一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解
Radio and television are very popular in the world today. Millions of people watch TV. Perhaps more people listen to the radio.
The TV, of course, is more useful than the radio. On TV you can see and hear what is happening in the world.
Now the radio is not disappearing. It's still with us. And the number of listeners is becoming larger. One reason for this is the invention of the transistor（晶体管）radio. The transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry. You can put one in your pocket and listen to it on the bus when you go to work. It is better for blind people. Many old people don't have good sight（视力）to watch TV. When people are working，they can't watch TV but they can listen to music or news over the radio. What's more，the radio is much cheaper than the TV. （1）After the television was invented，people ____.
A. think it is unnecessary to use the radio B. don't want to use the radio any more C. are still using the radio D. find the radio is disappearing
（2）One of the reasons for the larger number of listeners of the radio is that ____. A. the TV was invented B. the transistor radio was invented C. people don't like watching TV D. millions of people watch TV （3）____ listen to the radio more because their sight isn't good enough. A. Children B. Young people C. Old people D. Adults （4）Usually ____ can be used easily while people are moving or working.
A. the radio B. the TV C. both the TV and the radio D. neither the radio nor the TV 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）C （4）A
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述收音机和电视机在世界上的很受欢迎，电视与收音机比，电视更有用，然而收音机由于体积小便宜，便于携带，听众也越来越多，深受老年人喜爱。
（1）细节题。根据Perhaps more people listen to the radio.可知，电视发明后，人们依然使用收音机，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据One reason for this is the invention of the transistor（晶体管）radio. 可知，收音机听众的数量更多其中一个原因是晶体管收音机被发明，故选B。
（3）推断题。根据 Many old people don't have good sight（视力）to watch TV.可知，老年人由于视力不好听广播的人更多，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据When people are working，they can't watch TV but they can listen to music or news over the radio.可知，通常人们移动或者工作时可以听收音机，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻
找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
2．阅读理解
\"Without music, life would be a mistake, \"famous German philosopher（哲学家）Friedrich Nietzsche said over a century ago. Music is a big part of our lives. But in recent years, some American schools have cut music classes to control budgets（预算）.
For example, Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1, 000 teachers. Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught art or music, according to The Washington Times. In fact, this is not just a problem in the US. In other countries, such as China and the UK, music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like science, math and history. That's partly because music is not seen as a very important life skill, and it isn't tested. Many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students choose to focus on subjects that are tested more often. However, learning music is beneficial（有益的）in many ways.
When playing music, you need different abilities to work together. It is not as simple as it looks, according to Kenneth K. Guilmartin of Music Together, an early childhood music development program. For example, when playing the piano, people see music notes and decode（解码）them in their brains. They also use their fingers to make sounds. You need to deal with all these things at the same time.
Music has a special connection with science as well. You can see that many scientists are good at playing music：Einstein played the violin and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano.
（1）Some schools in the US cut music classes, because ____.
A. they were too difficult to learn B. students in the US weren't interested in music C. the schools wanted to control budgets D. there weren't enough music teachers in the US （2）In Paragraph 2, what does the underlined word \"them\" refer to（指代）? A. Students in Chicago. B. Public schools. C. Parents in Chicago. D. Fired teachers. （3）How many scientists who are good at playing music are mentioned in this passage? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. （4）What's the writer's opinion according to this passage?
A. Music is as simple as it looks. B. Music classes should be cut in some schools. C. Music is a big part of our lives. D. Music isn't a very important life skill for us. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了很多地区削减了音乐课以控制预算，这是不合适的，因为音乐在许多方面都是有益的。
（1）细节题。根据some American schools have cut music classes to control budgets可知美国的一些学校停课，因为学校想控制预算，故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1, 000
teachers...10 percent of the teachers taught art or music 芝加哥公立学校解雇了1000多名教师……10%的教师教授艺术或音乐，可知them指代被解雇的教师，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据 Einstein played the violin and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano 爱因斯坦拉小提琴，德国物理学家马克斯·普朗克擅长弹钢琴可知文章提到了2名擅长演奏音乐的科学家，故选B。
（4）推理题。根据 Music has a special connection with science as well 音乐也与科学有着特殊的联系 可知作者的观点是音乐是我们生活的一大部分，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
3．根据短文内容选择正确答案。
A
The 2014 FI FA World Cup, the twentieth World Cup football match, was held in Brazil from June 12th, 2014 to July 13th, 2014. Thirty-two teams from different countries brought us sixty-four wonderful games during the World Cup. This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country and the fifth in South America. Thousands of football fans watched the games. A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国）, a mouth-watering documentary TV program featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people. The program has become very popular since it was shown on TV. The documentary provides not only Chinese delicious food but also the relationships between people and food. “We made this documentary with our respect and love for food. I hope it will help people learn more about Chinese food as well as Chinese culture.” said the director Mr. Chen. Lu Jialei, a school girl from Hangzhou, China, won the championship of the first Chinese Character Dictation Contest, which made her become famous overnight. Lu is a hard-working girl and always comes top at school. “I like reading and I’m crazy about learning Chinese characters. I enjoy the contest and hope more and more people become interested in learning Chinese characters.” said Lu Jialei after winning the contest. （1）How long did the 2014 FIFA World Cup last?
