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上海牛津英语中考各专题必背知识点与重难点解析

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名词

【高频考点】常见不可数名词

Bread, fun, information, knowledge,money,news, weather, wealth,work

如:_____ information you are giving to us! A.What useful A.What an useful A.What a useful D.How useful

【必背知识点】兼可数和不可数的名词 orange 桔子/橘子汁 fish

动物 鱼/鱼肉(食物)

/鸡肉(食物)

chicken 动物 鸡 exercise练习/锻炼 glass

玻璃杯,眼镜/玻璃(材料)

纸张(材料)

paper 文件,试卷/ life 生命/生活

room 房间/空隙(=space)

(左为可数释义,右为不可数释义)

【必背知识点】

名词前的修饰词:

①放在可数名词复数前的有:many(许多) , few(很少) , a few(一些), a (small/ large) number of (许多),several(几个),a couple of(几个)

②放在不可数名词复数前的有: much(许多) , little (很少), a little(一些), a great deal of, a small/ large amount of;

③(可数、不可数前)都可放的词有:a lot of ,lots of(许多), some (一些) any , plenty of

区分:a lot 相当于 very 表示“很,非常”,后面不能加名词;a lot of表示“很多”,后面加名词。

A number of表示“一些”,the number of 表示“…的数量”,前者谓语用复数,后者谓语用单数。

名词所有格

's 表示“某人家”、“店铺”,省略后面的名词

eg : at Mr. Green’s, to my uncle’s , at the doctor’s, at the tailor’s

冠词

【常考易错点】(必须记牢)

A useful/ university/ European/one-eyed/+名词; a uniform/ unit/ used car

an hour unusual(否定前缀) an + honest/ 8-year-old+名词 【难点】

冠词a/an在序数词前,表“又一”=another He didn’t give up and took a seventh try.

【必背知识点】

the在序数词和形容词最高级前。

如:The third one is carrying the fewest of all.

在姓氏复数形式之前,表示“某某一家”或“某某夫妇”。 如:the Greens, the Blacks, etc.

官职、头衔的名词前,第几大街和公园前不加冠词。

如: Xi Jinping has recently been elected__/__ president of our country.

有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词,其意义有所不同。 如:1)at table在吃饭; at the table在桌子旁 2)in class在上课; in the class在班级中

3)in hospital 在住院 in the hospital 在医院里 4)go to bed上床睡觉; go to the bed到床上去

代词

【难点】Other、another、the other、others、the others辨析

1、+the 为有范围 如:There are 30 people in the room, 19 of them are men, the others are women.

2、+s 后面不可加名词 如:the other students=the others

3、The other后可加名词也可不加。表示两者之一的另一个,不加名词。表示“剩余的”后加名词。

如:One of the twins is reading, the other is watching TV.

19 of the students in the classroom are studying, the other students are playing.

4. 释义区别 Another \"又一,另一\" other/others \"其他的\"the others\"其他的,剩余的\"the other\"另一个;其他的,剩余的\"

不定代词 either、neither、both、all、none

注意范围区分:两个以内:either、neither、both 三个及三个以上:all、none

【易错点】either, neither作主语时谓语用单数,其余为复数。

数词

【必背知识点】

Hundred,thousand,million,billion 单独使用没有复数形式。 如:two hundreds ×

复数形式和of连用可表示数以百/千/百万/亿计. 如:hundreds of √ 但two hundreds of ×

Over,more/less than等词后须接准确的数字,如:

Over___ people were against to the use of nuclear weapon(核武器). A. 5 billion B. Billions of C. 5 billions D. 5 billions of

【易错点】

基数词(如 one)放到名词的后边,该名词一般要大写;序数词(如 tenth)放到名词的前面,加定冠词 ,不大写。常出现在填空题。如 The_____ Lesson is very difficult but is very important.(twelve).[key]Twelfth

注意:加连字符里单词都要用单数,且用连字符的词组后面一定要加名词,后面没有名词时不可用连字符。如:She is 12-years-old.× She is a 12-year-old girl.√ She is 12 years old.√

[经典例题]Today is the old man’s one ____________ birthday. (hundred) He ran the race in three minutes and sixty-eight ___________. (two) [keys] hundredth; seconds

非谓语动词

1.Enjoy/like/love/be fond of doing sth. 喜欢做某事

eg:She is fond of doing chemical experiments. 她喜欢做化学实验。

2.Keep/keep on/carry on/go on doing sth. 继续做某事

eg:We keep on going on and on cause this is where we both belong. 让我们一直拥有,并走下去,因为这是我们俩共同拥有的。 3.Feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

eg:I feel like giving up on the job. 我觉得我不能从工作中摆脱出来。 4.Practice doing sth. 练习做某事

eg:They practice doing so quickly and accurately. 他们学习快而准确的做。 5.Give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

eg:If my boss asks me to do such kind of thing any more, I'll give up working. 如果我老板再要我做这样的事,我就辞职不干了。 6.Be good at/do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事

eg:For example, the Dutch do well in disposing of wastes. 欧洲就非常善于使用再生资源,例如:荷兰的垃圾。 7.Pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事

eg:We should pay attention to our behavior in public. 在公共场所应注意自己的言谈举止。

8.What about/how about doing sth. ……怎么样(好吗)?

eg:What about editing of the film? 这部电影的编辑怎么样呢? 9.Thank you for doing sth. 为……感谢某人

eg:Thank you for flying with us. 谢谢您乘坐我们的飞机。 10.Mind doing sth. 介意做某事

eg:Would you mind doing me a favour? 你介意帮我个忙吗? 11.Be used for doing sth./be used to do sth. 被用来做某事

eg:Computers are used to do many jobs in the office. 电脑在办公室被用来做很多事。

12.Spend… (in) doing sth. 花时间做某事

eg:How much time you spend doing daily exercise? 你每天花多少时间做运动?

13.Be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事

eg:He is busy with some important work. 他忙着处理一些重要的工作。 14.Finish doing sth. 做完某事

eg:You'd better finish doing your homework tonight. 你最好今晚完成家庭作业。

15.Make a contribution to doing sth. 在……做贡献

eg:We will try our best to make a contribution to lighting industry. 竭力为照明事业做出贡献!

16.Prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢……胜过…… eg:He prefers doing to talking. 他宁愿做,不愿说。 17.Be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事

eg:Life is not fair, get used to it. 生活是不公平的,但我们要适应它。 18.Keep/stop/prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

eg:Unless we get more funding, we'll be prevented from finishing our experimental programme. 除非我们得到更多的拨款,否则就会妨碍完成这项试验计划。

加do sth的单词有:

感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice; 使役动词make,let.

后接形容词的动词有

{

系动词 be become get go turn keep 使役动词 make let

感官动词 look sound smell taste feel

如:The fish goes bad. 鱼肉坏了。

The news makes him sad. 这则消息让他难过。 She looks lovely in pink. 她穿粉色衣服显得可爱。

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