Unit One Part I How “Average” People Excel课后练习
I. Reading for Information
1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D
II. Translation
1. 我进入寿险这一行，做得还算不错。我有幸与几个最棒的寿险推销员一起被指认为一委员会委员。一时间我吓得要命（我甚为诚惶诚恐）。
2. 一般的成功人士为了将来的收获，甘坐冷板凳且推迟享受。反观诸多快速成功者，他们期望太多且渴望一蹴而就。当回报不能立刻兑现时，他们就变得灰心丧气，愁苦不堪。
3. 我一直在寻找那些有天赋、能自律的人。然后培养他们的爱心和忠诚。我招募他们，激励他们，每当我们取得什么成绩，我与他们一起分享荣誉。
4. 有一次，一场盛大的开幕典礼定于周末举行，而我们的大部分家具还在我们与批发商两地之间的卡车上，据这里有数天的车程，于是我们便到外边以零售价购买了价值5000美元的货品。这样坐吞噬了我们大部分的利润，可我们不能让建筑商失望。
5. 美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯可能被他貌似的平凡所击垮。他出身贫寒，外表丑陋，然而却颇有建树，给世人眼中的“平凡予新的涵义和尊严。
III. Summary
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A.
1. set their sights high –– achieve their goals
2. is little related to –– university-educated fast-trackers –– self-discipline
3. overpowering ego –– bring out the best in people
4. broaden their knowledge base
5. stick with –– keep your word
Part II Success Lessons from Soccer课后练习
1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T
Unit Two Part I Negotiating for Mutual Satisfaction
I. Reading for Information
1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C
II. Translation
1. 等等！我不管谁把那块馅饼切成两块，但不论谁切，都得给另一方挑选的权力。2
2. 很多情况下，冲突双方的需求并非对立。如果关注点从击败对方转向解决问题，那么每个人都能受益。
3. 如果工会赢了，罢工期间损失的工资将超过争得的利益。相反，由于罢工，资方的损失将超过为避免罢工而答应其要求的成本。所以，罢工必两败俱伤。
4. 相反，我们应该认识到我们真正的利益是互补的，进而彼此相问：“我们该怎样协作，使馅饼更大，大家分得的份额更多？”
5. 如果那卖主宽容和气，通情达理又富有同情心，他就该把价格谈到497元，使那对夫妇得到快乐和满足。为他们省了247美元却最终令他们付出了三倍于此数目的怒火帐。
III. Summary
A.
1. mutual satisfaction –– shift…from…to
2. in opposition –– producing a creative outcome –– complementary
3. uniqueness –– identical –– victorious
4. satisfy their needs –– unconscious and unacknowledged
5. an exchange of material objects –– obtain your objective
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Part II Negotiating Skills Can Be Learned课后练习
II. True or False
1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. T
Unit Three Part I A Breast Cancer Survivor课后练习
I. Reading for Information
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D
II. Translation
1. 你过着日常生活，这是不知从哪儿冒出个人告诉你，你换了癌症，一直健康的人如何体会这种状况啊！
2. 她说：“，如今的幸存者是仰仗着早先参加临床试验的人而活下来的。”似乎我去做化疗是顺理成章的，希望我的经历，不管结果怎样，会有助于那些以后罹患乳腺癌的女性。
3. 尽一切可能满足自己，笑对人生，保持你的仪表容颜。
4. 这可以成为一个千载良机，让你更加内省，并在个人成长道路上大步向前。
III. Summary
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A.
1. are struck with –– have a good chance of
2. go through –– introspect and analyze
3. sink in
4. survivor –– take an active role –– informed
5. in control –– options
6. optimistic –– diagnosed –– challenging situation
7. keep the skin whole
8. applied –– tolerate
9. worked wonders –– going for
Part II Community Monitoring and Free Care课后练习
1. Suffering from a major heart attack, Rose did not have health coverage. So she had a hard time to pay the hospital bill.
2. Policy makers failed to pay attention to people who didn’t enjoy the health
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care program and hospitals that didn’t provide free or reduced cost care.
3. As a non-profit national consumer advocacy, Community Catalyst hears stories form people being turned away form their local hospitals and tries to help.