A. About a week. B. About two weeks C. About a month. D. About two months. （2）Which is NOT true according to the articles?
A. Lu Jialei always gets good grades at school. B. The World Cup has been held in South America twice. C. Many people like watching the TV program A Bite of China.
D. Lu Jialei hopes more people ca n take much interest in Chinese characters. （3）Where may the articles probably come from?
A. A story book. B. A science report. C. A sports magazine. D. The Internet. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D
【解析】【分析】这篇短文给我们介绍了三段不同内容的短文。第一段是关于今年夏天将在巴西举行的足球世界杯；第二段是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个电视节目；第三段是关于第一届汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。
（1）细节理解题。根据短文的第一段中the twentieth World Cup football match, will be held in Brazil from June 12th, 2014 to July 13th, 2014.可知，第20届世界杯足球赛将于2014年6月12号到7月13号在巴西举行，时间是持续一个月。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据Lu is a hard-working girl and always comes top at school.可知A的说法是对的；根据A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国）, a mouth-watering documentary TV program featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people.可知C的说法也符合文意；根据enjoy the contest and hope more and more people become interested in learning Chinese characters可知D也是符合文意的； 根据This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country and the fifth in South America.可知，这是世界杯足球赛第五次在南美洲国家举行，故B不对。选B。
（3）主旨大意题。这篇短文中给我们介绍了三个不同的内容，第一段是关于今年的世界杯足球比赛将在巴西举行；第二个是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个节目；第三个是关于汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。这样的一篇短文应该来源于网上。故选D。
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
4．根据短文内容选择正确答案。 A
Shirley Temple, the once-famous child movie star, died at the age of 85 on February 10, 2014. She was born on April 23, 1928. She was good at acting and dancing. In 1934, she starred（主演） in the movie Bright Eyes. From then on she became famous around the world. Later she starred in other movies and won a Juvenile Oscar in February, 1935.
For many Americans born in the 1930s and 1940s, Temple was not just an on-screen star but also a close friend in their childhood. She was remembered by the world as “little angle” for all time. An American movie star said, “Little Shirley Temple encouraged the whole country during the Great Depression（大萧条）.”
Shi Li and Cui Jiping are husband and wife. They are disabled. They completed the first Chinese encyclopedic（百科知识的） dictionary for deaf people and people with hearing problems. The dictionary includes words on medicine, education, psychology, law, history and culture about deaf people's life. This book provides a learning tool for this special group of people and it helps them know about the world more easily.
They spent six years and over 1,000,000 yuan on the book. They first collected material for the book by themselves, then they invited a lot of experts across the country to write.
The book is warmly welcomed by the deaf. One of the readers said, “The book shows that we're not alone. We can have our own way to communicate with the world. ” （1）From the passage we know that Temple .
A. won a Juvenile Oscar for Bright Eyes B. began to star in her first movie when she was ten C. was not an on-screen star D. was encouraging during the Great Depression （2）According to the passage, Shi Li and Cui Jiping . A. are disabled people full of love B. wrote many famous books C. finished the book by themselves D. live a very hard and poor life （3）Which of the following is TRUE about the book? A. It is the first world encyclopedic dictionary.
B. Deaf people can know about the world more easily with the help of it. C. It took them sixteen years to finish the book.
D. It includes medicine and art about the life of deaf people. 【答案】（1）D （2）A （3）B
【解析】【分析】本文报道了名人Shirley Temple、Shi Li and Cui Jiping的事迹。Temple曾经著名的儿童电影明星，在1935年2月获得了少年奥斯卡奖，在美国经济大萧条时期，Temple鼓励着整个国家。Shi Li and Cui Jiping是残疾人，他们为聋人和听力有障碍的人编写了中国第一本为聋人和听力有障碍的人的百科全书。
（１）细节理解题。根据An American movie star said, “Little Shirley Temple encouraged the whole country during the Great Depression（大萧条）.”可知在美国经济大萧条时期，Temple鼓励着整个国家，故选D。
（２）推理判断题。根据They are disabled. They complete the first Chinese encyclopedic（百科知识的） dictionary for deaf people and people with hearing problems.可知Shi Li and Cui Jiping是残疾人，他们为聋人和听力有障碍的人编写了中国第一本为聋人和听力有障碍的人的百科全书。故推断他么那是在帮助这些残疾人，是有爱心的，故选A。
（３）细节理解题。根据This book provides a learning tool for this special group of people and it helps them know about the world more easily.可知这本书为这群特殊人群提供了一个学习工具，并且帮助他们更容易地了解世界。故选B。
5．阅读理解
A young man with a large bag on his back came far away for a master （大师）. He said
\"Master, I'm so lonely and so painful that the long trip makes me tired out, my shoes worn-out, my feet cut, and my hands also injured an bleeding .... Why can't I find the sun in the heart?\" The master asked, \"What do you put in you large bag?\"
The young man said, \"It is very important to me, inside it including the pain each time I fall, the tears each time I'm hurt, the trouble each time I feel lonely ... Depending on it, I can come to you here.\"
So the master took the young man to the river which they crossed in a boat. On the other side of the river, the master said, \"Hurry on your journey carrying the boat!\"
\"What, carrying the boat?\" the young man was surprised, \"it is so heavy. How can I carry it?\" \"Yes, my son, you can't carry it,\" the master just smiled and said, \"when you cross the river, the boat is useful. But after crossing it, you will put down the boat and hurry on, If not, it will become a burden （负担）. Pain, loneliness and tears—all these are useful to life. They can improve life, but if you don't forget them all the time, they will become the burden in life. Put it down! My son, life can't bear（承受） a heavy burden,\" The young man put down his bag and hurried on. He walked easily and happily, and much faster than before.
