大学英语
Part I Reading Comprehension
Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. You are required to decide on the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Passage One
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
Very high waves arc destructive when they strike the land. Fortunately, this seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow bottom helps reduce its strength.
But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the shore with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave. 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds. (S1) Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea. During the most raging storms, the water a hundred fathoms (600 feet) beneath the
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surface is just as calm as on a day without a breath of wind.
1. According to the passage, destruction caused by high waves occurs ______
A. regularly B. rarely C. always D. predictably
2. It is implied that out at sea, when waves going in opposite directions meet their force _______
A. causes great damage B. extends to the ocean floor
C. is liable to lessen D. increases rapidly
3. It is clear from the passage that coastal depth _______
A. is the only factor influencing the strength of high waves
B. has enormous influence on the force of high waves
C. has no influence on the strength of very high waves
D. is irrelevant to the power of high waves
4. It can be inferred from Para. 2 that the power of high waves striking the shore is _______
A. constant B. equalized C. variable D. perpetual
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5. It is impossible for the high waves ______
A. to bring about most raging storms
B. to have an effect on the sea bottom
C. to affect the surface of the sea
D. to cause damage to the land
BCBCB
Passage Two
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
A library is more than just a place where books are stored. A library is a source of information. That information may come from books (fiction, nonfiction, or reference books), from periodicals (newspapers, magazines, and journals), from audio-visual material (records, cassettes microfilm, video tapes, etc.), or even from a computer terminal.
Students go to libraries to study and to write research papers. The periodicals room of a university library is where foreign students often find newspapers and magazines from their countries. In the reference room, they can find catalogs from many universities in the U.S. and other countries. If you are buying a used car, the reference librarian can show you the Blue Book, which lists the prices of new and used cars. People who need information in a hurry can telephone the reference librarian at many libraries.
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（S2）There are as many different library services as there are types of people who use them. Children's libraries provide materials for young readers. They sometimes have story tellers who read stories to groups of children, and a few have computers for the children to play with. Music lovers can listen to recordings of their favorite musicians in music libraries. Some libraries offer special services for blind people, such as books in Braille, \"talking\" books, and Kurzweil Reading Machines.
Libraries provide entertainment as well as information. Novels and short stories from a library's fiction collection are a good source of enjoyable reading practice. Public libraries often sponsor lectures on topics of interest to members of the community, and a few even offer concerts and films. No matter what your interests are, you will find that a library can be a great place to enjoy yourself while you learn.
6 In libraries readers can get information from . A. computer terminal, books, periodicals, or nonfiction
B. books, periodicals, audio-visual materials or video apes
C. periodicals, books, audio-visual materials or a computer terminal
D. materials, reference books, periodicals, audio-visual or journals
7. In the reference room of the library you can find _________.
A. materials for young readers B. university catalogs
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C. newspapers and magazines D. the fiction collection
8. Foreign students often go to to read newspapers and magazines from their countries.
A. periodical rooms B. reference rooms C. music rooms D. computer centers
9. The last sentence in the last paragraph implies that readers can .
A. find entertainment and information in a library
B. read both novels and short stories in a bookstore
C. enjoy concerts and films in a theater
D. attend many lectures at colleges
10. What is the main idea of the passage is that_____
A. There are many kinds of libraries.
B. A library is a place where books are stored.
C. Libraries provide entertainment.
D. Libraries offer many different services.
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CBAAD
Passage Three
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
In Western countries people have been using the installment plan since the first half of the twentieth century. Today, a large number of families in Great Britain buy furniture, household goods and cars by installments. （S3）In the U. S., the figure is much higher than in Great Britain, and people there spend over 10 percent of their income on the installment plan.
The price of an article bought on installments is always higher than the price that would be paid by cash. There is a charge for interest. The buyer pays one quarter or one third of the price as a down payment (预付定金) when the goods are delivered to him. He then makes regular payments, weekly or monthly, until the full price is paid up. The legal ownership of the goods remains with the seller until the final payment has been made.
Installment buying（分期付款购货）has advantages and disadvantages. It can help couples with small incomes to furnish their homes and start housekeeping. It increases the demand for goods, and in this way helps business and employment. There is, however, the danger that when business is bad, installment buying may end suddenly, making business much worse. This may result in a great increase in unemployment. If the people on the installment plan lose their jobs, they will probably not be able to make their payments. If great numbers of people are not able to pay their installment debts there is a possibility that businessmen cannot collect their debts and will therefore lose money. If businessmen lose money or fail to
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make a satisfactory profit, it becomes more likely to have a depression. This is why, in some countries, the government controls the installment plan by fixing the amount of the down payment and installments to discourage people from buying more than they can pay for on the installment plan.
11. Which of the following is NOT true about the installment plan?
A. A lot of British families use the installment plan.
B. More than 10 percent American families buy things on installments.
C. Americans depend more on installment than British people do.
D. Americans spend one tenth of their income on installment buying.
12. Goods bought on installments are more expensive than goods bought by cash because ________.
A. the buyer has to pay extra money as interest
B. the delivery of the goods charges extra money
C. the buyer has to pay a down payment
D. the service offered by installment plan charged extra money
13. What will happen to a buyer if he fails to make the full payment for an item bought
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on installments?
