一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Helen is in Grade Eight. She smiles at everyone and she's always glad to help others. But do you know she had a sad story?
Helen's parents died in ________fire when she was nine years old. After that, her aunt and uncle adopted（收养） her. They sent her to a new school. In that school, Helen________（know） nothing about her new classmates. She didn't talk too much and she was________（shy）and quieter than most kids. That made________difficult for her to make friends, so she had few friends at school. Her aunt and uncle worried about her.________（lucky）, Helen met a funny girl named Sandy. After making friends________Sandy, Helen became more outgoing________before. Sandy usually tells jokes to make her laugh and Helen often helps Sandy with her studies. Now they are good friends.
Helen is really hard-working and she always________（get） A's in her subjects. Sandy says, \"Helen studies very hard. She often helps me with my homework. Now I'm getting better________（grade） with her help________she is different from me, I like her very much. 【答案】 a；knew；shyer；it；Luckily；with；than；gets；grades；Though/ Although 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要叙述海伦九岁时父母死于火灾。在那之后，她叔叔婶婶收养了她。他们送她去了一所新学校。在那所学校，海伦对她的新同学一无所知。她说话不多，而且比大多数孩子更害羞，更安静。这使她很难交到朋友，所以她在学校很少有朋友。她叔叔婶婶很担心她。幸运的是，海伦遇到了一个有趣的女孩，名叫桑迪。在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。桑迪经常讲笑话逗她笑，海伦经常帮助桑迪学习。现在他们是好朋友了。海伦真的很努力，她的科目总是得了A。桑迪说：“海伦学习很努力。她经常帮我做作业。现在在她的帮助下，我的成绩越来越好。虽然她和我不一样，但我非常喜欢她。
（1）考查不定冠词。句意：海伦九岁时父母死于一场火灾。fire火灾，可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a，故答案为：a。
（2）考查一般过去时。句意：在那所学校，海伦对她的新同学一无所知。know知道，动词。本段都是叙述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。know的过去式knew，故答案为：knew。
（3）考查形容词。句意：她说话不多，而且比大多数孩子更害羞，更安静。空格后有... and quieter than ，可知有and连接并列形容词比较级。形容词shy的比较级shyer，故答案为：shyer。
（4）考查代词。句意：这使她很难交到朋友。make使，让，使役动词，此处结构为make+宾语+宾补（形容词）。固定结构。此处是不定式短语作真正宾语，要放在句末，用it作形式宾语，故答案为：it。
（5）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，海伦遇到了一个有趣的女孩，名叫桑迪。由逗号与句子隔开，修饰整个句子作状语。形容词lucky的副词为luckily。故答案为： Luckily 。
（6）考查介词。句意：在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，固定短语。故答案为：with。
（7）考查连词。句意：在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。根据more outgoing和before，可知那时与以前相比，要用比较级+than句型，故答案为：than。 （8）考查一般现在时。句意：海伦真的很努力，她的科目总是得了A。always总是，频率副词，常与一般现在时连用。主语she，第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数gets。故答案为：gets。
（9）考查名词复数。句意：现在在她的帮助下，我的成绩越来越好。grade，成绩，可数名词。空格前有形容词better，后接名词。空格前没有不定冠词，要用复数grades表示一类事物。故答案为：grades。
（10）考查连词。句意：虽尽管她和我不一样，但我非常喜欢她。根据前后句意思，可知前后句是让步关系，要用从属连词though/although。故答案为：Though/ Although。 【点评】考查语法填空。考点涉及名词，副词、代词、连词、介词、冠词以及形容词的等考查，要求考生在理解信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，写出正确的答案。
2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
Summer was coming and it was getting hotter. Mrs, King got ________early one morning and went to the market after she ________ （have） breakfast. She knew that everything was cheap there before eight o'clock. She wanted to buy many ________ （vegetable） for her family. Suddenly she saw there were a ________ of people around a farmer. She hurried there and found that he was selling some beef.
\"How ________ does it cost? \"a woman asked. \"Two dollars a kilo.\"
\"Oh, how cheap it is!\"Mrs. King said to herself. \"John ________ （like） beef very much. I'd better buy some here,\"
When she got ________ with five kilos of beef, her son was happy but her husband got angry. \"What a silly woman!\" said Mr. King.↑\"How shall we keep it fresh in such hot weather?\" \"Your aunt is very rich,\" said Mrs. King. \"Why not go and borrow some money________ her? Then we'll be able to buy a fridge.\"
Mr. King agreed and they began to teach their five year-old son what ________（say） when they were at his aunt's house.