（1）What do the underlined words \"the sun\" probably mean?
A. Health. B. Wealth. C. Success. D. Happiness. （2）What's in his large bag?
A. Clothes, tears and food. B. Pain, tears and trouble. C. Clothes, food and water. D. Pain, water and trouble. （3）How did they cross the river?
A. By boat. B. On foot. C. By swimming. D. Across the bridge. （4）Why did the master ask him to carry the boat?
A. To teach him to improve his life. B. To tell him the boat is very useful. C. To tell him the boat is very important. D. To teach him to put down his burden. （5）How did the young man feel after he put down his bag at last?
A. Awful. B. Painful. C. Relaxed. D. Surprised. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）A （4）D （5）C
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述疼痛，孤独和泪水都对我们很有用，它们可以改善我们的生活，但是如果一直不能忘记，它们就会成为我们生活中的负担，因此要学会适当的放弃负担的故事。
（1）词义猜测题。根据Why can't I find the sun in the heart?\" inside it including the pain each time I fall, the tears each time I'm hurt, the trouble each time I feel lonely ... 可知，为什么我心中不能发现太阳，在它里面是我每次摔跤的痛苦，受伤的泪水孤独时的忧愁，可推出the sun在此处的意思是“不开心”，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据inside it including the pain each time I fall, the tears each time I'm hurt, the
trouble each time I feel lonely ... 可知，他袋子里装了痛苦，眼泪和忧愁，故选B。 （3）细节题。根据So the master took the young man to the river which they crossed in a boat.可知，他们坐船过河，故选A。
（4）细节题。根据Put it down! My son, life can't bear（承受） a heavy burden,可知，通过背着船过河是为了教他放弃负担。故选D。
（5）推断题。根据He walked easily and happily, and much faster than before.可知，他放下包后感到轻松。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思。
6．阅读理解
We all know that many women like to wear dresses. They enjoy many kinds of colourful and popular dresses. But have you ever heard of a 4D dress?
Jessica Rosenkrantz in the USA used 3D printing technology to make a very special and new dress. It will help with the problems of different styles of women's dresses.
The dress maker called the special dress a\"4D dress\" \". It is like the fabric（织物）. It can turn into different kinds of shapes.
The company, in Massachusetts, the USA, also made a smartphone and an app（应用）. They can help women to control their dresses. If women use the phone and the app, they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses. Isn't it very interesting?
When she talked about her work, Jessica said, \"There will be many more changeable dresses for women in the future. I am interested in making them too, I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women.\"
（1）What will the 4D dress do for women?
A. It will make women relax themselves a lot. B. It will turn into different styles for women. C. It will help women keep thin and beautiful. D. It will help women find good jobs easily. （2）What does the underlined word \"It\" in the passage refer to?
A. The 4D dress. B. 3D printing technology. C. A company. D. The dress maker. （3）What will Jessica do in the future? A. She will have many companies around the world. B. She will buy a very new smartphone and use the app. C. She will make many more changeable dresses. D. She will help women choose more beautiful dresses.
（4）From the passage, we can infer that _________________. A. Jessica Rosenkrantz used a common thing to make the 4D dress B. the 4D dress can only turn into ten kinds of shapes for women C. the company in the UK made the smartphone to control the 4D dress D. women may use the phone and the app to change the style of the dress （5）What's the best title for this passage?
