
The OGarden Smart is an indoor gardening system that grows up to 90 plants at one time-20 of which are safe to eat可知OgarySmart是一个室内园艺系统；故选C． 2．A．细节理解题．根据文章第二段
The system is self-watering and uses automatic LED lights to provide the right amount of sunlight， no matter what season it is可知花园智能它可以全年使用；故选A． 3．D．细节理解题．根据文章第四段The system lets you grow organic （有机
的） produce at a small part of the price you'd pay at your local grocery store可知OGarden Smart能帮助你长期省钱，主要是因为有机产品收获；故选D
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了一个室内园艺系统OgarySmart的优点．
考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断． 4.【答案】 【小题1】B
【小题2】D
【小题3】D
【小题4】C
【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据文章第二段
Gaylord， the Anatolian shepherd mix's owner， was not able to get to her home in Paradise， when the fire began to spread， meaning Madison was left behind盖洛德，安纳托利亚牧羊人的主人，当火开始蔓延时，他无法到达她在天堂的家，这意味着麦迪逊被抛在后面．可知麦迪逊在野营之火期间他在等盖洛德；故选B． 2．D．细节理解题．根据文章第三段
She even placed an article of clothing that smelled like Gaylord near the home \"to keep Madison's hope alive until his people could return她甚至在家里放了一件闻起来像盖洛德的衣服，\"以保持麦迪逊的希望，直到他的人民回来．可知沙利文在家里附近放了一件带有盖洛德味道的衣服为了鼓励麦迪逊不要放弃；故选D． 3．D．细节理解题．根据文章第四段
Well， I'm so happy to report that Gaylord was allowed to return to her home today and THERE MADISON WAS!!!! He had stayed to protect what was left of his home好吧，我很高兴地告诉大家，盖洛德今天被允许回到她的家，麦迪逊就在那里！他留下来保护家里剩下的东西．可知麦迪逊最终在他的家被找到；故选D． 4．C．细节理解题．根据文章最后一
段 She also expressed how grateful she was to Sullivan． Gaylord said fighting through tears， \"You could never ask for better animals． He is the best dog她还表达了她对沙利文的感激之情．盖洛德热泪盈眶地说：\"你永远不能要求更好的动物，他是最好的狗．\"可知这个故事强调奉献的品质；故选C
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了主人和狗在火灾中的感情升华．
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考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
8.【答案】 【小题1】C
【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】C
【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据文章第二段
This surprising result continues previous research on intentional forgetting， which focused on reducing attention to the unwanted information through redirecting attention away from unwanted experiences or holding back the memory's retrievals 这一令人惊讶的结果延续了以往关于有意遗忘的研究，该研究的重点是通过将注意力从不想要的经历中转移或阻止记忆的检索来减少对不需要的信息的关注．可知已有的关于故意遗忘的研究了减少对不想要的信息的注意的方法；故选C． 2．B．细节理解题．根据文章第五段
Too strong， and it will strengthen the memory； too weak， and you won't change it，\" said Tracy Wang， lead author of the study and a psychology postdoctoral fellow at UT Austin． \"Importantly， it's the intention to forget that increases the activation of the memory， and when this activation hits the ‘moderate level' sweet spot这项研究的主要作者、奥斯丁
\"太强了，大学心理学博士后特蕾西•王说：就会增强记忆力；太弱了，你也改变不了它．重
要的是，它的意图是要忘记，增加记忆的激活，当这种激活达到‘中等水平'的甜蜜点时．可知根据TracyWang，遗忘是可能的当存储器的激活达到某个级别；故选B． 3．A．细节理解题．根据文章第六段
We're learning how these mechanisms in our brain respond to different types of information， and it will take a lot of further research and replication （重
复） of this work before we understand how to control our ability to forget我们正在学习大脑中的这些机制是如何对不同类型的信息作出反应的，在我们了解如何控制我们忘记的能力之前，我们需要对这项工作进行大量的研究和复制．可知刘易斯继续进行研究发现如何控制人忘记的能力；故选A． 4．C．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段
This will make way for future studies on how we process， and hopefully get rid of， those really strong， sticky emotional memories， which can have a powerful effect on our health and well-being，\" Lewis-Peacock said这将为我们如何处理并希望摆脱那些对我们的健康和幸福有着强大影响的真正强烈的、粘稠的情感记忆的未来研究让路，\"lewis-peacock说．可知文章的最佳标题是遗忘比记住需要更多的大脑力量；故选C