\"John,\" Mr. King said, \"how can we keep the beef fresh?\" \"That's easy,\" the boy said________ （happy）. \"By eating it!\"
【答案】 up；had；vegetables；group/ lot/ number；much；likes；home；from；to say；happily
【解析】【分析】主要讲了金夫人吃过早饭去市场买蔬菜，发现一个农民正在卖便宜牛肉，于是买了一些，金先生想从姑姑那接钱买冰箱来保存牛肉，John说可以通过吃了牛肉来保存。
（1）句意：一天早上金夫人起得早。get op起床，固定搭配，故填up。
（2）句意：在她吃了早饭后金夫人去了市场。时态是一般过去时，所以have用had，故填had。
（3）句意：她想为她的家人买许多蔬菜。vegetable蔬菜，可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数，所以用复数vegetables。
（4）句意：突然，她看见在一个农民附近有一群/许多人。a group of一群......，a lot/number of许多......，固定搭配，故填group/ lot/ number。 （5）句意：它多少钱？提问价格用how much，故填much。
（6）句意：John非常喜欢牛肉。时态是一般现在时，主语是单数John，所以buy用单三式buys，故填buys。
（7）句意：当她带着5千克牛肉回家时，她的儿子是高兴的，但是她的丈夫是生气的。get home到家，固定搭配，故填home。
（8）句意：为什么不去从她那借一些钱呢？borrow...from从……借……，固定搭配，故填from。
（9）句意：金先生同意了，他们开始教他们5岁的儿子当在姑姑家时说什么。特殊疑问词+to do不定式，固定搭配，故填to say。
（10）句意：男孩高兴地说。副词修饰实义动词，said是实义动词，所以用形容词happy的副词happily，高兴地，故填happily。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填人一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
Mike is a 16-year-old student. He has a very healthy lifestyle,________, one year ago, he was not so healthy. From Monday to Friday, he ________（study） every day but hardly did any sports. He often used the Internet. ________ his parents asked him to exercise, he never did, He sometimes helped his mother with some________（housework）, but only once a week. On weekends, he liked ________（watch） television, Then the bad ________ （result） came—he became fat and had few friends. One day, the doctor in his school talked with him, He told Mike to do sports ________ （much） than two hours a day because it was good for his body ________ mind. From then on, Mike decided to change his habits. Now, he does sports more often ________ before, such as playing basketball and soccer. He plays computer games less. After dinner, he often takes a walk with his parents. ________ （do） exercise helps him become healthy, and study better. Now he has more friends.
【答案】 However；studied；Although/Though；housework；watching；result（s）；more；and；than；Doing
【解析】【分析】主要讲了16岁的学生Mike之前有一个非常健康的生活方式，但是一年前他变得不健康，医生建议他改变不健康的生活方式，最后变得健康。
（1）句意：然而，一年前，他不是如此健康。根据前句He has a very healthy lifestyle他有
一种非常健康的生活方式，可知前后句表示转折，所以用however，然而，注意句首首字母大写，故填However。
（2）句意：从周一到周五，他每天学习，单数几乎不运动。时态是一般过去时，所以study用过去式studied，故填studied。
（3）句意：尽管他的父母让他锻炼，他从不锻炼。although/though尽管，注意句首首字母大写，故填Although/Though。
（4）句意：他有时帮助妈妈做家务。some修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词，housework不可数名词，故填housework。
（5）句意：在周末，他喜欢看电视。like doing sth.喜欢做某事，固定搭配，所以watch用watching，故填watching。
（6）句意：然后坏的结果来了。result，结果，可数名词，根据句子可知既可以是单数也可以是复数，result的复数是results，故填result（s）。
（7）句意：他告诉Mike一天做两个多小时的运动，因为它对于他的身体和心智是有好处的。than是比较级标志词，所以用much比较级more；body and mind身心，固定搭配，故填more，and。
（8）句意：现在他比之前更经常做运动，例如打篮球和踢足球。more often是比较级，所以用标志词than，比，故填than。
（9）句意：做锻炼帮助他变得健康，学习更好。句子缺少主语，do是实义动词，所以用动名词做主语，do的ing是doing，注意句首首字母大写，故填Doing。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
4．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式（最多限填三个单词）填空。
Talent shows are getting more and more popular. Now there are many ________ （kind） of talent shows in China. Many people make their ________ （dream） come true by joining them. ________ example, Li Xiaojiao, ________ English teacher from Chongqing, joined Chinese Dream Show. She is ________ （talent） in music. She sings ________ （well） than any other teacher in her school and is good at ________（sing） English songs . She is also outgoing. Her show made a lot of people like her. At last, she got the ________（one） prize . At the same time, this show also changed ________（she）life. She is successful not only because she's got great talent, but also she works hard. I believe everyone can be successful as ________as you work hard. 【答案】kinds；dreams；For；an；talented；better；singing；first；her；long 【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了中国的才艺节目。