4. It develops a network of organizations fighting for health care, which addresses the problems of related hospital free care.
5. Communities have established public hospitals with missions to serve those who don’t have financial resources; non-profit hospitals are tax-free; several states require hospitals to provide some level of free care in exchange for various public funds.
Unit Four Part I White-Collar Sweatshops Batter Young Workers课后练习
I. Reading for Information
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A
II. Translation
1. 别去细算这笔账了，这些白领血汗工厂是公司美国最成功的骗局。
2. 多年来，唯我独尊的公司一直是通过压榨他们的雇员来维持低廉的劳动成本。
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3. 大量裁员使得人们不得不回答这个问题，精打细算的公司管理者应该会对该问题答案对他们道德底线的影响感到不寒而栗的。
4. 一份压力很大的工作满足了参与超越自身之事的渴求，而工作16小时的日子意味着你不必处理生活中的杂乱琐事。
5. 但是黑暗中总有一线光明，血汗公司的裁员迫使选择面广、才智卓越的年轻人思考：在其他地方他们或许会更幸福。
6. 他们可以雇用不那么精明的员工，但那样的话他们首先失去的就是对客户有吸引力的智囊人才。
III. Summary
A.
1. college grads –– Ivy League –– corporate luxury
2. Lured –– bug in
3. savvy –– sacrifice
4. skip their love affairs –– midlife crisis
5. handle the stress –– wonder –– lifestyle
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6. glamour
7. vie for
8. sweatshops –– lay off –– decision
Part II For US Workers, Vacation is Vanishing课后练习
1. They think it’s a humanist right, a major premise for a civilized and dignified life as other Europeans.
2. The corporate culture model in the post-New Deal was a paternalistic one: unlike the current stock-price-is-God model, workers got more vacation time.
3. The figure of companies that don’t offer paid vacation is rising in recent years.
4. The average American’s response is neither admiration nor envy; they are proud of their own condition and show contempt for their European worker counterparts.
5. They incorporate the corporate culture propaganda of Reagan’s time within themselves so well as their conscious or subconscious guiding principles.
Unit Five Part I Beyond Babies (I) 课后练习
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I.
Reading for Information
1. D 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. C
II.
Translation
1. 当然，他们最热衷于谈论的话题是人际关系：男人不愿意承诺、女人的独立、啥时
候生孩子，或者越来越多地讨论究竟要不要孩子。
2. 希腊曾被认为是欧洲最为传统的社会之一，正教会要求人们结婚生子的严格戒律在过去占主导地位。
3. 在英国，像《无子女安享人生》这样的书市场越来越大。身为记者的尼克·德华格说，她写这本书的目的就是“让决定不生小孩子的女人知道他们的感情生活绝对正常。”
4. 事实上，人口学家说，使家庭生活幸福的20世纪50年代和60年代才不把历史规范放在眼里。
5. 在美国和西欧的大城市，成家不要孩子长期来都很常见，这种家庭模式在更为传统的农村地区也正快速地得到人们的认可。
III.
Summary
A.
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1. odd –– held sway –– barren –– case suspicion on
2. timing –– given –– swath of the population
3. shift –– disparate ––extending ––postponing
4. spawned –– capitalize on –– cater to
5. product –– infertility –– a complex combination of factors
6. households –– gaining acceptability
Part II Beyond Babies (II) 课后练习
1. Because support for working mothers is almost non-existent (though recently that’s began to change). Childcare is expensive, men don’t help out, and some companies strongly discourage mothers from returning to work.
2. From the sentence “At the same time, around the world it’s mostly men who are at the head of a growing backlash against the childless”, we can say that men are more against childlessness.
3. in Germany, economists and politicians have demanded that public pension for the childless be slashed by up to 50 percent.
4. France recently raised child subsidies to increase sharply with children
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numbers three and four.