A. Women's hobbies B. Women's styles C. Jessica's drear D. The 4D dress 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C （4）D （5）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了4D连衣裙，未来会有更多适合女性的多变服装。
（1）推理题。根据 they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses 可知， 4d服装对于女性来说，它会变成不同的风格，故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据The dress maker called the special dress a\"4D dress\" \". It is like the fabric（织物）. It can turn into different kinds of shapes服装制造商称这种特殊服装为“4d服装”。它就像织物（织物）。它可以变成不同的形状 可知it指代4D连衣裙，故选A。 （3）细节题。根据 I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women 可知杰西卡将来会做很多更易变的衣服，故选C。
（4）推理题。根据If women use the phone and the app, they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses 如果女性使用手机和应用程序，她们可以改变衣服的颜色、风格和其他许多东西可知， 女性可能会使用手机和应用程序来改变着装风格，故选D。
（5）主旨题。根据本文介绍了4D连衣裙，未来会有更多适合女性的多变服装可知The 4D dress是适合的标题，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
7．阅读理解
Bill: My favourite book is The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion, the Witch（女巫） and the Wardrobe（魔衣柜） by C.S, Lewis. It's about four children who find a magical（神奇的） land inside a wardrobe. A witch makes the land winter forever, The children help save the magical land from the witch with the help of Aslan, a great talking lion. The children become leaders. But then they come back to our world ... until their next journey in Narnia. Eric: I like reading The Magic School Bus written by Joanna Cole best. The magic school bus can go everywhere, even inside the human body. I like Arnold, a boy in Ms. Frizzle's class. He's really funny and he's always afraid. Grace: One of my all-time favourite books is Ugly by Donna Jo Napoli. It's the story of an ugly young duck. It's a little sad, but after you finish reading it, you'll want to read it again and again. The way Donna Jo Napoli writes is special, and you can really get inside the characters' heads. It sounds like music when it's being read to you. Sally: My favourite book is Bloomability by Sharon Creech. It's about a girl whose parents are always on the move. Then she is suddenly taken to Switzerland by her aunt and uncle, away from her family. Interested? Then read this book! Jane: My favourite book is Nancy Drew Mystery（疑案） Stories by Carolyn Keene. I have read it about four times! It is about a girl who loves solving mysteries, and she finds a statue that whispers. Well, I'm not going to tell you the story. I'll let you read it by yourself. （1）In Bill's favourite book, four children fight against ________________. A. a lion B. a witch C. a wardrobe D. a duck （2）When finishing reading Ugly, readers may feel a little ________________. A. afraid B. sad C. excited D. nervous （3）Sally's favourite book is written by ________________.
A. C.S. Lewis B. Joanna Cole C. Donna Jo Napoli D. Sharon Creech （4）Tina is interested in special journeys, so she may like to read ________________. A. Ugly B. Bloomability C. The Magic School Bus D. Nancy Drew Mystery Stories （5）Bloomability and Nancy Drew Mystery Stories both tell stories about ________________. A. a girl B. a magical land C. a young duck D. a school 【答案】 （1）B （2）B （3）D （4）C （5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Bill、Eric、Grace、Sally和Jane最喜爱的书。
（1）细节题。根据第一个表格It's about four children who find a magical（神奇的） land inside a wardrobe. A witch makes the land winter forever可知主要讲了四个孩子对抗女巫的故事，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据第三个表格It's a little sad可知读完后读者感到有点难过，故选B。 （3）细节题。根据第四个表格My favourite book is Bloomability by Sharon Creech.可知由Sharon Creech所写，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据第二个表格The magic school bus can go everywhere, even inside the human body.可知魔法公交车可以去任何地方，甚至人类身体，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据第四个表格It's about a girl whose parents are always on the move.可知主要讲了一个小女孩的故事，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
8．阅读理解
Good food photography（摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins（替身）, just as movie stars do. \"When I get my lights and camera set up, I remove the stand-in and put in the real thing,\" explains Ray Webber, who photographs food for magazine advertisements. \"Sometimes I have to brush the food with its juices because it may have dried out a bit. And when I'm shooting（拍摄） something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer
（喷雾器） of water to spray（喷洒） them with dew（水珠） just before I shoot.\"
Shooting food outdoors has special problems. \"I'm always worrying about flies or worms（虫） coming up the glass,\" Webber explains. \"I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food.\" Once Webber was shooting a piece of cheese outdoors and needed something to add to its colour. Finally he found a plant with lovely blue flowers. When the photo appeared, several people were horrified （惊骇的）, because the plant was Deadly NightShade（颠茄，有毒）.
（1）According to the article, both movie stars and some food to be photographed . A. appear on sets（舞台） B. need stand-ins C. look better in soft light D. all of the above （2）Food probably looks best in photographs if it has been .
A. sprayed some water B. kept warm C. salted properly D. cooked thoroughly （3）As for outdoor photography, Webber mentions .
A. lighting B. worms C. wind D. both A and B （4）Webber is afraid that dogs might .
A. bark while he is shooting B. get into his pictures C. steal the food D. upset （打翻） his camera 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了摄影师 Ray Webber拍照的一些方法。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Good food photography（摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins（替身）, just as movie stars do. 可知，电影明星和一些食物摄影都需要替身。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段 And when I'm shooting（拍摄） something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer（喷雾器） of water to spray（喷洒） them with dew（水珠） just before I shoot. 可知，食物在拍摄之前喷洒上一些水，可能看起来最好。故选A。 （3）细节理解题。根据第二段 I'm always worrying about flies or worms（虫） coming up the glass .可知，在提到户外摄影的时候， Webber 提到他担心虫子从草那上来。故选B。 （4）细节理解题。根据第二段 I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food. 我同样也担心某天一只狗会从后面出现，带着食物跑了，可知他担心狗偷走食物。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
9．阅读理解
Fiona likes to listen to music. She likes to listen to classical music. Now she is listening to Beethoven's Symphony （交响曲） No. 5. The music is about fate knocking on the door. Fate is the unseen power of life. Fate changes our lives. Fate designs our lives. Fiona likes this music. She feels the power of music.