（1）句意：现在在中国有很多种才艺节目。形容词many后接可数名词复数。故答案为kinds。
（2）句意：很多人通过参加节目实现了自己的梦想。根据主语many people可知，应用复数。故答案为dreams。
（3）句意：例如。固定短语for example表例如。故答案为for。
（4）句意：李晓娇，一个来自重庆的英语老师。teacher为单数且为第一次出现，前面需要不定冠词；English为元音音素开头。故答案为an。
（5）句意：她在音乐上有天赋。固定搭配be talented in sth.在某事上有天赋。故答案为talented。
（6）句意：她在学校里比任何老师都唱得好。根据比较连词than可知，此处应用副词well的比较级better。故答案为better。
（7）句意：她擅长唱英文歌。固定搭配be good at doing sth.擅长做某事。故答案为singing。
（8）句意：最后，她得了一等奖。定冠词the后接序数词，one的序数词是first，第一。故答案为first。
（9）句意：同时，这个节目也改变了她的生活。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，she的形容词性物主代词为her。故答案为her。
（10）句意：只要你努力，我相信每个人都会成功。固定搭配as long as只要。故答案为long。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时首先跳过空格通读文章掌握文章大意，然后细读文章仔细斟酌答案，注意考虑句型、时态等因素，填写单词的正确形式。
5．阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Reading is a good hobby for all kinds of reasons.
First, reading is ________ （education）. You can always keep yourself happy ________ you like reading. You will never feel ________ （boring） or tired.
Next，you can read a book anywhere in a car, ________a plane, or even in the bathroom. All you need ________ （be） a book.
Another good reason for reading is that it is ________ （use）. If you regard reading as a hobby, you will get better and be better at it. And you will read ________ （fast） and find it easier to understand ________ you read. As your reading skills improve, you will find your schoolwork becomes much easier.
Some people say that reading is out of date. This is not true. You can read on computers, and the better you read, the better your computer skills will be.
Good ________ （learn） may become writers, too. They always have more things ________ （write） about. Reading is a wonderful hobby. Why not start reading right now? 【答案】 educational ；if ；bored ；on ；is ；useful ；faster
；what
；learners；to write
【解析】【分析】主要讲了阅读是一种好的爱好的原因。
（1）句意：首先，阅读是有教育意义的。be+形容词，education是名词，其形容词是educational，故填educational。
（2）句意：你可以总是保持愉悦，如果你喜欢阅读。根据句意可知前后阅读是保持开心的条件，如果，if，引导条件状语从句，故填if。
（3）句意：你将永远不会感到无聊。主语是you，指人，以ing结尾的形容词修饰物，以ed结尾的形容词修饰人，boring修饰物，bored修饰人，故填bored。
（4）句意：你可以在车上、飞机上的任何地方，甚至在卫生间读书。on a plane，在飞机上，故填on。
（5）句意：所有你需要的仅仅是一本书。主语是单数book，所以用is，故填is。 （6）句意：读书的另一个英语是它是有用的。be+形容词，use的形容词是useful，故填useful。
（7）句意：你将读得更快。根据后句easier是比较级，所以fast用比较级faster，故填faster。
（8）句意：并且发现更容易理解你读得内容。根据句意可知是宾语从句，所以用what，指读得内容，故填what。
（9）句意：好的学习者也可能成为作家。writers是名词，指人，所以learn用表示人的名词，即学习者learner，writers是复数，所以learner也用复数learners，故填learners。 （10）句意：他们总是有写的更多的东西。things是名词，to do不定式做定语，故填to write。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
6．语法填空
Hi, Jane! I saw your name and address in Pen-friend magazine, and I would like________ （be） your pen-friend. First, I will tell you some things about________ （my）. My name is Sidney. I'm fourteen years old. I'm about five________ （foot） tall. I have short black hair and brown eyes. My hobbies are playing computer games and playing chess.
I live with my parents. They________ （come） to England from Hong Kong about 30 years ago. Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant in Newcastle. I was born in Newcastle in 1993. I can speak Chinese,________ I can't write it very well. I have a brother called Edwin. He is 23 and works________ an architect（建筑师）in London.
I'm in Walker School. It is near my house, and so I can walk to school. I like my school because the teachers are ________（friend） to me. I like sports very much. I enjoy ________（play） badminton in winter, and tennis in summer. As for subjects, I like physics________（well） of all.
I want to be________ engineer.
I expect you will write to me soon, and tell me all about you.