A. He might lose his job.
B. He will stop owning the item he has bought.
C. He will have to sell what he has bought.
D. He will go into debt.
14. The advantage of installment buying might include all the following EXCEPT that ________.
A. purchasing power is strengthened
B. employment might be increased
C. people develop a good habit of saving money
D. young couples are able to furnish their homes
15. In some countries, the governments control the installment plan to ________.
A. increase employment
B. avoid depressions
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C. ensure that businesses make good profits
D. ensure that people can pay for what they buy
BABCD
Passage Four
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
The making of glass is a very old industry---at least 4,500 years old. Glass has many extraordinary qualities and it is frequently being used in new ways. One of the most interesting new uses for glass is in telephone communication. Scientists have developed glass fibres as thin as human hair which are designed to carry light signals. （S4）When the light reaches the other end, it is first changed into electrical signals, which are in turn changed into sound messages. Called light-wave communication, the new system was used successfully in an experiment in Chicago in 1977. During the experiment, two glass fibres were able to carry 672 conversations at the same time. The light-wave cable（电缆）,containing 144 glass fibres, has the capacity to carry 50,000 conversations at the same time. The light-wave communication system has two important advantages. First, the glass fibre cables are smaller and weigh less than copper（铜）cables. Second, they cost less.
Perhaps it can be said that telephone communication has entered the age of light!
16. One of the extraordinary qualities of glass is that it can carry _______.
A. electrical signals B. sound signals
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C. light signals D. any signal
17. From the passage, you can tell that people prefer glass fibre cables to copper cable because_______ .
A. glass fibre is easier to make
B. glass fibre is less expensive
C. glass fibre is more up to date
D. glass fibre delivers messages directly
18. Which of the following is not included in the passage?
A. Glass fiber cables are lighter than copper ones.
B. Glass fiber cables are used to carry light waves.
C. Light-wave communication system has been for civil use of about 30 years.
D. Glass is a favorable material for telephone communication.
19. Before you can hear a message on the phone using the new system, _______.
A. electrical signals must first be changed into light signals and then into sound
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B. the light signals have to be changed directly into sound messages
C. light must first be changed into electrical signals and then into sound
D. either the light or the electrical signals have to be changed into sound messages
20. Which of the following can best express the main idea of the passage?
A. Glass is very useful because it has many unusual qualities.
B. Light signals have changed the use of glass in industry.
C. Glass fibres have reduced the cost of telephone communication.
D. The use of glass fibres to carry telephone messages is an interesting new development.
CBCCD
Passage Five
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
(S5) Cars of 2050 will travel the nation's highways in never-before-dreamed-of safety, comfort, and convenience. These cars will float along, never touching the ground, and therefore will have no need for wheels.
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Annoying highway vibrations, caused by the rotations of the disc-and-tire wheels, be things of the past. The coming highway passenger cars will
will
literally fly above the road,
supported on columns of air compressed by turbine-driven (涡轮驱动的) fans.
The car without wheels has been called a \"flying car\ that's just what it is; however, it will not back out of the family garage, start down the street, and then suddenly go quickly upward heading for some distant point. On the contrary, to avoid problems in aerial navigation, the wheelless vehicle probably will travel no more than three inches above road surface. It will travel over fairly rough road and even over smooth water!
The inevitable problems of maritime (水上的) regulations, severe weather conditions, and running out of fuel in remote areas all will require new concepts of operation, servicing, and vehicle regulation.
21. The author believes that cars of the future _______.
A) will be replaced by airplanes
B) will have wheels unlike those of today
C) will use columns of air instead of wheels
D) will use wheels without tires
22.Cars of the future will run _______.
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A) without annoying noise B) without fuel
C) much more smoothly D) on a number of fans
23. The car without wheels has been called a \"flying car\" because _______.
A) it travels a few inches above the ground
B) it can fly as a plane does
C) it moves at a very high speed
D) it can travel over smooth water
24. Where is a wheelless car LEAST fit to travel?
A) Over soft land. B) Over rough country roads.
C) Over highways. D) Over waterfalls.
25. Wheelless cars will _______.
A. eliminate all traffic problems B. create new traffic problems
C. eliminate parking problems D. Both A and B
CBADB
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Passage Six
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
In primitive societies sick people had to rely on medicine men and witch doctors. (Some people still rely on them.) It was believed that a person was sick because he had been attacked by evil spirits. The witch doctor’s job was to drive off these spirits.
His technique involved a combination of three methods, the first of which was religious. He chanted magic words and used good luck charms which he thought had power over the evil spirits that supposedly had entered the victim’s body. Secondly, he deliberately fed the patient mixtures, which were often filthy and disgusting, to make the evil spirits so uncomfortable that would gladly run away and so enable the patient to get well.