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了关于遗忘记忆的研究成果． 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断． 12.【答案】 【小题1】D
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】B
【解析】考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断． 16.【答案】
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【小题1】C 【小题2】G 【小题3】E 【小题4】F 【小题5】B
【解析】1-5 CGEFB
1．C．细节理解题．根据前文\"The location of store displays （摆放） also influences our shopping choices商店陈列的位置也会影响我们的购物选择\"．可知此处应填\"它可能会形成或打破一些健康的饮食习惯\"．故选C．
2．G．细节理解题．根据前文\"Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks研究发现，最常见的产品有甜味和咸味小吃\"．可知此处应填\"一些研究表明，简单地更换更健康的食物就能改变顾客的行为\"．故选G．
3．E．细节理解题．根据下文\"It has been working with more than 1，000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods该公司已与1000多名店主合作，鼓励他们订购和推广营养食品\"．可知此处应填\"这些发现引起了纽约市卫生局的注意\"．故选E．
4．F．推理判断题．根据前文\"Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city's crowded urban checkout areas， so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own studyAdjoian和她的同事想知道这些发现是否适用于他们城市拥挤的收银台区域，所以他们选择了布朗克斯的三家超市作为自己的研究对象\"．可知此处应填\"他们把糖果和饼干换成了收银台附近的水果和坚果\"．故选F．
5．B．推理判断题．根据下文\"The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior该研究结果发表在9月份的《营养教育与行为》杂志上\"．可知此处应填\"他们购买不健康食品的频率降低了40%\"．故选B．
本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了空着肚子去杂货店，你可能会带着一些你不打算买的东西回家．但饥饿并不是额外购买的唯一原因．商店陈列的位置也会影响我们的购物选择．
此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
21.【答案】略
【解析】A12．C13．C14．A 15．B =16．A17．B 18．A19．D20．B =21．D22．A 23．C 24．D 25．D =26．B27．C28．D29．B30．C
41.【答案】 【小题1】that/which
【小题6】a
【小题2】
Standing
【小题7】by
【小题3】threw 【小题4】clearly 【小题8】were 【小题9】
【小题5】will
go
【小题10】
seen decorated their
【解析】1． that/which．考查连词，先行词是challenge，在定语从句中做主语，故填关系代词which或that．
2．Standing．考查非谓语，one of my classmates与stand是主动关系，故填现在分词做状语，故填standing． 3．threw．and并列动词took，crumpled以及threw， 考查动词，时态保持一致，故填threw．4．clearly．考查副词，修饰动词explain，故填clearly．
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5．will go．考查时态，将会熄灯一个小时，表示将来，故填will go． 6．a．考查冠词，表示泛指，变成一个全球的行动，故填a． 7．by．考查介词，通过熄灯，表示：通过，故填介词by．
8．were seen．考查被动，主语是products，被看见，根据then可知使用一般过去时，故填were seen．
9．decorated．考查非谓语，decorate与designs是动宾关系，故填过去分词做后置定语，故填decorated．
10．their．考查代词，他们自己的文化，修饰名词使用形容词性物主代词，故填their． A：文章讲述了作者高中物理课扔纸飞机的故事；B：讲述了地球日的熄灯活动；C：中国时装品牌正在世界舞台走红．
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目． 42.【答案】Dear Jim，
I am glad to know that you have joined your school's calligraphy club． The calligraphy piece I sent to you was written by myself． I really hope you will like it．【要点一，表达愿意提供帮助】
The Chinese characters on the piece are \"天道酬勤
\" （Tian Dao Chou Qin）， meaning \"Hard work pays off．\" It is a well-known Chinese idiom， widely adopted as a motto by Chinese people． There is a similar calligraphy piece hanging in the study at my home， which was written by my grandfather【高分句型一，which引导非限制性定语从
句】． He gave it to me when I started to learn calligraphy at age six in hopes that I would practise it often and learn it well【高分句型二，that引导同位语从
句】． You see now my efforts have paid off． I hope it can serve as an encouragement to you at all times． I wrote this piece in the calligraphic style of my favorite calligrapher， Yan Zhenqing， a renowned master of the Tang Dynasty． His style is Kaishu， a standard script， suitable for beginners． I guess maybe it is the style that you are practising【高分句型三，it is…that强调句型】．【要点二，表达作品内容和送该作品的原因】
I know it is not easy to learn Chinese calligraphy． If you have any problems during your study， I would be happy to help you． I sincerely hope you enjoy learning Chinese calligraphy!