【答案】 to be；myself；feet；came；but；as；friendly；playing；best；an 【解析】【分析】主要讲了Sidney写信给笔友Jane，告诉她自己的一些信息。 （1）句意：我想成为你的笔友。would like to do sth.想要做某事。故填to be。
（2）句意：首先我将告诉你关于我自己的一些事情。根据句意可知是Sidney讲了自己的事情，主语是I，其反身代词是myself，故填myself。
（3）句意：我大约5尺高。5后面用可数名词复数，foot的复数是feet，故填feet。 （4）句意：大约30年前他们从香港来的英国。30 years ago表明时态是一般过去时，所以用come的过去式came，故填came。
（5）句意：我会说英语但是我写得不好。根据句意可知前后句表示转折，所以用连词but，故填but。
（6）句意：他23岁，在伦敦是一名建筑师。work as作为，故填as。 （7）句意：因为老师们对我很友好。be friendly to对......友好，故填friendly。 （8）句意：我喜欢在冬天打羽毛球。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，故填playing。 （9）句意：我最喜欢物理。根据all可知数量是三者或者三者以上，所以用最高级，所以用well的最高级best，故填best。
（10）句意：我想成为一名工程师。engineer是可数名词单数，以元音音素开头，所以用an，故填an。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。
7．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的内容（1个单词），或括号内单词的正确形式。
Come and meet my best friend, Lisa. Lisa is a beautiful girl. Many people like her because ________ her good look. So do I. As my best friend, she likes to do ________ same things as me. We ________ like singing and reading books. There are also some ________ （different） between us. I am shy and I always like to stay by myself. Lisa is much ________ outgoing than me. She is ________ （talent） in telling jokes. She often makes me ________ （laugh）. She is good at sports, too. She plays sports every day to keep healthy. She thinks it is not necessary for friends ________ （be） the same. Her favorite ________ （say） is, \"A true friend reaches for your hand and ________ （touch） your heart.\" What do you think of my best friend? 【答案】of
；the；both；differences；more；talented；laugh；to be；saying；touches 【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者最好的朋友——Lisa。
（1）句意：许多人因为她好看的外貌喜欢她。because of因为，故填of。
（2）句意：作为我最好的朋友，她喜欢和我做一样的事情。the same...as和......一样，故填the。
（3）句意：我们都喜欢唱歌和读书。both...and...两者都，故填both。
（4）句意：在我们之间也有一些不同。some修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词，different形容词，其名词是difference，可数名词，所以用复数differences，故填differences。 （5）句意：Lisa比我外向许多。than是比较级标志词，outgoing的比较级是more outgoing，故填more。
（6）句意：她在讲笑话方面有天赋。be talented in在哪方面有天赋，故填talented。 （7）句意：她总是让我笑。make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，故填laugh。
（8）句意：她认为对于朋友来说没必要是一样的。It's+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.做某事对于某人来说是怎样的，故填to be。
（9）句意：她最著名的名言是。favorite是形容词，后面用名词，say是实义动词，其名词是saying，意思是名言，故填saying。
（10）句意：一个真正的朋友伸手去够你的手，并且触动你的心。and连接并列成分，reaches用的实义动词单三，所以touch也用单三touches，故填touches。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。
8．语法填空
Chelsea Fearce is seventeen years old. There are five ________（person） in her family. They are poor and they live in a shelter（收容所）. \" ________（get） a shower, food and clean clothes was not easy for me,\" Fearce said. \"I'm worried ________my family and my home life. I know I have to become much stronger, ________I study hard.\"
When she was in high school, Fearce often ________（stay） up late. She wanted to live a ________（good） life than before. She just told ________（her） to keep working.
Fearce overcame（克服） all the problems. She got high grades and she became ________college student. \"Never give up! Do what you ________（true） have to do right now so that you can have a future that you really need ________（have）.\" Fearce told everyone. 【答案】 persons；Getting；about；so/and；stayed；better；herself；a；truly；to have 【解析】【分析】主要讲了家境贫穷的Chelsea Fearce是怎样成为一名大学生的。 （1）句意：在她家里有五口人。person是可数名词，five后面接可数名词复数，所以用persons，故填persons。
（2）句意：对于我来说洗澡、得到食物和干净的衣服是不简单的。句子缺少主语，get是实义动词，所以用动名词做主语，get的动名词是getting，故填Getting。 （3）句意：我担心我的家人和我家的生活。be worried about担心，故填about。 （4）句意：我知道我不得不变得更加强大，所以我努力学习。前后两句表示因果关系，前句是因，后句是果，所以用so，因此；或者前后表示并列，用并列连词and，故填so/and。
（5）句意：当Fearce上高中时，她经常熬夜。根据was可知时态是一般过去时，所以stay用stayed，故填stayed。
（6）句意：她想过一种比以前更好的生活。than是比较级标志词，good比较级是better，故填better。
（7）句意：她仅仅告诉自己一直工作。根据句意可知是她告诉自己，her的反身代词是herself，故填herself。
（8）句意：她取得了高分，并且成为一名大学生。student是可数名词单数，并且college以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。
（9）句意：永不言弃，现在做你真地不得不做的事情。have是实义动词，副词修饰实义动词，true是形容词，副词是truly，故填truly。
（10）句意：目的是你有一个你真的需要有的未来。need to do sth.需要做什么，故填to have。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。
二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．阅读理解
Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas. It is very important for teenagers to have good friends or a group of friends in their lives.
Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking on the phone. This communication is very important in children's growing up, because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to say to their family members.
However, parents often try to choose their children's friends for them. Some parents even stop their children from meeting their good friends. Have you ever thought of the following questions?
Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you？Have you got a good friend your parents don't like? Your answers are welcome.
（1）Many teenagers think that ________ can understand them better.
A. friends B. brothers C. sisters D. parents （2）________ is very important to teenagers.
A. To make friends B. Communication C. To stop meeting friends D. Both A and B （3）When teenagers have something difficult to say to their parents, they usually ________. A. stay alone at home B. fight with their parents
C. discuss it with their friends D. go to their brother and sister for help （4）The sentence “Your answers are welcome.” means“________” A. You are welcome to discuss the questions with us. B. We've got no idea, so your answers are welcome. C. Your answers are always right. D. You can give us all the right answers. 【答案】 （1）A
（2）D （3）C （4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于调查青少年对朋友的看法。
（1）细节题。根据They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do.可知青少年认为朋友可以更好地理解他们，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据It is very important for teenagers to have good friends or a group of friends in their lives.和This communication is very important in children's growing up可知交朋友和交流都是非常重要的，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to say to their family members.可知青少年很难和家庭成员说，而朋友可以谈论那些困难的事情，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据句意可知是和我们讨论那些问题，你是受欢迎的，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
10．根据短文理解填空。
A 50-year-old American officer came back to his school. The teacher asked him to give a talk to the small boys and girls there. The talk was about the love of their great country. All the little ones were sitting in a large meeting room. The old officer went up and began speaking. He said, “Boys and girls, I studied in this school forty years ago. When I was your age, we were not as happy as you are today. Think about it and answer me. Why are you so happy now?”
No sound came from the children. The old man waited for a long time. Then a short boy in front put up his small dirty hand. “Good boy! Please answer me, dear.” said the officer.
With a big smile on his face, the boy stood up and said, “If you speak long enough, we won't have Maths and Biology lessons this morning.” （1）What was the old man's talk about?
（2）When the officer studied in this school, how old was he?
（3）翻译画线部分的句子。
（4）Why were the children happy today?
【答案】 （1）The talk was about the love of their great country.
（2）10.
（3）这个小男孩面带微笑地站起来并说道。
（4）If the officer speaks long enough, they won’t have Maths and Biology （生物学） lessons this morning.
【解析】【分析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二句The talk was about the love of their great country. 可知演讲的主题是“热爱国家”，故答案为：The talk was about the love of their great country.
（2）细节推理题。文章开篇交代演讲者的年龄A 50-year-old American officer came back to his school. 下文又接着说“Boys and girls, I studied in this school forty years ago. When I was your age, we were not as happy as you are today. 可以推断老官员在这所学校上学时的年龄是 50-40=10.故答案为 10.
（3）划线句子的意思是“这个小男孩面带微笑地站起来并说道。” 【点评】本题考查任务型阅读，国家短文内容回答问题。
11．根据短文内容, 选择正确答案。
D
Spring is a wonderful season to celebrate rebirth（再生） and new life. The long, cold winter is over. The weather is warmer and sunnier. The trees again have leaves and the flowers are blooming（开）. The season represents（代表） hope, joy and beauty. At this time, many people think of this classical music piece — “Spring”, which shows happiness. Italian composer（作曲家） Antonio Vivaldi wrote it in the seventeen hundreds.
However, not all songs about spring are happy. This song written and sung by K.D Lang is about dreaming of spring in cold dark places. She recorded “I Dream of Spring” in 2008.
Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein wrote “It Might as Well Be Spring” for the movie State Fair in 1945. Frank Sinatra sings it. It is a feeling of restlessness（焦虑） or excitement brought on by the coming of spring. Richard Rodgers also wrote “Spring Is Here”, this time with Lorenz Hart. Ella Fitzgerald sings this song about feeling lonely during this season.
Frank Loesser wrote the sad song, “Spring Will be a Little Late This Year”. Why has the season been delayed（延迟）? Because the singer's lover has left her. Sarah Vaughn released（发行） her version of the song in 1953.