Suddenly, somebody knocks on her door. She goes to the door and opens it. There is a man at the door. The man is old. He has grey hair and a grey beard （胡须）. She doesn't know who the person is. The man says he is her father. She closes the door in front of the man. She stays at the door and thinks. She has a father. But he is dead. She doesn't know the man at the door. She doesn't understand why he says he is her father. She wants to call the police. Just then she can see a photo under the door. The man is giving her a photo. She looks at the photo. She can see herself with a man she doesn't know. It is her because she took many photos when she was a young girl. Is the man who is standing in front of her door her father? She must find the answer. She opens the door. She asks the man whether he is lying or not. The man tells her he is telling the truth. She invites him for a cup of coffee. They sit down and drink coffee. They start talking about life. He tells her everything that he knows. She listens. Sometimes she is surprised. Sometimes she cries. Sometimes she laughs. They are listening to Beethoven. This time it is not fate, but her father who is knocking on the door. （1）What kind of music does Fiona like?
A. Folk music. B. Pop music. C. Rock and roll. D. Classical music. （2）Why does Fiona open the door again? A. Because the man gives her a photo of her and her father. B. Because she realizes the man standing outside is her father. C. Because she wants to know whether the man is her father. D. Because she wants to listen to the man's stories.
（3）How does Fiona feel during the talk with the man?
A. Surprised. B. Sad. C. Happy. D. A, B&C （4）Where can you find this passage?
A. In a music book. B. In a storybook. C. In a sports book. D. In a science book. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）D （4）B
【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述主人公菲奥娜在听贝多芬的第五首歌的时候，她听到门外有敲门声，她打开门却意外地有人叫她为女儿，她感到很吃惊，爸爸明明已故，但是此时的这个所谓“爸爸”的男人又似曾相识，打开门后两人谈了许多往事，往事让菲奥娜有时吃惊，有时哭泣，有时微笑，最后他们一起听贝多芬的歌曲，最好父女相认。
（1）细节题。根据She likes to listen to classical music.可知，她喜欢听古典音乐，故选D。 （2）细节题。根据Is the man who is standing in front of her door her father? She must find the answer.可知，因为她想知道是否这个男人是她爸爸，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据Sometimes she is surprised. Sometimes she cries. Sometimes she laughs.可知，她有时开心有时伤心有时吃惊，故选D。
（4）推断题。本文讲述菲奥娜和父亲相认的故事，可知这篇文章应来自故事书，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息。
10．阅读理解
A British company has made a new product to help us save money. The product is a wristband that gives us an electric shock if we spend too much money. The wristband is called Pavlok. It is linked to our bank account. It knows how much money we have in the bank. If we go shopping and there is not enough money in our bank account, the wristband makes an electric shock on our wrists. This warns us not to overspend. The company is called Intelligent Environments. It wants to work with banks to help customers with their money. So far, no banks in Britain have said they would ask their customers to wear Pavlok. They could start doing this in the future. The Pavlok wristband is part of the Internet of Things. This is the idea that everything in our life will be connected to the Internet. The CEO of Intelligent Environments, David Webber, said people liked the idea of the Pavlok. Shoppers would rather get a small electric shock in the store from the wristband than get a big shock later when they see their bank account. Mr. Webber said the Pavlok would be great for people who cannot stop spending because they have no power or their power is weak. He added that many young people have the \"ostrich effect\". This is when people put their heads in the sand and buy things rather than look at how much money they have in their bank accounts.
（1）The company made the product to help itself _________.
A. make money B. save money C. spend money D. rob money （2）The wristband has to work with _________.
A. shops B. doctors C. banks D. Intelligent Environments （3）Mr. Webber thinks the wristband is _________.
A. helpless B. great C. a big surprise D. cheap （4）You can read this passage in a _________.
A. health magazine B. science magazine C. sports magazine D. weather report 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）B （4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了英国生产的帮助人们省钱的工具——腕带，如果你花钱多了，它会电击你，它是互联网的一部分。
（1）逻辑推理题，公司的目的是赚钱，他生产这种东西就为为了赚钱，故答案是A。 （2）细节理解题，根据It is linked to our bank account.可知它跟银行账户关联，故答案是C。
（3）逻辑推理题，根据最后一段的陈述可知，韦伯认为这种产品很棒，故答案是B。 （4）文章出处题，这是一篇科普性的文章，应出现在科学杂志上，故答案是B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题和文章出处题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实；文章出处题需要根据文章内容来判断文章的来源。
11．阅读理解
Barry is having a very difficult time in his life. His wife recently passed away. He is very sad. Barry's neighbor, a very old woman named Gertrude, sees him from her yard one day. She has not seen him outside for days!