5. Because polls among young adults today show a continued decline in their ideal family size.
Unit Six Part I The Ties That Bind 课后练习
I. Reading for Information
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. D
II. Translation
1. 我们的血液藏有我们是谁的秘密。人类的基因组99.9%是一样的，我们的相似之处远远多于相异之处。
2. 离我们最近的共同祖先 –– 基因上的“亚当”和“夏娃”–– 已经被追溯到非洲，在世界各地也发现了其他让人感兴趣的祖先。
3. 我们每个细胞中的DNA不仅决定了我们眼睛的颜色，而且含有我们先辈的足迹。一个小孩儿的基因组几乎完全是其父母结合所产生的基因混合体。
4. 科学的确有其局限之处。既然科研人类并没有真正采到成吉思汗之类人物的DNA，要想证明是否为某些历史人物的嫡系后代几乎是不可能的。
5. 土著民众已经遭受殖民掠夺，许多人依然对主流文化不信任，唯恐交出自己的血液
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样本及其里面含有的信息。
III. Summary
A.
1. identical –– reveals clues to
2. larger story –– collecting –– DNA samples –– indigenous populations
3. dictates –– footprints
4. uncover links to –– have its limits –– the likes –– direct descent from
5. debated –– originated in
6. wary of –– have had their share of –– distrustful of
Part II Is the food Scarcity Scare for Real? 课后练习
1. The drying up of underground water resources from over-pumping is a far more serious issue.
2. The consequences are collapsing fisheries, shrinking forests, expanding deserts, escalating CO2 levels, eroding soil, elevating temperatures, disappearing species, falling water tables, melting glaciers, deteriorating grasslands, rising seas,
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and rivers that are running dry.
3. Water, rice and corn.
4. The three principal steps needed to secure future food supplies are worldwide efforts to raise water productivity, cut carbon emissions, and stabilize population.
5. many Americans see terrorism as the principal threat to security.
Unit Seven Part I Between Two Worlds (I) 课后练习
I. Reading for Information
1. C 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. B
II. Translation
1. 32岁的格雷丝·张·卢卡莱丽拖着长腔，用柔和的德克萨斯口音回忆说：由于她是镇上为数不多的亚裔美国人之一，因此“受到人们的嘲笑，”对此同伴们也是同情地、但更为严肃的点了点头。
2. 正是在那儿（与外界隔绝的郊区）它们的孩子长大成人，如今年龄在20至40岁之间，他们生活在两种社会之间：一个是不久前移民至此的父母在家中极力维持的传统领域，另一个是大门外社会里飞赴变幻的西方文化。
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3. 如此他们更新了古老的移民故事，塑造了全新的亚裔美国人身份，这种身份在他们父母的祖国没有获得完全的认可，但就其混合性而言，洋溢着美国特性。
4. 如果你绘制一个表示文化适应的图表，一边是父辈移民的风俗习惯，另一边是生活其中的社会的风俗习惯，典型的模型会显示一个长期稳定的去向，揭示一个缓慢的美国化过程，这一过程需要两代人才能完成。
5. 但是在费城的维拉诺瓦大学，阿莫德找到了来自不同背景的朋友，他们赞同多样性，帮助她 –– 用阿莫德的话说 –– 成为“融合东西方文化的人”。
6. 她说：“我选择同时接受两种节日，而不是孤立自己只选择一种。”
III. Summary
A.
1. immigrated –– sense
2. identity ––
3. assimilate
4. urban –– Instead –– isolation –– traditional –– maintain
5. steady –– Americanization –– distinctive –– ethnic roots
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6. foreigners –– alienation
7. commonplace –– exclusion –– neighborhoods
Part I Beyond Babies (II) 课后练习
1. They usually find their self-affirmation when they go to college.
2. Both of them experienced a cultural boomerang: from trying every means to mingle into the white community to highlighting their ethnic legacies.
3. most Asian parents’ biggest expectation of their children is that they can enter a top university. Therefore, they tend to view their children’s active involvement in extracurricular activities as frivolous diversions from the main goal.
4. The claim that Asian children “are dealing with oil and water” indicates that they have to live in dramatically diversified cultures. The claim is best reflected in the incompatibility in romance. Most Asian-immigrant parents encourage their children to find parents of the same ethnicity.
5. the second-generation Asian-Americans are going to be pioneers like their parents, but in a very different sense. They live between two worlds: the traditional domain their recently arrived parents sought to maintain at home and the fast-changing Western culture of the society outside the front door.
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