By now you may be thinking, “Enough with the sad songs, already!” Ok, then how about a cowboy（牛仔） song? Gene Autry was one of America's most famous singing cowboys. He recorded “When It's Spring time in the Rockies” in 1937.
And finally, we'll leave you with a sunny song called “Up Jumped Spring”. Freddie Hubbard wrote this jazz（爵士） song in 1977 and Billy Taylor Trio performs it.
（1）If you are not happy, you'd better listen to “ ”.
A. Up Jumped Spring B. I Dream of Spring
C. Spring Is Here D. Spring Will be a Little Late This Year （2）“It Might as Well Be Spring is a song” that .
A. is also called “State Fair” B. is sung by Ella Fitzgerald C. has a lonely feeling D. was written by two people （3）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Most songs about spring are written by Italian composers. B. K.D. Lang was good at writing happy songs. C. Sarah Vaughn sang the song Up Jumped Spring first. D. Gene Autry was a famous cowboy singer before K.D. Lang. （4）Which of the following songs was first written or recorded?
A. “Spring”. B. “I Dream of Spring”.
C. “When It's Springtime in the Rockies”. D. “Spring Will be a Little Late This Year”. （5）What's the purpose of the author to write the passage?
A. To introduce some songs about spring. B. To introduce some wonderful music. C. To introduce some famous singers. D. To express his/ her love to spring. 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）D （4）A （5）A
【解析】【分析】短文大意：春天是一个庆祝再生和新生命的美妙的季节，漫长而寒冷的冬天结束了，天气更暖和了，阳光更明媚了，树木又长出了叶子，花儿也开放了。这个季节代表着希望、快乐和美丽。
（1）细节理解题。根据最后一段可知 Up Jumped Spring是一首很阳光的歌曲，能催人奋进，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。从第三段 Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein wrote “It Might as Well Be Spring” for the movie State Fair in 1945. 可知这首歌由两人所写，故选D。
（3）判断题。文章并没有提到关于春天的大部分歌曲由意大利作曲家缩写，A错误；从第二段可知K.D. Lang 所写的歌曲是悲伤的，B错误；文章并没有说谁第一个唱Up Jumped Spring ，C错误；故选项D正确，从第二段和第五段可以看出。
（4）细节判断题。A写于1700年，B写于2008年，C写于1937年，D写于1953年。故
选A。
（5）主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了关于春的歌曲，并非表达作者对春的爱。故选A。
12．阅读理解
When scientist Jessica Wade realized how hard it was to find information about women scientists, she decided to help solve that problem. She has now added the stories of over 300 female scientists to Wikipedia.
Dr. Wade has always been interested in science. But as she kept going in science and learned more about amazing women scientists, she was surprised to learn that they didn't have Wikipedia pages.
Wikipedia is the world's largest encyclopedia, and the world's 5th most popular website. What makes it special is that anybody can add to or change it. But even though Wikipedia has close to 6 million articles. Dr. Wade noticed that \"It doesn't have the stories of many amazing women in science.\" She says that 83% of the biographies on Wikipedia are about men.
So, in January. 2018 she decided to write one Wikipedia article about a female scientist every day. She doesn't get paid, but it has become her second job. So far, she has created 306 Wikipedia pages.
Dr. Wade will keep writing her articles, but she also wants to teach other people how to add articles to Wikipedia. She would like to create a website to keep track of all of the biographies. She wants to turn them into a teaching tool.
（1）Why did Dr. Wade add female scientists' stories to Wikipedia? A. It's her second job in Wikipedia. B. Female scientists asked her to do so. C. She couldn't find information she wanted. D. She has always been interested in science. （2）What is special about Wikipedia? A. It's the world's biggest encyclopedia. B. Common people can make it different. C. There're nearly 6 million articles on it. D. It's the world's 5th most popular website.
（3）How much time has Dr. Wade spent adding articles to Wikipedia so far? A. About a month.
B. Less than 300 days. C. More than 300 days. D. The article didn't tell us.
（4）Which of the following things will Dr. Wade do?