\"Hello, Barry! Just look at this fence. It is broken. You are a strong man, and you have some free time. I want you to fix this fence for me,\" Gertrude says.
Barry is angry. He thinks the old lady is very selfish. Still, he knows she is a nice woman, and he respects her. He agrees to help her.
Barry works for days. Gertrude brings him lemonade while he works. When he finishes, he smiles for the first time in months.
\"You did such a wonderful job. Do you think you could paint it for me?\" Gertrude smiles at him. Barry cannot believe his ears. Doesn't she know how sad he is? But because he respects her so much, Barry agrees. He works hard in the hot sun, but Gertrude's lemonade and encouragement are wonderful. He feels proud of the beautiful fence he is making.
Over the next few weeks, Gertrude keeps giving Barry jobs. He even repairs her door. All the neighbors pass by and tell Barry what a beautiful job he has done.
He finally realizes that she has never been rude. She is really very wise. He knows that simply getting busy with something can take sorrow away. He helps her, but she truly saves him. （1）Why does Barry agree to help Gertrude to fix the fence? A. Because he thinks Gertrude is too old. B. Because he has some free time. C. Because he is strong enough. D. Because he respects her.
（2）Barry does a lot for Gertrude, but he doesn't ________ for her.
A. repair the door B. fix the fence C. paint the fence D. buy lemonade （3）What does the underlined word \"sorrow\" mean in Chinese?
A. 愤怒 B. 遗憾 C. 悲伤 D. 喜悦 （4）From the text, we can learn that Gertrude is ________.
A. selfish and rude B. kind but rude C. nice and wise D. friendly but selfish 【答案】 （1）D （2）D （3）C （4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章中介绍了一个叫巴里的男子丧妻，非常难过，他的邻居是一位老太太，为了让他从痛苦中解脱出来，就让巴里为她干一些家务活，通过不断地干活与交流，巴里从悲伤中解脱出来，同时感受到到邻居的爱心与良苦用心。
（1）细节理解题。根据Still, he knows she is a nice woman, and he respects her. He agrees to help her at last.可知Barry非常敬重这位老太太，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据I want you to fix this fence for me；Do you think you could paint it for me?以及He even helps repairing her door.可知Barry为老太太修门，篱笆以及在篱笆上画画，但是没有买柠檬水，故选D。
（3）词义推断题。根据 His wife recently passed away. He is very sad. 可知Barry很悲伤，但是他的邻居 Gertrude，通过让Barry忙碌起来的方式，让Barry忘记自己的悲痛，因此sorrow意为“悲伤”故选C。
（4）理解归纳题。由文章内容可知Gertrude是一个友善明智的人。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
12．阅读理解
A few days ago, I ran into a stranger as he passed by. I said sorry to him. And we were very polite. Then we went on our way after saying goodbye.
Later in the kitchen at home, as I cooked our meal, my daughter Betty walked up to me. When I turned around, I nearly knocked her down. \"Get out of the way!\" I shouted angrily. She ran away, crying.
That night, when I lay in bed, my husband said to me, \"You were so rude to Betty. Go and look around on the kitchen floor, and you'll find some flowers there. Betty brought those for you. She picked them herself—pink, yellow, and your favorite blue.\"
When I heard this, I thought deeply, \"While meeting with a stranger, I was calm and polite, but with my daughter, I was not patient.\" I felt sad and tears began to fall.
I quietly went to Betty's bed, \"Wake up, my dear!\" I said. \"Are these the flowers you picked for me?\" She smiled, \"I found them by the tree. I know you like them, especially the blue ones.\" I said, \"I am so sorry that I treated you that way today.\" And she whispered （悄声说）, \"Mommy, that's okay. I still love you anyway.\" I kissed her and said, \"I love you, too and 1 do love the flowers.\"
That day Betty gave me a lesson on how to get along with each other in the family. I spent much time on work and didn't realize how important family life was. I decided to do better in the future.
（1）What did the writer do when she ran into a man? A. She got mad at him. B. She didn't say sorry to him. C. She said sorry to him politely. D. She left without saying anything.
（2）Why did the writer feel sorry for what she had done? A. Because her husband didn't love her.
B. Because her daughter brought her some flowers. C. Because she used to be friendly to others. D. Because she spent less time on her family life.