The third method was to give the patient medicines prepared from certain plants and herbs that were similar in shape or texture to the various organs of the body. From our point of view, this was the only method that had any value. Modern scientific study has shown that some of these remedies had real usefulness in curing sickness, or at least in relieving pain, but not for the reasons advanced by the witch doctor.
26. The word “filthy”(Para. 2) most probably means ______
A. delicious B. effective C. dirty D. primitive
27. Disgusting mixtures were fed to the patient _______
A. to make them uncomfortable
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B. to cause the spirits discomfort
C. because evil spirits liked them
D. because they had medical value
28. According to the passage, the witch doctors ______
A. functioned in curing some diseases
B. did nothing but harmed human’s health
C. firmly believed in religions
D. were proficient in medicine
29. When primitive people were cured, it was actually a result of _______
A. the witch doctor’s prayers
B. the departure of evil spirits from the body
C. reasons unknown to the witch doctor
D. the great skill of witch doctor
30. Scientifically speaking, it might be somewhat effective in curing sickness for witch
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doctor _______
A. to use good luck charms
B. to chant magic words
C. to feed the sick people mixtures
D. to give the patient medicines prepared from certain plants and herbs
CBADB
Part II Vocabulary and Structure
Directions: In this section there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. You are required to choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
31. The case against Robert Smith was _______ for lack of evidence.
A. discarded B. dismissed C. resigned D. eliminated
32. The fire was the worst _______ ever to hit the town.
A. accident B. event C. incident D. disaster
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33. In previous times, when fresh meat was in short _______, pigeons were kept by many households as a source of meat.
A. store B. reserve C. supply D. provision
34. John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing, and that teaching must _______ the curiosity and creativity of children.
A. seek B. shape C. stimulate D. secure
35. Books can be grouped into two _______: the good books and the bad books.
A. breeds B. lists C. types D. categories
36. The wind has ________ from north to south.
A. shifted B. converted C. altered D. transformed
37. He doesn’t ________ as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible.
A. equal B. match C. fit D. qualify
38. Your arguments are ________ to criticism.
A. sensitive B. opposed C. exposed D. vulnerable
39. The local authorities gave the instruction that all the old buildings there ________
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pulled down.
A. be B. will be C. must be D. have to be
40. I would rather you _______ next week instead of tomorrow.
A. leave B. left C. will leave D. would leave
31–40 BDCBD, ADDAB; Part III Cloze
Directions: In this part there is a passage with 2 0 blanks in it. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to choose the one that best fills into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Historians tend to tell the same joke when they are describing history education in America. It’s the one 61 the teacher standing in the schoolroom door 62 goodbye to students for the summer and calling 63 them. “By the way, we won World War II.”
The problem with the joke, of course, is that it’s 64 funny. The recent surveys on 65 illiteracy (无知) are beginning to numb (令人震惊): nearly one third of American 17-year-olds cannot even 66 which countries the United States 67 against in that war. One third have no 68 when the Declaration of Independence was 69 . One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly 70 the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. 71 when they get the answers right, some are 72 guessing.
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Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be 73 connected to loss of international 74 . But it does affect our future 75 a democratic nation and as individuals.
The 76 news is that there is growing agreement 77 what is wrong with the 78 of history and what needs to be 79 to fix it. The steps are tentative (尝试性的) 80 yet to be felt in most classrooms.
61. A) about B) in C) for D) by
62. A) shaking B) waving C) nodding D) speaking
63. A) in B) after C) for D) up
64. A) rarely B) so C) too D) not
65. A) historical B) educational C) cultural D) political
66. A) distinguish B) acknowledge C) identify D) convey
67. A) defeated B) attacked C) fought D) struck
68. A) sense B) doubt C) reason D) idea
69. A) printed B) signed C) marked D) edited
70. A) place B) judge C) get D) lock
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71. A) Even B) Though C) Thus D) So
72. A) hardly B) just C) still D) ever
73. A) exclusively B) practically C) shortly D) directly
74. A) competitiveness B) comprehension C) community D) commitment
75. A) of B) for C) with D) as
76. A) fine B) nice C) surprising D) good
77. A) to B) with C) on D) of
78. A) consulting B) coaching C) teaching D) instructing
79. A) done B) dealt C) met D) reached
80. A) therefore B) or C) and D) as
61-70: ABBDA, CCDBA; 71-80: ABDAD, Part IV Translation
Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should (translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read in Part II. You can refer back to the passage so as o identify their meaning in the context. You should write your answer on the Answer sheet. 《大学英语》第 20 页 共 21 页
S1. Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea. S2. There are as many different library services as there are types of people who use them.
S3. In the U. S., the figure is much higher than in Great Britain, and people there spend over 10 percent of their income on the installment plan.
S4. When the light reaches the other end, it is first changed into electrical signals, which are in turn changed into sound messages.
S5. Cars of 2050 will travel the nation's highways in never-before-dreamed-of safety, comfort, and convenience.
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