A. Try to be a teacher. B. Give up her job. C. Create a website. D. Stop writing stories. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D （4）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了科学家Jessica Wade意识到发现女科学家的信息是困难的，所以她已经增加300多个女科学家的故事在Wikipedia。
（1）细节题。根据When scientist Jessica Wade realized how hard it was to find information about women scientists， she decided to help solve that problem.可知当科学家杰西卡•韦德意识到找到有关女科学家的信息是多么困难时，她决定帮助解决这个问题，故选C。 （2）细节题。根据What makes it special is that anybody can add to or change it.可知让它与众不同的是，任何人都可以添加或改变它，故选B。
（3）理解题。通读全文可知，文章没有告诉我们到目前为止韦德博士为维基百科添加文章花费了多少时间，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据Dr. Wade will keep writing her articles，but she also wants to teach other people how to add articles to Wikipedia.She would like to create a website to keep track of all of the biographies.She wants to turn them into a teaching tool.可知韦德博士会继续写她的文章，但她也想教别人如何在维基百科上添加文章，她想创建—个网站来记录所有的传记，她想把这些文章变成教学工具，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
13．阅读理解
Inventions Phone The first telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. It made communication easier. But the telephone were only fixed in post offices at first. People had to go there to make calls to faraway people and the fees were very high. Later, a cellphone was developed in 1973 in America. It was one of the most useful inventions. People can use cellphones to communicate with others much more easily. They can take them anywhere to make private calls, even vision calls（可视电话） Cellphones have many other functions, such as sending messages, taking photos and reading online. TV The first TV set was invented by an English scientist, John Baird, in 1926. The invention helped people watch films at home instead of going to the cinema as before. At first, TV sets only broadcast black—white pictures. Several years later colour TV sets made the pictures lively. However, they were heavy and thick was difficult to move them. Then, digital TV sets came into being. They were light and thin. Many TV programmes were available（可获得的） at any time. At present, people can use the IPTV（网络电视） to record and replay programmes. Computer The first modern computer was invented in America in 1946. It was as big as a room. It improved the speed and exactitude of calculation （计算） In the 1950s, desktop computers were invented in the same country. They became smaller and could be put on the desk. Since then, they have become very important in many fields of work and leisure. Before the 1970s, computers were single. It was the Internet that joined computers into a big family, so they could share information with one another. Around 1985, laptops were developed in Japan. They were much smaller and could be put on people's laps. They were light and easy to take. （1）The first cellphone was invented _______. A. in1876 B. in1926 C. in1946 D. in1973 （2）People could watch films _______ before 1926.
A. in the cinema B. on the computer C. on the cellphone D. on TV （3）A scientist from _______ invented desktop computers.
A. China B. the USA C. the UK D. Japan （4）The first modern computer was used for _______.
A. calculating B. joining computers into a big family C. playing games D. sharing information with one another 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）B （4）A
【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍电话、电视机和电脑等三大发明。
（1）细节题。根据a cellphone was developed in 1973 in America.可知，手机是在1973年发明的，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据The first TV set was invented by an English scientist, John Baird, in 1926. The invention helped people watch films at home instead of going to the cinema as before.可知，人们1926年前去电影院看电影，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据 The first modern computer was invented in America in 1946. desktop computers were invented in the same country.可知，桌面电脑是由美国发明的，故选B。 （4）细节题。根据It improved the speed and exactitude of calculation （计算）可知，第一台电脑用于计算，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案。
14．阅读理解
Have you seen Avatar（《阿凡达》）? It's a popular3Dflm, and you may have to wear 3D glasses to see it. The 3D glasses make the images（图像） from the film look as if they are coming straight towards you.
More and more 3D films are coming to theatres. Some say that 3D TV sets will come into our homes in the near future. 3D technology can make TV and films more exciting. However, people with eye problems may get headaches if they spend too much time watching 3D films. Why? When we look at an object（物体）, each eye sees it at a different angle. Our eyes send the two images to our brain（大脑）, and the brain puts them together. 3D technology uses two film projectors（投影机）. One projects a left—eye image and the other projects a right—eye image. 3D glasses allow us to see a different image in each eye. So, when we are watching a 3D film, our brain can't put together the images. The brain needs to work harder at reading \"the images. That makes it easier for people with eye problems to get dizzy（头晕的） or have headaches. A famous eye doctor said if your eyes can't focus（聚焦）on the same object at once, you will have trouble watching 3D films.
（1）According to the passage, Avatar is a _______.
A. digital camera B. digital TV set C. 3D film D. AD film （2）The 3D glasses can make the images from the film _______.
A. look more beautiful than usual B. look as if they are coming straight towards you C. look as if they are far away from you D. look clearer than usual （3）People will have _______ in their homes in the near future.
A. 3D computers B. 3D phones C. 3D films D. 3D TV sets （4）When we look at an object, _______. A. each eye sees the object at the same angle B. our brain puts the two different pictures together C. there will be two film projectors in our eyes D. our brain can't put together the images 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D （4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了3D电影。
（1）细节题。根据It's a popular 3D film.可知是3D电影，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据The 3D glasses make the images（图像） from the film look as if they are coming straight towards you.可知3D眼镜从电影里制作图像，看起来好像它们正在朝你直走，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据Some say that 3D TV sets will come into our homes in the near future.可知在不久的将来3D电视将进入我们家，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据When we look at an object（物体）, each eye sees it at a different angle.Our eyes send the two images to our brain（大脑）, and the brain puts them together.可知当我们看物体时，每个眼睛在不同的角度看见物体，我们的眼睛把图像发送给我们的大脑，大脑将图像放在一起，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
15．阅读理解
WHICH FAMOUS PERSONS IN HISTORY WOULD YOU LIKE TO MEET AND WHY?