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】【高分句型
一】 There is a similar calligraphy piece hanging in the study at my home， which was written by my grandfather．我家书房里挂着一幅类似的书法作品，是我祖父写的．which引导非限制性定语从句．
【高分句型
二】 He gave it to me when I started to learn calligraphy at age six in hopes that I would practise it often and learn it well．我六岁开始学书法时，他给了我，希望我能经常练习，学好书法．that引导同位语从句．
【高分句型三】 I guess maybe it is the style that you are practising．我想可能是你练习的风格吧．it is…that强调句型．
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英语写作是一项主观性较强的测试题．它不仅考查学生的写作基础而且还考查学生在写作过程中综合运用语言的能力．在撰写时要注意主谓语一致，时态呼应，用词贴切等．要提高英语写作水平，需要两方面的训练：一是语言基础方面的训练，要有扎实的造句、翻译等基本功，即用词法、句法等知识造出正确无误的句子；二是写作知识和能力方面的训练以掌握写作方面的基本方法和技巧． 43.【答案】
Before graduation， in order to express our sincere gratitude to our beloved teachers and the hard-working staff， we prepared special gifts and \"thank you\" notes． 【要点一，活动目的】 Last Monday after class， our monitor came up with an idea to extend our appreciation to the school faculty【高分句型一，come up with提
出】． After much thought， we decided to present them with cups featuring our class picture as well as write them \"thank you\" notes．
Soon afterwards， we began our project． In the following two days， some of us wrote the notes conveying our heartfelt appreciation while others carefully folded the finished notes into the shape of a heart． We also logged onto a self-customization cup website in the school's computer room， chose our best class photos to customize the cups and made the purchases．【要点二，介绍活动具体内容】
Last Friday， we received the delivery． With excitement， we got into small groups and presented our special gifts to all the dedicated teachers and staff． Holding the gifts， they all expressed their thanks and best wishes to us【高分句型二，现在分词作状
语】． Every day for the past three years， we have enjoyed interesting lessons， delicious meals， and a clean and safe campus． It is their hard work and devotion that has helped us become responsible people．【要点三，活动之后的反应】
Graduation will come and go， but the love for our school will last a lifetime．【要点四，活动感想】
【解析】【高分句型一】
Last Monday after class， our monitor came up with an idea to extend our appreciation to the school faculty．上星期一下课后，我们的班长想出一个主意，向学校的教员表示感谢．come up with提出．【高分句型二】Holding the gifts， they all expressed their thanks and best wishes to us．他们手里拿着礼物，向我们表示感谢和良好的祝愿．现在分词作状语． 英语写作是一项主观性较强的测试题．它不仅考查学生的写作基础而且还考查学生在写作过程中综合运用语言的能力．在撰写时要注意主谓语一致，时态呼应，用词贴切等．要提高英语写作水平，需要两方面的训练：一是语言基础方面的训练，要有扎实的造句、翻译等基本功，即用词法、句法等知识造出正确无误的句子；二是写作知识和能力方面的训练以掌握写作方面的基本方法和技巧．
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