（3）According to the passage, which do you think is I he best title? A. How to get along with a stranger B. I love my daughter
C. My daughter gave me a good lesson
D. How to be a polite person 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了发生在自己和女儿之间的一个故事，通过这个故事，让作者决定在将来要更好地对待他人 。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句A few days ago, I ran into a stranger as he passed by. I said sorry to him. And we were very polite. 几天前，当陌生人走过的时候，我撞到了他，我对他说了对不起，我们非常有礼貌，可知当作者撞到一个陌生人有礼貌地道歉，故选C。 （2）推理判断题。阅读第三段可知：可知作者的丈夫告诉她，玛丽为她采了一些花．第四段作者开始对发生的事进行反思，并向女儿道歉，第五段作者下决心要多花点时间与家人相处，I spent much time on work before and didn't realize how important family life was. 可知作者对她所做的事感到难过，因为她花在家庭生活上的时间很少，故选D。
（3）主旨归纳题。文章主要讲作者对陌生人很有礼貌，而对自己的女儿态度非常糟糕，缺乏耐心。而女儿看到漂亮的花时，依然摘来送给她，孩子的一些话深深触动作者的心灵，决定未来要多花些时间陪伴家人，会做得更好。由此可以推断出文章标题：女儿给了我一个很好的教训。故选C。
【点评】查阅读理解。 本题主要考查了细节理解题，归纳题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。
13．阅读理解
A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So, a zero-waste store is about providing a kind of everyday and pleasant-looking zero-waste products to help people start on a zero-waste life journey.
\"Zero waste\" or \"danshari\" was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson. Her idea is: live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different kinds of ways to save the environment such as stopping the use of one-off objects; giving unwanted things to others or giving them away to organizations like the Red Cross.
Yu Yuan, 27, is deeply interested in this idea. She and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to buy things without thinking about them carefully until she saw a video about \"zero waste\year in a jar （罐）. After watching the video, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend.
A zero-waste life follows the 6R rule-Refuse Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot. Over August-October when Yu followed the rule of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.
Now, the couple have opened a small shop in Beijing, where they use wood products to take the place of plastic ones and cloth bags printed with environmentally friendly logos（环保标志）. Most products sold in the store can be reused. The store also has second-hand books and CDs/DVDs with, ideas to make the best of the used things.
\"Those who once experienced the non-waste lifestyle have slowly changed their ideas,\" says Ya, \"The zero-waste lifestyle is not for ascetics （苦行僧）. It is just around us at our finger-tips.\" Yu expects some of her friends to join her on the road to zero waste. （1）Bea Johnson suggests that people should ________. A. try to produce no rubbish in life B. share objects with others C. help their friends live comfortably D. work hard for the Red Cross （2）We can see from the passage that Yu Yuan ________.
A. offers plastic bags in her store B. is influenced （影响） by the 6R rule C. often buys things she doesn't need D. likes listening to CDs very much （3）What Yu Yuan says in the last paragraph probably means that ________. A. lots of people doubt the zero-waste lifestyle B. she feels it hard to continue her lifestyle C. her friends have followed her lifestyle D. the zero-waste lifestyle is not difficult to live
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Opening up a second-hand store B. Recycling （回收） waste C. Saving the environment D. Joining the couple 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文主要是倡导零浪费生活方式。
（1）细节题。根据 Her idea is: live a life and try not to create any rubbish ，可知他建议人们应该尽量不要在生活中制造垃圾，故选A。
（2）推理题。根据 Over August-October when Yu followed the rule of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish 当余遵循零浪费6R规则时，她和男友乔·哈维只生产了两罐垃圾，可知从这篇文章中我们可以看出她受6r规则影响，故选B。
（3）推理题。根据 Those who once experienced the non-waste lifestyle have slowly changed their ideas,那些曾经体验过非浪费生活方式的人已经慢慢改变了他们的想法，可知能改变说明完全可以这样生活，故余源在最后一段所说的可能意味着零浪费的生活方式并不难过，故选D。
（4）主旨题。根据本文主要是倡导零浪费生活方式，倡导环保，可知 Saving the environment适合做标题，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
14．阅读理解
Need to buy something? Why go to a store? Buy it on the Internet! Need it now? Why wait?
Ask to receive it the next day! Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited. Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment.
People are surprised to hear this.\" They think, I don't need to drive, and the business doesn't need to build a store, so there will be less pollution,\" says Nuria Prost, an environmental scientist. \"But it is not so simple. In fact, online shopping is wasteful. It also adds to air pollution.\" In truth, the Internet is not always as good a friend to the environment as it seems. For example, most people thought that the Internet would help offices use less paper and other materials. But paper use increased by33percent between 1986 and 1997.\"Online shopping could have similarly harmful results,\" says Nevil Cohen, a researcher of environmental science. Part of the problem is what people are buying these days. In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. This creates a lot of waste. Another problem caused by online shopping is air pollution. When customers buy products and ask to receive them the next day, online businesses often have to send them by air. Airplanes use much more oil than cars and produce more carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）. When people buy a lot of different things from different online businesses, this creates even more travel by airplane. Online product returns are also a problem. For example, an online shoe store may allow customers to return shoes for free if they are wrong size. This doubles the packing materials and number of airline trips required to sell one pair of shoes.
