如何在windows2012上做linux pxe server
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如何用Windows2012 R2搭建PXE Server
目 录
Pre-Reading： ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
1. 硬件、软件准备 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5
2. 添加Roles ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1. 添加Active Directory Domain Services并配置 .................................................................................................................................................................. 5
I. 添加AD DS Role ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
II. 进入AD DS Wizard配置验证信息、根域名、NetBIOS域名、AD DS目录等信息，Install并重启。 ..................................................................... 8
2.2. 添加DHCP Role并配置DHCPv4和DHCPv6 .................................................................................................................................................................... 16
I. 对将要作为PXE网口的网口配置静态IPv4和IPv6地址 .......................................................................................................................................... 17
II. 添加DHCP Role ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19
III. 进入DHCP Configuration Wizard配置DHCPv4 ......................................................................................................................................................... 23
IV. 进入DHCP Configuration Wizard配置DHCPv6 .......................................................................................................................................................... 34
2.3. 添加Windows Deployment Services Role并配置 ............................................................................................................................................................ 40
I. 添加WDS Role ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 41
II. 进入WDS Wizard配置等信息，Install并重启 .......................................................................................................................................................... 42
2.4. 添加Web Service (IIS) Role的FTP服务........................................................................................................................................................................... 48
3. 配置PXE的install image和boot image ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 50
3.1. 将PXE NIC driver集成到boot.wim和install.wim中 ...................................................................................................................................................... 50
3.2. 在PXE Server的WDS服务中添加Boot Image和Install Image ..................................................................................................................................... 56
3.3. 开启WDS服务 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 57
4.验证PXE是否配置成功 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 60
4.1. 验证PXE Server配置是否成功的步骤 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 60
4.2. PXE Server未能正常提供服务的常见问题汇总 .............................................................................................................................................................. 60
5. Linux系统PXE安装的配置 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 61
5.1. RHEL系统PXE安装的配置过程 ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 62
I. 为RHEL6.5x系统配置目录和脚本文件 ................................................................................................................................................................... 62
II. 配置有关RHEL6.5x安装的系统架构、DHCP Bootfile Name、tftp等选项.......................................................................................................... 67
5.2. SLES系统PXE安装的配置过程 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 69
5.3. SLES+KISO系统PXE安装的配置过程 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 69
5.4. VMware系统的配置过程 .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 69
5.5. PXE Reboot的配置过程 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 69
Pre-Reading：
PXE(Pre-boot Execution Environment)是由Intel设计的一种网络协议，它可以使计算机通过网络启动。协议分为client和server两端，PXE client端集成在网卡ROM中（即PXE启动需要网卡ROM的支持），当Client端计算机启动时，BIOS把PXE client端网络启动请求调入内存执行，并显示出启动菜单，经用户选择后，PXE Server进行响应，将预定的启动文件传输给PXE client，Client端将Server上的启动文件通过网络下载到本地运行。
PXE协议的成功运行需要解决以下两个问题：
a) 既然是通过网络传输，那么计算机在启动时，它的IP地址由谁来配置；
b) 通过什么协议下载Linux内核和根文件系统。
1. PXE启动涉及文件简介：
a) pxelinux.0：是计算机的自展引导程序(bootstrap)，负责系统的引导和启动，类似于BIOS的作用，会调用PXE的相关配置文件；
b) pxelinux.cfg：存放PXE配置文件的文件夹；
c) vmlinuz：Linux内核文件，是最简Linux系统；
d) initrd.img：根文件系统，
2. PXE启动流程：
如图0所示。
图0. PXE启动流程
a) 客户端在网络中寻找DHCP服务器，然后请求一个IP地址，服务器端收到请求后，给客户端分配一个IP； b) DHCP服务器联系到TFTP服务器为此客户端发送一个bootstrap(引导程序，pxelinux.0)； c) 客户端收到bootstrap后执行，bootstrap会请求TFTP服务器传送bootstrap的配置文件(pxelinux.cfg下的default)，客户端收到后读取配置文件； d) 根据配置文件内容和客户情况，客户端向TFTP服务端请求传送内核映象文件(vmlinuz)和根文件系统文件(initrd.img)； e) 客户端启动内核映象文件，PXE启动过程结束。
1. 硬件、软件准备
硬件：DL380p Gen8 + 331FLR网卡（注意：将要作为PXE端口的网口暂且不要连线）；
软件：Windows2012 R2 + 稳定版SPP + syslinux405。
组装Server，装OS，打HP官网上DL380p Gen8配套的SPP（或一款较稳定的老版本SPP也可），将syslinux405拷贝到系统中。
2. 添加Roles
关闭Public、Private、Domain三个防火墙。
需要添加的Roles有Active Directory Domain Services、DHCP、Windows Deployment Services、Web Service (IIS)的FTP，共四个，以下Roles的添加顺序不要颠倒，前后的Roles配置有依赖性。
2.1. 添加Active Directory Domain Services并配置
AD DS服务简介：What is the AD DS server role?
AD DS provides a distributed database that stores and manages information about network resources and application-specific data from directory-enabled applications. Administrators can use AD DS to organize elements of a network, such as users, computers, and other devices, into a hierarchical containment structure. The hierarchical containment structure includes the Active Directory forest, domains in the forest, and organizational units (OUs) in each domain. A server that is running AD DS is called a domain controller.
Organizing network elements into a hierarchical containment structure provides the following benefits:
? The forest acts as a security boundary for an organization and defines the scope of authority for administrators. By default, a forest contains a single domain, which is known as the forest root domain.
? Additional domains can be created in the forest to provide partitioning of AD DS data, which enables organizations to replicate data only where it is needed. This makes it possible for AD DS to scale globally over a network that has limited available bandwidth. An Active Directory domain also supports a number of other core functions that are related to administration, including network-wide user identity, authentication, and trust relationships.
? OUs simplify the delegation of authority to facilitate the management of large numbers of objects. Through delegation, owners can transfer full or limited
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在DHCP/DNS安装好后，再tftp服务后再配置