For me it would clearly be Leonardo da Vinci. I'd love to meet him. He was not just an artist. He seems to know a number of things that only came about hundreds of years later, like flying machines and so on. I'd like to tell him he really did see the future. Naomi, Chicago I'd choose Cleopatra — the last king of ancient Egypt. It was said that she was very beautiful and she developed some really useful political alliances （政治联盟）. Not many women were so clever and powerful in ancient times. I'd like to have seen how she did it. Lucinda, Nairobi I'm Latin American, so I would name Simon Bolivar as the person I would like to meet. He was a brave leader and helped develop independence（独立） for several countries in Latin America in the nineteenth century. Patricia, Caracas I studied philpsophy（哲学）, so I would like to speak face-to-face with the Great Chinese philosopher Confucious. I'd like to discuss with him about his political philosophy and his idea about family values. Even though he lived over two thousand years ago, some of his opinions are still meaningful. Li Yun, Shanghai （1）Whose ideas about inventions have come true? A. Leonardo de Vinci's B. Cleopatra's C. Simon Bolivar's D. Confucius's （2）Which of the following is TRUE from the passage? A. Leonardo de Vinci invented a flying machine hundreds of years ago. B. Lucinda would like to have met Cleopatra because she was pretty. C. Simon Bolivar improved independence of women.
D. Li Yun would like to talk with Confucious about his family values. （3）In which part of a magazine can we read the passage?
A. Art B. Movie C. History D. Science 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了不同人想遇见历史上哪个名人及原因。
（1）细节题。根据第一个like flying machines and so on. I'd like to tell him he really did see the future.可知达芬奇的发明如飞机已经实现了，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据最后一个I'd like to discuss with him about his political philosophy and his idea about family values.可知李云想要和孔夫子谈论他的家庭观，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据WHICH FAMOUS PERSONS IN HISTORY WOULD YOU LIKE TO MEET AND WHY?可知讲的是历史上的名人，所以可能在历史上读到，故选C。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
16．阅读理解
Do you know the whales in the sea? There are many relatives（亲属） in the whale family and they always live together with whales.
Few people know dolphins（海豚） are part of the whale family. Dolphins are not fish. They are mammals（哺乳动物）. They breathe air, and they have babies and feed them with milk. Dolphins are famous for their wonderful shows. They can jump high out of the water and show turns in the air. These jumps give the dolphins time to breathe.
Porpoises（鼠海豚） are also in the whale family and are quite like dolphins. But they are different in the size and shape of the mouth. The dolphin's mouth is long and thin, but the porpoise's is short and thick. Dolphins are also more talkative than porpoises. Dolphins make sounds to talk with each other under water. But porpoises do not do this. Both of them are smart and friendly to humans.
Not all the members of the whale family are friendly. Big whales are much easier to be angry than smaller dolphins or porpoises. An angry whale can be dangerous. Perhaps this helped to create the story of Moby Dick that sank （使下沉） a ship and made all the people on it die in
the sea.
（1）According to the passage, the porpoise .
A. is a kind of mouse B. is friendly to humans
C. is much bigger than the dolphin D. has a longer nose than the dolphin （2）What can we learn from the passage?
A. Dolphins and porpoises have great differences in their habits. B. Whale families often like swimming and living in groups.
C. Porpoises make sounds to communicate with one another under water. D. Dolphins jump high out of the water to have fun.
（3）The underlined part \"Moby Dick\" in the last paragraph is probably . A. a ship B. a dolphin C. a porpoise D. a whale （4）Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Food that Whales Eat B. Whales' Eating Habits
C. Members of the Whale Family D. Differences Between Dolphins and Porpoises 【答案】 （1）B （2）B （3）D （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了鲸类的生活习性。
（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 Both of them are smart and friendly to humans 可知，它们对人类很友好，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据文章提到的 There are many relatives in the whale family and they always live together with whales可知，鲸类通常群居生活，故选B。
（3）推断题。根据文章前文介绍可知，大鲸鱼脾气不好，可知划横线的单词应该是大鲸鱼这一类，故选D。
（4）主旨题。根据文章前后内容可知，本文主要介绍了鲸鱼家族的种类和习性，故选C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
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