\"If people want to protect the environment, they need to think before they shop,\" says Prost. \"People need to ask themselves: Is this exactly what I want? Do I really need it tomorrow, or can I wait?\" Online stores can also ask customers to pay money for returns. This may make people shop more carefully.\" Online shopping is fast and easy, \"says Prost,\" but we can't forget the harmful result it has caused to the environment.\"
（1）The passage begins with several questions to . A. introduce the main topic B. describe online shopping C. show the writer's opinion D. list advantages of shopping
（2）What is the passage mainly about? A. The Internet is not good to the environment. B. Online shopping causes more air pollution. C. Online shopping is bad for the environment. D. Stop online shopping to protect the environment.
（3）Which of the following is to show that online shopping is wasteful? A. Large products need more packing materials. B. Paper use increased by 33 percent about ten years. C. Businesses need to build a store to sell the products. D. Online shopping costs less than shopping in a store.
（4）What is probably the best title of the passage? A. A Good Deal to Make B. A Different Lifestyle to Keep C. A Cleaner Way to Shop D. A New Business to Start
（5）Which of the following shows the structure（结构）of the passage?（P=Paragraph）
A.
B.
C.
D.
【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）A （4）C （5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述了网上购物对环境的危害，倡导人们清洁购物。
（1）意图判断题，根据 Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online
sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited.可知，以上的几个问题是为了引出网上购物的话题。故答案是A。
（2）细节理解题，根据 Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment. 可知，短文主要在论述网上购物对环境的危害，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题，根据 In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. 可知，网上购买的产品的包装浪费了大量的包装材料，故答案是A。
（4）标题判断题，文章主要讲述了网上购物对环境的危害，倡导人们清洁购物，故答案是C。
（5）篇章结构题，通过阅读发现第一二段是独立的，接下来的三段是并列部分对于第二段进行论证，最后一段是总结性段落是对前面三段的总结，故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题涉及到的题型较多，包括目的意图题、细节理解题、标题判断题和篇章结构题。目的意图题需要找出句子之间的因果关系，细节理解题需要认真阅读，仔细在文中寻找答案，标题判断题需要抓住文章的中心，用精炼的短语概括中心，篇章结构题比较简单，一般来说只要能看明白文章的意思，就可以判定出它的结构方式。
15．阅读理解
I often hear some students say English is difficult, and it gives them a headache. So they can't learn it well. But English is very easy for me. I'm good at it. I'm very glad to tell you something about how I study English.
First, I think an interest in English is very important. When I was in Grade One, we had a new subject-English. It was fresh to me. I became interested in it, so I worked hard at it. Soon we had an English exam and I got a very good mark. How happy I was! Since then, I have been learning English harder and harder. Our English teacher often taught us English songs, and the songs sounded nice. I often think how interesting English is!
Second, English is another language different from our Chinese. We should learn it in the following ways: Listen to the teacher carefully in class, speak bravely, read aloud and have a larger and larger vocabulary, and then practice again and again. And I have a good habit: whenever I have a question, I must make it clear by asking our English teacher. How happy I am when I understand it!
Besides, I often read English stories, jokes and easy novels. From these I know English is not only interesting, but also useful. They help me understand a lot of things. So, to do more reading is an important way to learn English well.
And I also do some exercises in our workbooks, and I keep English diaries. English has become a close friend of mine.
Now I have learned English for more than two years. I am always in the first place in our class. Of course, I hope every classmate of mine can learn English well, too.
（1）Why do some students often have a headache when studying English? A. Because they often catch a cold. B. Because it's often very cold.
C. Because they think English is easy. D. Because they don't think English is easy. （2）The writer tells us that we should be ______ in English if we want to learn it well. A. excited B. interested C. quiet D. happy （3）The sentence \"I got a very good mark\" means . A. I got a good way B. I had a good idea C. I did badly in the exam D. I did well in the exam （4）The writer thinks English is interesting because . A. English is full of stories B. English is full of jokes
C. his teacher often teaches the students nice English songs in class D. of nothing
（5）Which of the following is NOT the way the writer studies? A. Speaking bravely. B. Writing to foreign friends. C. Reading aloud. D. Keeping English diaries. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）D （4）C （5）B
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述在别人眼中英语很难学，但在作者眼中英语很容易，他认为学习英语首先要有兴趣，其次要有一定的学习方法，此外还要多看杂志多练习。 （1）细节题。根据 I often hear some students say English is difficult, and it gives them a headache. 可知因为他们认为英语不容易 ，故选D。
（2）推理题。根据 I think an interest in English is very important 可知作者告诉我们，如果我们想学习英语，就应该对英语感兴趣 ，故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据 I worked hard at it. Soon we had an English exam and I got a very good mark. How happy I was 可知I got a very good mark是我取得了好成绩的意思， I did well in the exam 我考试考得很好 ，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据 Our English teacher often taught us English songs, and the songs sounded nice. I often think how interesting English is 可知作者认为英语很有趣，因为 他的老师经常在课堂上教学生唱好听的英文歌，故选C
（5）细节题。根据全文描述可知作者学习的方式有勇敢的说，大声的读和记日记，没提及给外国人写信，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中
寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
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